unit 1 anatomical terms - biol 240

structures around the heart in order from most superficial to deep

1. parietal pericardium 2. pericardial cavity 3. visceral pericardium

A group of cells working together for a common function

A group of cells working together is a tissue

An organ is best described as which of the following?

A structure composed of at least two different tissues, with recognizable boundaries, and with a discrete function

Identify the functions of the meninges

Anchoring spinal cord to vertebral column and protecting nerve tissue

Identify the subdivisions of the trunk.

abdominal and thoracic region

what are the subdivisions of the trunk?

abdominal region, cranial region, and thoracic region

The abdominopelvic cavity is divided into the

abdominal, pelvic

The common frame of reference used by anatomists to describe the relationship between body parts is called ______ position.

anatomical

A portion of the mesentery positioned towards the anterior abdominal wall is called the _______.

anterior mesentry

The directional term indicating towards the front of the body is

anterior or ventral

The upper and lower limbs compose the ____________, Correct Unavailable region of the body.

appendicular

the smallest particle of matter with unique chemical properties:

atom

The major body region that includes the head, neck, and trunk is the _____ region

axial

The two major body regions are the ________ and ________ regions.

axial, appendicular

The anatomical term for the upper arm region is _____

brachial

Identify the areas included in the upper limb

brachial, carpal, and manual

The basic structural and functional unit of life is the _____.

cell

The smallest unit of an organism that can carry out all the functions of life is a:

cell

a _______ section divides the body into anterior and posterior sections

coronal

anatomical term for lower leg

crural

The directional term that indicates being farther from the body's surface is

deep

The ribs are _____ to the skin and _____ to the lungs.

deep,superficial

anatomical term for toes

digits

Parasagittal (off center) plane

divide the body into unequal right and left portions.

A median plane divides the body into _____.

equal right and left halves

saggital plane

extends vertically and divides the body (or an organ) into right and left portions

coronal (frontal) plane

extends vertically, but it is perpendicular to the sagittal plane and divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions

True or false: A tissue is more complex than an organ.

false: organs are more complex

The anatomical term for the thigh region is _____

femoral

A _______ section divides the body into anterior and posterior sections.

frontal

The peritoneal fold that hangs over the front of the intestines and is described as a "fatty apron" is called the _____?

greater omentum

The abdominal region is ______ to the thoracic region

inferior

the directional term that means "below" is

inferior

Organs that are surrounded by peritoneum in the abdominal cavity are described as ______.

intraperitoneal

The directional term that indicates farther away from the midline of the body is

lateral

The peritoneal fold that extends from the stomach to the liver is called the

lesser omentum

The region between one joint and the next is called a ______.

limb

The cheeks are _______ to the ears and _______ to the nose.

medial, lateral

The portion of the posterior mesentery that suspends the large intestine is called the

mesocolon

a ________ made up of two or more atoms.

molecule

where are the head and pelvic organs commonly illustrated?

on the medium plane

Any anatomical structure that is composed of at least two different tissue types, has recognizable structural boundaries, and has a discrete function different from the structures around it is a(n) _________.

organ

A group of organs working together for a coordinated function is an ______

organ system

Two or more organs, that work together for a common function / form an

organ system

A microscopic structure in a cell that carries out individual functions is known as a(n) ______

organelle

The term that indicates a single complete individual is

organism

Fill in the correct term for the following sequence: Macromolecules, organelles, cells, tissues, ______, organ systems, organism

organs

transverse (horizontal) plane

passes across the body or an organ perpendicular to its long axis; it divides the body or organ into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) portions

midsagittal (median) plane

passes through the midline of the body and divides it into EQUAL right and left halves

anatomical term for foot

pedal

the two-layered serous membrane around the heart is called the

pericardium

the ___________ sac is the membrane-lined cavity of the abdomen

peritoneal sac

The double-layered serous membrane found in the abdominopelvic cavity is the

peritoneum

The serous membrane around each lung is called the ______.

pleura

The directional term indicating towards the back of the body is

posterior

The anatomical term that describes the forearm when the palms are facing down or posteriorly is ______.

pronated

The anatomical term that describes a person lying face down is _____.

prone

The abdominal region can be divided into segments. Which scheme uses two perpendicular lines to divide the abdomen?

quadrant

_________ are created by two intersecting lines

quadrants

The abdominal region can be divided into segments. Which scheme uses four lines intersecting in a tic-tac-toe grid dividing the abdomen?

regions

Organs, such as the kidneys, positioned on the posterior abdominal cavity wall, outside the double layer of peritoneum, are described as being ______.

retroperitoneal

A sagittal plane divides an organ into ______ portions.

right and left

When the visceral peritoneum is wrapped around an organ, it forms a layer of the organ called the

serosa

The thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities are lined with ____ membranes

serous

What type of membranes line the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities?

serous

Identify the statements that describe a person in anatomical position.

standing upright, feet flat on the floor, and palms directed forward

A transverse plane divides the body into ______ portions.

superior and inferior

The anatomical term that describes the forearm when the palms are facing up or anteriorly is ______.

supinated

A group of organs working together for a coordinated function is an organ ______

system

anatomical term for ankle

tarsal

An aggregation of cells and extracellular materials, which perform a discrete function, is known as a(n)

tissues

what plane divides the body into top and bottom portions?

transverse plane

The thoracic and abdominal regions are subdivisions of the ______.

trunk

Identify the components of the appendicular region

upper and lower limbs

what membrane surrounds the lungs?

visceral pleura