Unit 2- Microbiology (Biology B)

The members of the phylum______are all parasitic.

Apicomplexa

Kingdoms where all prokaryotes are classified:

Archaea Eubacteria

The fuzzy-looking structures in a mold colony are called sporangium.

False

The cell wall of fungi is composed of chitin, the same material found in the exoskeleton of a lobster.

True

All known diseases caused by prions affect the___________ of the host organism.

nervous system

The earth's oceans have a salinity of approximately 3.5% while the Dead Sea has a salinity of approximately___________ .

30%-35%

________is the structure which is not part of the process of phagocytosis in a ciliate.

Cytoplasmic Bridge

_____________is composed of large deposits of the silicon exoskeletons of members of the phylum Bacillariophyta.

Diatomaceous earth

The kingdom_________ contains prokaryotic organisms.

Eubacteria

Ascomycota is an example of a kingdom.

False

Fungi are prokaryotes.

False

_______is the structure within a protozoan where enzymes are secreted to digest.

Food Vacuole

Kingdoms where all eukaryotes are classified:

Fungi Plantae Protista Animalia

______________ is caused by four known Plasmodium species which rely on a mosquito insect vector.

Malaria

The reasons that members of the phylum Chytridiomycota are sometimes grouped in the kingdom Protista, rather than the kingdom Fungi.

Most members are aquatic. The reproductive cells have flagellum.

___________is the material found in the bacterial cell wall that forms a molecular basis of the Gram stain.

Peptidoglycan

Who is credited with discovering penicillin?

Sir Alexander Fleming

A zygospore is the product of sexual reproduction.

True

Fungi are commonly grouped as sac fungi or club fungi, based on the structure of their fruiting bodies.

True

Which item is NOT associated with the phylum Rhodophyta?

algin

Two parts of the Plasmodium erythrocytic cycle affect the human host in the follow ways. The______is responsible for the clinical symptoms of malaria in one human host, and the___________releases spores into the human's blood that make it possible for the malaria to be passed on to a________ and then to another human.

asexual portion sexual portion mosquito

First,_______ stain is applied, a series of rinses are used, and then a___________stain is applied_________. A___________bacteria culture will stain purple or blue, while a__________ bacteria culture will stain pink.

crystal violet safranine Gram-positive Gram-negative

The thread-like structures which are the building blocks of fungi are called___________ .

hyphae

Rickettsia is an example of an_________which can only replicate inside a host cell.

obligate intracellular parasite

Bacteria which are part of the normal flora may cause disease when the immune system is compromised. This ailment is called a(n)___________.

opportunistic infection

Which substance is responsible for the red color in red algae?

phycoerythrin

During a latent infection caused by a virus, the viral replication is ______________ until some outside stimulant causes the virus to enter the lytic cycle.

postponed indefinitely

A virion is able to recognize the correct host cell when the of the______________ host cell and the viral attachment protein of the virion match up

receptor site

One of the limitations of the light microscope is the__________ .

resolving power

Bacteria share genetic material through the processes called bacterial conjugation, transformation, and________.

transduction

Through the process of________ , an amoeba creates a food vacuole where digestion continues.

phagocytosis

Select reasons why euglena have in the past been classified as protozoans.

They are motile. They have no cell wall. They have a pellicle.

The break-down of complex molecules into simpler ones is called________.

Binary Fission

___________is a group of bacteria that used to be classified as algae.

Cyanobacteria

During the feeding phase of the cellular slime mold, the organism exists as an amoeba-like body of__________that feed on organic material, bacteria, and fungus. If food becomes scarce, some of the cells of the slime mold emit a___________that other slime mold cells react to and they gather into a larger, single slimy mass. This is the slug phase because the mass looks and acts much like a slug. From the slug phase,___________will evolve and individual spores are released that are capable of becoming new individual amoeba-like cells, and they enter the feeding phase.

cells chemical fruiting bodies

Thermoacidophiles thrive in_____________ environments.

hot, acidic

The Anopheles mosquito is the__________for malaria.

insect vector

In common mold, the___________is the tiny stalk-like structure that support the fruiting bodies where spores are produced and released.

sporangiophore

Viruses which typically have a lipid covering called an envelope are released from the host cell through___________ .

viral budding

The insect vector for Plasmodium vivax is the_______

Anopheles Mosquito

Which phylum is NOT part of the kingdom Protista?

Zygomycota

Select the false statement about diatoms. -Diatom deposits are used as mild abrasives. -Diatom deposits are used as an insulator. -Diatoms provide plants with a source of fertilizer. -Diatoms are a primary food source in the earth's aquatic food chain. -Diatoms give us a glimpse at God's perfect creation in their symmetry.

Diatoms provide plants with a source of fertilizer.