u9
What does the spin quantum number indicate
direction of spin
A problem with the planetary or solar system model of the atom was that if electrons really orbited around the nucleus, the charge in acceleration should cause ____________ radiation to be given off by the electron which would eventually cause the electron to lose its charge
electromagnetic
The planetary model of an atom has _______ orbiting the nucleus
electrons
A spectroscope can display a(n) ____________ spectrum from a glowing element
emission
Each element has its own characteristic ____ of light
emissions
By bombarding a sample of gold foil with positively charged particles, scientists were able to show that most of the atom was made up of __
empty space
If a blackbody is heated to a high temperature, it will give off _
energy
What does the principal quantum number indicate
energy shell
Wave motion is the reason that electrons inhabit specific __
energy shells
The quantum model stated that electrons were in orbits an exact distance from the nucleus defined by the ______ of the electron
energy state
Each shell is made up with electrons traveling in different frequencies
false
When electrons are within 10 Hz of exactly fitting together, an energy shell can be formed
false
Different amounts of energy produce light of different ______
frequencies
The maximum rate of release of electrons is affected by the ___________ of the light
frequency
The higher the energy level, the _________ the distance from the nucleus
greater
he process of light being emitted by a material from an element as it becomes hot is called ______
incandescence
As the temperature of a blackbody rises, the frequency of the energy emitted will ____
increase
The release of electrons from metal illuminated by light is ____
instantaneous
A special device can produce a crisp picture of an element's emission spectrum by separating the light into clearly defined ___
lines
The quantum model failed to explain the behaviors and structures of atoms with ___________ electrons
multiple
The "raising pudding" model of the atom had a positively charged "sea" of pudding with _______ charged electrons floating around it, like raisins
negatively
The nucleus of an atom contains certain number of protons and a certain number of ---
neutrons
As energy is added to the atom, the electrons momentarily shift to the _________________ energy level
next higher
What does the magnetic quantum number indicate
orbital's orientation
The only way the the photoelectric effect can be satisfactorily explained is by the __________ theory of light
particle
Planck's theoretical explanation of the relation between the amounts of energy added and the frequency of radiation emitted required that light be emitted as ____
particles
The phenomenon of electrons being emitted when light strikes a metal surface is called the ____
photoelectric effect
As the energy level of an atom shifts back from an excited state to a normal state, a(n) _______ is released
photon
Very quickly, the energy level shifts back to the normal state and a(n) __________ is released
photon
he energy the atom gives off when its electrons become de-excited is called --
photon
Light arrives at its destination as __
photons
Light consists of ____ that travel as waves
photons
The one question that the wave theory did not have a satisfactory answer for was concerning how light is _____
produced
The frequency of light is _______ to the amount of energy that produces it
proportional
The _____ of the light will shift toward the lighter colors as the temperature increases
proportions
Planck called the particles of light ______
quanta
The word Planck used to describe the amount of energy in a particle is ___
quantum
The release of electrons is---- with brighter light and -----with dimmer light
quicker slower
Studying the _______ pattern given off by a combination of elements (a compound) will allow us to identify the elements that comprise the compound
refraction
What does the angular momentum quantum number indicate
shape of the orbital
The lines in an emission spectrum are actually images of the ________ in the spectroscope
slit
A _____________ is a special combination of lenses and prisms and gratings
spectroscope
According to classical physics, adding more energy to a blackbody should take energy emission though the whole _
spectrum
Studying the emission ___________ of an element will allow us to identify it
spectrum
Each energy shell of an electron is a(n) ________ of vibrations of the electron
standing wave
White incandescent light has an almost _______ spectrum
continuous
An absorption spectrum shows up as ______ lines, instead of the bright lines of an emission spectrum
dark
Electrons in different levels will orbit at ________ distances from the nucleus
different
Which scientist suggested that a wave equation could determine the probability of an electron occupying any particular shell?
Erwin Schrödinger
The theoretical work performed by _________, led to experimentation that proved that light consisted of particles
Albert Einstein
The theoretical work performed by this physicist led to experimentation that proved that light consisted of particles
Albert Einstein
______ was one of the first scientists to accept Louis de Broglie's theory
Albert Einstein
What happens as a blackbody is raised to higher and higher temperatures
As temperatures reach a level where it should get to the UV range, the emissions drop Once temperatures are raised emissions of the radiation begin increasing in frequency
The first model of the atom that explained its structure in quantum terms was proposed by __
Bohr
He believed strongly that light consisted of waves
Christian Huygens
What describes the contribution of Arnold Sommerfield to the development of quantum physics? Check the 5 that appl
He worked with the spectral lines given off by the emission of light from given chemicals He found justifications for every detail of the spectral lines except for the intensity of some of the emission line Sommerfeld was able to explain that electrons did not orbit the nucleus of an atom in exactly the same manner as a planet orbited the sun He assigned numbers to define the properties of the atomic orbitals and of the electrons themselves Sommerfeld worked out the shapes and probabilities of location and speed of electrons in the quantum atom and described the characteristics of the orbitals
He believed that light consisted of a stream of particles even though his experiments with lenses, mirrors and glass plates suggested to him that light traveled in waves
Isaac Newton
Which scientist suggested that particles of matter in motion should have wave properties
Louis de Broglie
His study of blackbody emissions and the ultraviolet catastrophe led to the development of two constants, one of which bears his name
Max Planck
The energy of a photon is found by multiplying the frequency of the light wave by ____
Planck's constant
The uncertainty in position of an electron is related to _------
Planck's constant
The spectral pattern will be _____________ regardless of the temperature of the element
consistent
_________ light does not easily create a photoelectric effect
Red
In 1911, a team of scientists led by _________ showed that the raisin pudding model of the atom was wrong
Rutherford
________ proposed the planetary model of the atom
Rutherford
blackbody
an object that absorbs all incoming light without reflecting any of it
What describes the contribution of Samuel Goudsmit and George Uhlenbeck to the development of quantum physics
They came to the conclusion that a fourth quantum number, the electron spin was need to completely describe the characteristics of an electron
What do the quantum numbers, taken together, indicate about the electron
They give an accurate and detailed picture of the configuration of each electron in the atom The quantum numbers are used in descriptions of the structure of an atom.
His double slit experiment seemed to settle the question about the nature of light—light definitely consisted of waves
Thomas Young
The electron was discovered by _______ in 1897
Thomson
________ light creates a photoelectric effect
Ultraviolet
The dual nature of light is really two ____ or ____ of one unified reality
aspects descriptions
The quantum model failed to explain why ________ could be obtained by electrons
certain orbits
The probabilities on an electron's position are best visualized with an electron ________ diagram
cloud
Niels Bohr, one of the most important scientists in the history of atomic research, called this relationship between these two aspects ____
complementarity
Which scientist's uncertainty principle stated that it was impossible to be certain about the precise position and momentum of an electron at any one instant
Werner Heisenberg
Which scientist expressed that physics at the time was very muddled and complicated
Wolfgang Pauli
Does light consist of electromagnetic waves or streams of particles
Yes, the nature of light has a wave-particle duality
hen gas is put in a container and a white incandescent light shines through it, the gas ______ certain wavelengths of light
absorbs
The ---- frequencies of an element are exactly the same as the---- frequencies of that element
absorption emission
According to classical physics an electron is in a constant state of --
acceleration
The wave theory of light would predict that electrons would be emitted only after time had elapsed, following the ______ of energy
accumulation
An atom in its normal state has the same number of protons as electrons
true
An electron's energy never diminishes in its orbit
true
Charges undergoing acceleration produce electromagnetic radiation.
true
Electrons of a particular energy level orbit the nucleus at a particular radius or distance from the nucleus
true
Electrons oscillations are performed at exact wavelengths all the times
true
Scientist call the failure of a blackbody to emit high levels of radiation in the ultraviolet light range the ___
ultraviolet catastrophe
According to classical physics, at high enough temperatures, a high percentage of blackbody radiation should be in the form of ____
ultraviolet light
Most properties of light such as reflection, refraction, diffraction and diffusion could be explained by the ________ theory of light
wave
Light exhibits patterns attributable to __
waves