UF CLP3144- Exam 1

Which of the following statements is true about the diathesis-stress model of the development of disorders

A biological, psychological, or social vulnerability combines with a biological, psychological, or social trigger, causing a disorder to manifest

Which of the following statements is true of mood disorders

A diagnosis of cyclothymic disorder requires that the person alternates between cycles of hypomania and depression

___ argued that people prone to psychological disorders are plagued by irrational negative assumptions about themselves and the world

Albert Ellis

Which of the following brain abnormalities have been implicated in depression?

An enlargement of and increased activity in the amygdala

Tristan's peers described his as being resentful of others, touchy, and having a short fuse. These are characteristics for oppositional defiant disorder under which category of criteria?

Angry/ irritable mood

Which of the following is true with regard to gender differences in oppositional defiant disorder

Boys with oppositional defiant disorder are more likely to be physically aggressive

Leila was distraught when she discovered her husband had been involved with another woman and had a child with the other woman she constantly tries to understand why her husband cheated on her, thinking thoughts such as "I'm so stupid for not realizing what was going on," and, "I should been more attentive to his needs." Which type of cognition is Martha most likely exhibiting?

Casual attribution

Which of the following is true of the difference between cyclothymic disorder and bipolar disorder

Cyclothymic disorder is less severe and more chronic than bipolar disorder

Terrence's father abandoned him and his mother when he was 6 years old. When asked about his father, he says that his father died. Although his father has tried to contact him, Terrence insists that his father is dead. Which of the following Freudian processes would best explain Terrence's behavior?

Defense mechanism

____ therapy focuses on difficulties in managing negative emotions and in controlling impulsive behaviors

Dialectical behavior

Rachel teaches in the second grade and suspects that two students in her class have behavioral problems. Although she works fervently to keep the class running smoothly, the students' behaviors continually disrupts the learning environment. When the two students blurt out the answers before being called upon, push others in line, or constantly get out of their seats, other students become distracted and irritated. According to which criterion will these students' behaviors might be considered abnormal?

Distress

A key assumption behind acceptance and commitment therapy is that ___, that is, ignoring painful thoughts, memories, and feelings, is/are at the heart of many mental health problems

Experimental avoidance

Which of the following statements about panic disorder is true

Many people with panic disorder feel ashamed of it and try to hide it from others

"A network theory of mental disorder" World Psychiatry, D. Borsboom. Which of the following is a central tenet of the network approach to mental disorders

Mental disorders arise from the causal interaction between symptoms in a network

Which of the following statements is true regarding the biological factors involved in conduct disorder and oppositional defiant disorder

Neuroimaging studies show abnormalities in the functioning of the anterior cingulate, an area of the brain involved in responding to emotional stimuli

which of the following statements is indicative of culturally sensitive approaches that therapists may use when treating clients

Recognizing certain cultures focus on the collective and that the identity of the individual is not see apart from the group

Research has shown that young men with high levels of ____ in their blood are more likely to commit violent crimes compared to other young men with more normal levels

Serotonin

Which of the following neurotransmitters plays an important role in regulating emotional well-being and aggressive impulses

Serotonin

what phenomenon, seen in Italy in the 14th c. was attributed to a tarantula bite, causing people to jump around, dance wildly, tear at their clothes, and beat each other with whips?

Tarantism

According to cognitive theory, which of the following statements is true about people diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

They believe that worrying ca help them avoid bad events

Children with oppositional defiant disorder show abnormalities in the

amygdala

___ emphasises on consequences of reinforcement and punishment on behavior

behaviorism

Under a managed care system, primary care physicians:

can coordinate services offered by other providers such as drug treatment

The reformulated learned helplessness theory on

casual attributions or an explanation of way an event happened.

People with depression tend to show

chronic hyperactivity in the HPA axis.

Terrence has been seeing a therapist for his recurrent panic attacks. His therapist teaches him relaxation techniques to help him gain control over his anxiety symptoms. Terrence is also taught to identify the thoughts that are intrusive and aggravate his symptoms. He is encouraged to note these thoughts in a daily journal. Terrence's therapist is most likely using _____ to treat his panic disorder.

cognitive- behavioral therapies

In ____, individuals can practice their feared behaviors in front of others while also building social skills

cognitive-behavioral therapy in a group setting

Jessica had a car accident while crossing an icy bridge. She now maps out her routes to avoid traveling over bridges. This avoidance helps to reduce her anxiety. In this example, Jessica has developed a(n) _____.

conditioned avoidance response

In the context of cultural relativism, when the slave trade was active in the US, slaves who tried to escape bondage could be diagnosed with a mental disease that was said to have caused them to

desire freedom from their masters

"Conduct Disorder and Callous-unemotional traits in youth" Two types of psychosocial intervention are effective in reducing conduct problems. One targets _____ and the other ____

diverse behaviors with the use of multiple treatment components; facilitates proper child-rearing practices

One major difference between hypomania and mania is that the symptoms of hypomania

do not involve hallucinations

Julie has been diagnosed with ornithophobia—the fear of birds. For her treatment, her therapist makes her sit in a room filled with caged birds for several hours. Which behavioral treatment in being used in this situation?

flooding

learned helplessness theory suggests that

frequent stressful events can make people believe their situation is uncontrollable.

Judith worries daily about whether her husband made it safely to work, how her children are getting on in school, what she should cook for dinner, and if the family will be satisfied with the meal she prepares. Judith is sluggish most of the time, and has trouble concentrating on positive things. Judith is most likely suffering from:

generalized anxiety disorder

Sara feels as though every aspect of her life is dismal. She has a pessimistic attitude toward her family, friends, and important events in her life. She views everything on the dark side, and she does not believe that positive thinking is useful in her situation. Sara is most likely exhibiting _____.

hopelessness depression

Higo is cunning, charismatic, and sadistic. he never accepts responsibility for his actions and blames his illegal activities on watching violent p*n as a child. He most likely____

is a sociopath

Logan showed behavioral problems in preschool, and they only seem to have gotten worse as he has gotten older. He is more likely to continue to engage in antisocial behaviors into adulthood then kids who developed the behavioral patterns at a later age, a pattern called:

life-course-persistent antisocial behavior

A person filled with grandiose self-esteem, displaying rapid speech and impulsive behaviors, and showing an elevated, expansive, or irritable mood for at least one week is exhibiting symptoms of

mania

Lee is a high school teacher. He has difficulty grading his papers because he constantly checks and rechecks the students' answers. He fears that he has made a mistake in the calculations. Lee's checking routines are not limited to his students' work. He also checks the locks on his classroom door several times before leaving school, and performs these kinds of rituals at home as well. Lee is most likely exhibiting:

obsessive- compulsive disorder

Humberto often loses his temper, argues with his teacher and parents, and his parents report he is vindictive. He is not aggressive toward people or shoplifts but he is hostile in general. Humberto is likely to have a _____.

oppositional defiant disorder

Bart has been diagnosed with major depression. Recently he has been experiencing hallucinations. He sees mystical beings cloaked in white swooping down from the sky trying to "whisk" him away. Bart is most likely experiencing major depression with _____.

psychotic

The treatment developed by Albert ellis for emotional problems is called

rational-emotive therapy

In terms of antisocial behavior, girls appear to engage is ____, such as excluding their peers, gossiping about them, and colluding with others to damage the social status of their targets, more so than boys

relational aggression

Albert Bandura argued that people's beliefs about their ability to execute the behaviors necessary to control important events, which he called ____ beliefs, are crucial in determining people's well-being

self-efficacy

Anna is terrified of speaking in public. She always finds an excuse to avoid public speaking or gets someone to speak for her. Once Anna had a full-blown panic attack when her boss called on her unexpectedly to speak at a meeting. Anna is most likely exhibiting symptoms of:

social anxiety disorder

Which of the following statements is true about social anxiety disorder

social anxiety disorder often co-occurs with mood disorders and other anxiety disorders

Patrick is a Vietnam War veteran who has a recurring nightmare of being on the frontline. Any sound that remotely resembles gunfire makes him anxious. Although he has been suffering for years with this problem, he now decides to seek treatment. His psychologist has suggests that he identify the thoughts and situations that evoke anxiety and rank them. His psychologist begins to help him work through each situation by using relaxation techniques. This technique is called:

systematic desensitization

Identify the movement that was launched in 1963 by President Kennedy to provide coordinate mental health services to people in locao facilities

the community mental health movement

Margaret is a 27-year-old soccer mom who never misses her daughter's games. Her friends argue that her behavior is embarrassing, and she is making a fool of herself when she repeatedly yells and jumps to her feet. Margaret insists that no one is paying attention to her behavior and states, "It's a soccer game—people are expected to get excited!" Which of the following should determine whether Margaret's behavior is abnormal?

the context in which it is performed

which is true of the distress criterion for abnormality

the individual must suffer as a result of the behavior.

the 19th c reformation movement that included rest, relaxation, and prayer in the treatment of mental illnesses was called

the mental hygiene movement

Philipe Pinel, a leader in the moral treatment movement, ordered that the chains be removed from patients because he believed that

the patients' health could be improved by restoring their dignity and tranquility

which of the following is true of psychic epidemics

they are now under study from a social psychology perspective

Patricia begins to talk to her therapist as if he is her father. She also reacts with extreme fear as she did when she was a child. This is an example of _____.

transference