Unit 2 FRQs - AP Gov

9b) EXPLAIN how an ideological perspective corresponds to the policy response described in part A

(2-3) liberals/left want to expand gov. spending to support workers, expanding retraining would expand gov. Spending to support workers

7c) choose one of the forms of participation you described in b and EXPLAIN why it was effective in changing civil rights policies

(2-3) litigation - court rulings led to tangible legal changes in how civil rights were distributed Protests - protests brought national attention to civil rights issues, such as protests which led to the President ordering the national guard to protect the first black student to attend a white school

3a) IDENTIFY a year from the line graph when there was a decline in the % of fed. Election spending by outside groups.

(1) 2005 or 2013

6a) IDENTIFY the political affiliation of people who are most likely to believe elected officials should compromise.

(1) Democrat

2a) IDENTIFY a state with a state income tax rate between 2% and 5%

(1) Michigan

5a) IDENTIFY the issue that the greatest % of democrats believe should be a top priority in 2019

(1) healthcare

4b) IDENTIFY a trend shown in the graph above

(1) polarization generally increased after WII

4a) DEFINE party polarization.

(1) when parties are increasingly divided on issues and they become increasingly radical or reactionary

8a) referencing the scenario, DESCRIBE the function being carried out by the FCC

(2-3 sentences) FCC is decreasing gov. regulation over internet providers, repealing net neutrality with a proposal and a vote

8b) EXPLAIN how interest groups can affect the process described in part A

(2-3 sentences) IGs can lobby Congress by meeting w/ and informing congressmen about net neutrality and why it should/shouldn't be repealed.

9c) EXPLAIN how core American values could be affected by technological innovations in the economy.

(2-3) American ideal of "strong working man" would be gone because automation in factories will lead to less physical labor.

3c) DRAW A CONCLUSION as to why that overall trend occurred after 2010.

(2-3) Citizens United v FEC (2010)

8c) in dec. of 2017, the FCC created the rule ending net neutrality. EXPLAIN how Congress could respond to the decision made by the FCC if it opposes the new rule.

(2-3) Congress could use congressional review. W/ majority vote, they could cancel the repeal and permanently block it. Could also defund FCC as punishment.

6b) DESCRIBE the difference between D and R on their attitudes of whether the gov. Officials should stick to their principles, based on the data in the bar graph.

(2-3) D compromise, R stick to principles.

10c) The passage suggests that greater transparency in the federal reserve will help workers and create more equitable prosperity for average Americans. Suppose the de,lucrative party wants to create a statement about helping workers and reducing inequality in their party platform. EXPLAIN how the ideological perspective of the Democratic Party would likely affect how it would address these economic issues.

(2-3) Democrats are liberal, they think that the best way to address economic inequality would be to increase government regulation over the federal reserve to make it more transparent or equitable or fair.

5b) DESCRIBE a difference between Democrats and Republicans on which issues they believe should be a top priority

(2-3) Democrats more concerned with welfare, Republicans more concerned with national security

4d) DESCRIBE 1 effect of party polarization on congressional policy making

(2-3) Gridlock is more common

7b) Facing discrimination at the voting booth, many African American citizens turned to alternative forms of political participation. DESCRIBE 2 alternative forms of participation that helped bring about changes in civil rights policies.

(2-3) Protests and litigation

6d) EXPLAIN how the data in the bar graph could affect policy making interactions between the President and Congress

(2-3) R and D push for more compromise bc they see independent voters like compromise and therefore it could win them an election.

6c) EXPLAIN how the data in the bar graph could influence how a Republican candidate would shift his or her campaign positions after securing the Republican nomination for President

(2-3) R candidate might shift positions to be more open to compromise in order to win over independents that like compromise

2d) EXPLAIN how state income tax rates, as illustrated on the map, demonstrates the varied perspectives on economic policy-making

(2-3) States w/ higher tax rates = liberal economics with bigger gov., more gov. Spending, and higher taxes to pay for it all States w/ lower tax rates = conservative economics w/ smaller gov, less gov spending, and lower taxes bc it takes away financial freedom from people

1c) EXPLAIN why CA, TX, & NY don't appear prominently on the cartoon above

(2-3) These are "safe states" for either party, the candidates don't need to campaign in these states in order to guarantee a majority of the vote.

10b) in the context of this section of the Republican Party platform, EXPLAIN how the action to increase transparency and accountability described in part A would affect the federal reserve's ability to make economic policy.

(2-3) audit would require federal reserve to disclose exactly how it's spending its money and could be used by Congressmen to release to the general public or as evidence in a case to make budget cuts on the federal reserve. These budget cuts would make policy making less possible due to a lack of funding.

9a) DESCRIBE a governmental policy response to the technological changes depicted in the excerpt.

(2-3) bill to require retraining & expansion of unemployment, or policy changes to existing legislation regarding these issues

2c) DRAW A CONCLUSION about how ideologies of the political parties shaped the pattern described in part b

(2-3) blue states, where Democrats have control of the state gov. and fed. representatives, have higher taxes bc D believe in increasing size of gov. and gov. spending, which would require increasing taxes to increase budget. Republicans want the opposite

2b) DESCRIBE a pattern on the map

(2-3) coastal states/blue states have higher income tax. In land or red states have lower income tax

3d) EXPLAIN how fed. elections have changed based on the data presented in the line graph

(2-3) fed. Elections more and more funded and campaigned for by outside groups like interest groups or PACs. This is because citizens United v FEC made it so IGs could spend unlimited money campaigning for candidates

10a) referencing the scenario, DECRIBE an action, other than advancing legislation, that members of Congress may take to bring transparency and accountability to the federal reserve.

(2-3) gov. Accountability office can audit and inquire about federal reserve spending, or Congress could cut the federal reserve's budget in response to secrecy.

5d) EXPLAIN how the info. In the chart could be used by candidates running for office

(2-3) if running on D or R platform, could use info to specify which issues to focus on based on importance to their party

1a) DESCRIBE one reason that the framers chose to use the electoral college as the method to elect the President

(2-3) in case the masses weren't educated, so voting and counting votes wouldn't take so long

3b) DESCRIBE an overall trend in the data after 2010.

(2-3) increasing % of spending by outside groups after 2010.

5c) DRAW A CONCLUSION about why the parties differ on the issues shown on the chart

(2-3) party ideologies different. Democrats value equality and spend gov. Money to guarantee it. Republicans value liberty and spend gov. Money to protect liberty through national security

1b) DESCRIBE the message the cartoon conveys about presidential elections

(2-3) presidential candidates have skewed views of the importance of each state because they only have to visit certain swing states due to the electoral college & winner take all system

1d) DESCRIBE 2 campaign tactics presidential candidates use to win key states identified in the cartoon above

(4-6) Focus campaign efforts and spending on these states (more ads, more visits). Shift campaign platform to cover issues important to these states, (In Iowa, candidates preach about being pro-corn or pro-farmer)

4c) DESCRIBE 2 causes of party polarization in congress

(4-6) Need to excite voters by being extreme, gain media attention by being extreme, and party platforms are growing apart

7a) EXPLAIN how 2 measures taken by some states prior to the 1960s affected voter turnout among African American ctizens

(4-6) Poll taxes and literacy tests decrease turn out