Unit 11 Digestive and Excretory System
Functions
-Directly responsible for maintaining the volume and composition of most body fluids -Dispose of liquid wastes including excess water and salts -Control body fluid composition
How to take care
-balanced diet -drink lots of H2O -exercise -Do NOT smoke...it contributes to digestive problems such as heartburn, ulcers, and gallstones
FUN FACT 9
About 440 gallons of blood flow through the kidneys each and every day!
FUN FACTS 3
Bird swallow food using their stomach and gizzard which is similar to our teeth.
Taking care 2
Eating healthy foods drink plenty of fluids - Water has a dual role in the process. First, it flushes your body systems, removing toxins and carrying them out of the body. Second, it helps deliver the nutrients your cells need to perform all functions If you're not constantly replenishing your body's water supply, your body reserves its water for its most essential functions Drink eight glasses of water each day to keep your excretory system nourished and functioning properly getting regular exercise
FUN FACT 12
Every day the nephrons send about six cups of urine to the bladder.
Diseases / Conditions of the digestive system
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is also known as heartburn or acid reflux disease. This condition is caused by the abnormal reflux of the contents in the stomach (including acids) to the esophagus.
FUN FACTS 6
In an average person, it takes 8 seconds for food to travel down the food pipe, 3-5 hours in small intestine and 3-4 days in the large intestine.
Excretory system includes
Kidneys Bladder Urethra Ureters
FUN FACTS 4
Liver is the largest and heaviest internal organ of the body and weighs about 1.6 kilograms.
Diseases/Conditions of the excretory system
Problems in the urinary system include kidney failure, urinary tract infections, kidney stones, prostate enlargement, and bladder control problems Cancer can affect both the kidney and the bladder People can live healthy with one functioning kidney. However, when about 90% of kidney function has been lost, a person can only survive by having dialysis. Dialysis works by using a machine that replicates the blood-cleaning function of healthy kidneys. In the most extreme cases of kidney failure, survival depends on the person receiving a donor organ
FUN FACTS
Salivary glands produce chemicals which lubricate food - the digestive process begins here - and causes physical and chemical changes.
FUN FACTS 2
The digestive system converts food to usable molecules that can be absorbed to supply energy to the body cells.
FUN FACTS 7
The human body takes 6 hours to digest a high fat meal and takes 2 hours for a carbohydrate meal.
structure and function relatation
The intestines are long and have increased surface area to obtain the highest absorption rate.
FUN FACTS 5
The liver is the only organ of the body, which has the capacity to regenerate itself even after being removed almost completely.
FUN FACT 11
The nephrons clean all your blood in 45 minutes.
large intestine info
Water is absorbed
FUN FACT 8
Your blood passes through the kidneys 300 times a day.
FUN FACT 10
Your kidneys have about a million structures that filter out liquids and wastes.
structure and function relation 2
eliminates cellular wastes from the body through the lungs and kidneys
Kidney structure info
located behind the intestines; removes waste; filter blood that has collected wastes from your body's cells; regulates chemical composition of blood; maintains homeostasis (the kidney is essential in maintaining the correct amount of water in the blood)
small intestine structure
most of the chemical digestion and nutrients are absorbed
Main function of system
mostly responsible for taking in nutrient food molecules and getting rid of solid waste products
Digestive Sytem Includes
mouth esophagus stomach small intestine large intestine liver pancreas
Mouth structure
physical (mechanical) and chemical digestion occurs
stomach structure
physical (mechanical) and chemical digestion occurs
liver structure
produces bile, helps break down medicines and fats
Pancreas structure
produces insulin, which helps lower your blood sugar
esophagus structure
smooth muscle, transports food to stomach by peristalsis (a series of wave-like muscle contractions that moves food to different processing stations in the digestive tract that begins in the esophagus - even if you do a headstand)
Ureter structure info
tubes of smooth muscle that connect the kidneys to the bladder; urine travels through this tube to the bladder
Bladder structure info
urine is stored in the urinary bladder until it is eliminated from the body
Urethra structure info
urine leaves the body through the urethra
