unit 1-2 test
Which of the following was most responsible for the initial spread of Islam to West Africa?
Merchants on the trans-Saharan trade routes
In the period between 1000 to 1450, which of the following were two occupations pursued by large numbers of African and European women?
Midwife and healer
A historian researching the effects of the Crusades on the diffusion of technology would probably find which of the following sources most useful?
Monks' translations of Arabic mathematics texts brought from conquered territories
Which of the following best supports the conclusion that Japan borrowed extensively from Tang and Song China?
Societal relations in Japan were based on Confucian principles of hierarchy.
The photograph above of a mosque (first erected in the fourteenth century) in the modern-day West African country of Mali best exemplifies which of the following historical processes?
Spread of religion along trade routes
Which of the following was the most important factor in the spread of the bubonic plague in Eurasia?
The Mongol expansion from central Asia to China, eastern Europe, and the Middle East
Which of the following statements is accurate about the Mongols during the 1200s and 1300s?
The Mongols facilitated the diffusion of many Chinese inventions.
The mortality depicted in the image most directly contributed to which of the following changes in Europe in the late fourteenth and fifteenth centuries?
The decline of serfdom
Which of the following resulted from the fragmentation of the Mongol Empire following the death of Genghis Khan?
The development of khanates in Central Asia
In the period 600 C.E. to 1450 C.E., merchant diaspora communities, such as those of Muslims in India, Chinese in Southeast Asia, and Jews in the Mediterranean, had which of the following in common?
They generally introduced their own cultural practices into the local cultures.
Which of the following is an accurate comparison of the political systems in western Europe and China during the time period 1000—1300?
Western Europe developed multiple monarchies, while China maintained a single empire.
Which of the following statement regarding the tenets of Islam is accurate?
Islam is a monotheistic religion.
Taken together, the two images best support which of the following conclusions?
African societies combined a patriarchal power structure with cultural traditions that gave women a prominent place in social and cultural life.
Angkor Wat in Southeast Asia built circa 1100 C.E., shown above, reflects which of the following world historical processes?
Angkor Wat in Southeast Asia built circa 1100 C.E., shown above, reflects which of the following world historical processes?
All of the following statements are factually accurate. Which would best support the author's argument in the passage?
Archaeological evidence suggests that iron metallurgy spread across sub-Saharan Africa in several distinct waves, separated by hundreds of years.
In the period 1000 to 1450, which of the following developments partially resulted from knowledge of Greek science and technology?
Islamic medical books in Baghdad
The burial depicted in the image most likely resulted from the spread of which of the following?
Bubonic plague
Which of the following pairs of belief systems offered opportunities for women to lead monastic lives?
Buddhism and Christianity
Which of the following developments best explains why many historians argue that the Song dynasty period (960-1279 C.E.) was pivotal in the development of China as an economic world power?
China's population doubled and Chinese urban centers experienced massive growth during the Song period.
Which of the following historical continuities is best reflected in the image?
Chinese art continued to emphasize traditional subjects and styles.
Which of the following societies engaged in extensive maritime trade well beyond their borders in the fifteenth century?
Chinese in the Indian Ocean
Which of the great religious systems below were characterized by monotheism combined with a sacred text and a strong missionary thrust?
Christianity and Islam
Which of the following most directly contributed to the decline of Eurasian urban populations during the fourteenth century?
Epidemic disease
Which of the following was the main reason that Buddhist thought had important social implications for South Asia?
It challenged hierarchies based on caste.
The photograph above shows a fourteenth century C.E. mosque in the city of Xi'an, central China. This image most clearly supports which of the following conclusions about the spread of Islam?
Early Muslim communities in China adopted local architectural styles for their religious buildings.
Between 200 B.C.E. and 1450 C.E., the Silk Roads linked which of the following?
East Asia and the Mediterranean Sea
As Islam spread between 1200 and 1600, it affected gender relations in which of the following ways?
Existing local customs regarding marriage and the role of women blended with Islamic models.
The lines on the map above illustrate which of the following?
Extent of trade routes
The act of the countess of Béarn in the image is most closely identified with which of the following political systems?
Feudalism
Which of the following contributed to the Chinese government's decision to stop voyages of exploration in the Indian Ocean in the early fifteenth century?
Government concern with domestic problems and frontier security
Which of the following is true of the expeditions of Chinese Admiral Zheng He in the early 1400s?
He sailed to ports on the Indian Ocean coastline, including those in East Africa.
The photograph above of Angkor Wat in Cambodia is an example of
Hindu influence in Southeast Asia
Which of the following best describes a claim made in the first paragraph?
Hindu rulers had constructed irrigation works to control the Kaveri River.
Which of the following pieces of evidence does the author use to support his argument about the pride of Inca rulers in the second paragraph?
Inca rulers typically tried to construct bigger and broader highways than their predecessors if they wanted to undertake conquests.
Which of the following lists three places Ibn Battuta, the fourteenth-century Muslim traveler, visited?
India, Mali, and Persia
Which of the following is true of commerce in the Indian Ocean during the time period 1000-1450?
Indian Ocean commerce flourished and was conducted by a mixture of Asian, Middle Eastern, and East African merchants.
Trade spurred the introduction of both Islam and Hinduism to what is now called
Indonesia
Which of the following best explains why trade along the trans-Saharan trade networks increased in the period 1200-1450 ?
Innovations in previously existing transportation technologies, such as the caravan, allowed merchants to carry larger loads and protect themselves.
Which of the following led most directly to the development of the trading network on the map?
Innovations in transportation and commercial technologies such as caravanserai
Which of the following best explains an effect of the expansion of the Mali Empire on the trans-Saharan trade networks?
It facilitated commercial growth by expanding the number of people participating in the trade networks.
Based on the maps and your knowledge of world history, which of the following best describes the effect of the spread of Islam on Indian Ocean trade?
It led to the expansion and intensification of commerce along already existing trade routes.
Which of the following is an accurate statement about the Mongol Empire?
It reestablished the Silk Road between East Asia and Europe.
The image most directly illustrates which of the following features of the political development of medieval Europe?
Its decentralization, as European rulers frequently delegated authority to local subordinates.
Which of the following did the Mongol armies fail to conquer, and why?
Japan, because severe storms aided the experienced Japanese naval forces
In addition to China, the cultural tradition alluded to in Liu Guandao's painting strongly influenced the society and culture of
Korea
Which of the following was an important continuity in the social structure of states and empires in the period 600 B.C.E. to 1450 C.E.?
Landholding aristocracies tended to be the dominant class.
In Europe, political relationships of the type depicted in the image emerged most directly on account of which of the following developments?
Local elites' need for military protection from more powerful lords
Which of the following staple crops is most associated with the rise of Mesoamerican civilizations?
Maize
The map above indicates that
Mali was a major source and hub of the gold trade
Which of the following factors best explains the distribution of Muslim populations shown on the map above?
Merchant activity
Which of the following ideas was given to Muslims on the authority of the Qur'an?
Moses and Jesus were both great prophets sent by God for the benefit of humanity.
Which of the following characterized the trans-Saharan trade by 1250 C.E.?
Muslim merchants dominated the trade.
Muslim scholars' incorporation of cultural and intellectual influences from pre-Islamic societies can best be used as evidence that
Muslim states and empires were central to the processes of intellectual transfer in Eurasia
Developments such as the one depicted in the painting most directly contributed to which of the following in Afro-Eurasia in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries?
Peasant revolts against taxation and coercive labor systems
The events described in the passage represent a reaction against which of the following forms of coerced labor?
Serfdom
Based on the passage, which of the following most strongly influenced Dara Shikoh's religious views?
Sufism
Based on Ibn Battuta's description of the sultan of Sumatra in the first paragraph, his point of view could most likely be characterized as that of a
Sunni Muslim jurist who believes that a Muslim ruler should patronize the religious elite and seek to expand Islam
Which of the following languages came into existence after 1000 as the direct result of expanding global trade patterns?
Swahili
Which of the following pieces of evidence does the author most directly use to support his argument about the king of Spain following the Inca method of highway construction?
The Inca rulers only had to command their officials to construct a highway, and it was completed quickly.
The map above shows which of the following empires at its greatest extent?
The Mongol Empire
A historian would most likely cite which of the following claims made in the second paragraph to demonstrate that Hindu teachings influenced the development of South Asian societies?
The absence of dharma has caused nobleness and character to disappear.
Which of the following was the most important factor in the spread of Islam in Southeast Asia in the period circa 1250-1500 C.E.?
The activities of Muslim traders and Sufi missionaries
Dara Shikoh's views about the value of the Upanishads, as expressed in the second paragraph, are most likely based on which of the following features of Hinduism?
The belief in an ultimate universal principle
The expansion of the Mongol Empire most directly led to which of the following political developments in Afro-Eurasia?
The collapse of previously existing states, such as the Song dynasty of China
The excerpt above best represents which aspect of Hinduism?
The cyclical nature of death and rebirth
Which of the following best explains why, in the mid fourteenth century, events of the type depicted in the image were more common in urban areas of Afro-Eurasia than in rural or mountainous regions?
The disease principally spread along trade routes, and most commerce occurred in urban areas.
Amin Maalouf, The Crusades Through Arab Eyes, 1984 The passage above best illustrates which of the following?
The effects of interregional contact on the development of European culture and technology
Malian Emperor Mansa Musa's pilgrimage to Mecca in 1324 can best be understood in the context of which of the following?
The expansion of Islam throughout Afro-Eurasia
Which of the following best explains a development in the trans-Saharan trade networks in the period 1200-1450 ?
The geographic range of the networks increased because of improved commercial practices.
The first paragraph most directly illustrates how increasing regional interactions led to which of the following developments in the Indian Ocean in the period 1200-1450?
The introduction of new cultural traditions
Which of the following statements about the Mongol Empire of the thirteenth century is true?
The invasion of Japan was attempted but was unsuccessful.
Which of the following is a claim made by the petitioner in the third paragraph?
The king has the support of the gods in his efforts to drive Muslims out of Madurai.
The illustration above shows which of the following about the fifteenth century?
The relative size of the European caravel and the Ming treasure ship
Which of the following was a major cause for the growth of cities throughout Afro-Eurasia from 800 C.E. to 1350 C.E.?
The rise of interregional commerce
The maritime trade connections involving East Africa shown on Map 1 provided a setting for which of the following developments?
The spread of Islam
The scene depicted in the painting is best understood in the context of which of the following wider Afro-Eurasian developments?
The spread of epidemic diseases
The passage by al-Khatib is best understood in the context of which of the following?
The spread of the Black Death in the aftermath of the Mongol conquests
The ninth-century monument pictured above, located on the island of Java in present-day Indonesia, best exemplifies which of the following historical processes?
The spread of universalizing religions beyond their places of origin
The increased food production accompanying the introduction of Champa rice into China from Vietnam during the eleventh century best illustrates which of the following?
The stimulation of agriculture by technological innovation
Abbasid reliance on Persian bureaucrats and the introduction of Confucianism to Japanese political institutions both illustrate which of the following processes?
The synthesis of foreign political traditions in the formation of new states
Which of the following best describes a way in which the table illustrates how the spread of rice cultivation contributed to changing the total amount of land devoted to the production of agricultural crops in China, India, and the Middle East between 1200 and 1300 ?
The total amount of land devoted to the production of agricultural crops declined in all three regions.
Which of the following was a significant effect of the Polynesian migrations in the Pacific in the period from 600 C.E. to 1450 C.E.?
The transfer of domesticated plant and animal species to new islands in the Pacific
Marco Polo described which of the following at Kublai Khan's court that he had not encountered in Europe?
The use of paper money and coal and the practice of frequent bathing
The excerpt above best illustrates which of the following attributes of Confucianism?
The virtues and duties of family members
Judaism, Christianity, and Islam share which of the following?
They recognize the existence of Adam and of Moses.
Which of the following pieces of evidence most strongly supports the author's arguments about the quality of the highways described in the passage?
They were very broad, and some extended across the entire kingdom.
Which of the following was the major contributing factor to the spread of the plague to Cairo, Beijing, and Florence in the fourteenth century?
Trade along the Mongol road system across Central Asia
The map above demonstrates which of the following about the Indian Ocean trade?
Trade involved most of the regions bordering the Indian Ocean as well as China.
During the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, territories under Mongol control benefited from which of the following?
Trade that tied several distinct regional networks together
From the founding of each religion, Christians and Muslims shared a belief in
a single omnipotent deity
Inca and Aztec societies were similar in that both
acquired empires by means of military conquest
All of the following were part of the Confucian social order EXCEPT
chastity by husbands
The Mongol conquests of much of Eurasia in the thirteenth century tended to encourage trade along the Silk Roads primarily by
decreasing the risk of bandit attacks and reducing the number of local rulers collecting tribute from trade caravans
The founder of Buddhism developed a religion centered on
elimination of desire and suffering
Muslim scientists in the period before 1450 c.e. generally participated in intellectual and scholarly exchanges with neighboring cultures by
expanding upon the legacy of earlier scientific works by conducting their own research
The commercial practices shown in the images emerged in order to
facilitate a growing trade in luxury goods by providing greater access to credit and currency.
The sponsoring of scholarship by Turkic dynasties, such as the Timurids, best shows that, in the period circa 1200-1450, scholarly activities in the Muslim world continued despite the
fragmentation of the Abbasid Caliphate
The trade networks described by the two sources were most strongly influenced by
increased European demand for luxury goods
The purpose of Ibn Battuta's account was most likely to
inform his audience about the cultural, political, and economic characteristics of the places he visited
The term "samurai" describes men in feudal Japan who were most like the men in feudal Europe known as
knights
space: unit 2
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The responsibilities of aristocratic women in both feudal Japan and medieval Europe usually included
managing household supplies and finances
By 1200 C.E. Improved agricultural technology had spread throughout much of sub-Saharan Africa primarily through the
migration of Bantu-speaking peoples with their knowledge of ironworking
A significant example of the interaction among Indian, Arab, and European societies by 1200 C.E. was the transfer of knowledge of
numerals and the decimal system
The second passage does not support the first passage because the second passage
presents an incident in which a military order supported a Muslim traveler
The Chinese concept "Mandate of Heaven" was sometimes used to justify
rebellion
The image can best be used as a source of information about the
social prestige of established educated elites in Chinese society under Mongol rule
Ibn Battuta traveled widely across the Middle East, South Asia, Southeast Asia, and Africa in the fourteenth century. His travels serve as evidence for the
unifying influence of Islam