Unit 2 Psych Test
Colleen received a score of 100 on an IQ test. The mean for the test is 100 and the standard deviation is 15. Assume the test had a normal distribution of scores. Colleen's score on the test was equal to or greater than the scores of what percent of people? Responses A 50 B 68 C 84 D 15
A 50
When 90-year-old Mrs. Glass socializes at her senior activity center, she gravitates toward activities that she can still perform well, which also demonstrates that her crystallized intelligence is functioning. Which of the following activities will most likely appeal to Mrs. Glass? Responses A A "name that song" game featuring songs from her childhood B A trivia game featuring current movies C A new video game in which aliens fly a spaceship D A class teaching her how to use the latest computer technology
A A "name that song" game featuring songs from her childhood
Which of the following types of test is designed to measure an individual's knowledge of a subject? Responses A Achievement B Aptitude C Projective D Interest inventory
A Achievement
Based on the data, what is the most appropriate conclusion? Responses A Distributed practice is more effective at enhancing longer-term retention of material relative to massed practice. B Distributed practice is more effective than massed practice for short-term memory. C Massed practice is more effective than distributed practice is for enhancing sensory memory. D Massed practice is more effective for longer-term retention than distributed practice is.
A Distributed practice is more effective at enhancing longer-term retention of material relative to massed practice.
The Flynn effect refers to the Responses A rise in average IQ scores over time B influence of face symmetry on raters' judgment of others C deterioration of attachment and bonding due to early environmental deprivation D evolution of different terms over time to capture the complexities of neurological conditions
A rise in average IQ scores over time
The feeling that you know someone's name, but cannot quite recall it, is an example of Responses A the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon B the serial position effect C state-dependent memory D retrograde amnesia
A the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon
After his friend said a new movie was the funniest he had seen in years, Willard found himself laughing throughout the viewing, even though the movie was not very funny. What concept is Willard demonstrating? Responses A Functional fixedness B Perceptual set C Bottom-up processing D Context-dependent memory
B Perceptual set
Maeve wants to change her college major but has decided not to because she is close to finishing. She believes that the time she has spent in her current program will be wasted if she changes now. Maeve is experiencing Responses A hindsight bias B availability bias C the sunk-cost fallacy D the self-serving bias
C the sunk-cost fallacy
Which of the following research methodologies would present the most ethical problems for studying the causes of anterograde amnesia in humans? Responses A Experiment B Naturalistic observation C Cross-sectional study D Case study
A Experiment
Dr. Adeyemi obtains IRB approval for a study examining the effects of growth mindset versus fixed mindset on people's motivation for learning new information. A Fully debrief the participants on the deception involved in the study. B Report each participant's results to the IRB. C Destroy all informed consent forms. D File the results with IRB.
A Fully debrief the participants on the deception involved in the study.
Which of the following occurs during long-term potentiation? Responses A Memory improves because neural pathways are strengthened. B Mnemonic devices are used to help retrieve information. C Memories are formed as a result of transduction. D Information is more easily remembered as a result of deep processing.
A Memory improves because neural pathways are strengthened.
While he is at soccer practice, Erwin reminds himself that he has to stop at the grocery store on the way home to pick up milk and cereal for tomorrow's breakfast. What sort of memory is Erwin using? Responses A Prospective B Flashbulb C Procedural D Semantic
A Prospective
Which of the following is always true of standardized tests? Responses A They are supposed to be administered and scored in a consistent manner. B They are supposed to be administered individually. C They are verified experimentally. D They are projective.
A They are supposed to be administered and scored in a consistent manner.
Processing every possible combination of the letters DBRI to arrive at the word BIRD is an example of the use of Responses A an algorithm B an expert system C an inference rule D a heuristic
A an algorithm
When Cory is given a logic problem to solve, he systematically tries every possible solution until he finds the correct answer. Cory's strategy is to use Responses A an algorithm B a heuristic C cognitive restructuring D insight
A an algorithm
When Amy was seven years of age, she had a babysitter from France. During this time Amy learned to speak a little French. Years later, when Amy got to college, she signed up for a beginning French class. Amy learned the material in her French class much more quickly than her classmates did. Amy's rapid learning was most likely due to Responses A implicit memory B episodic memory C spontaneous recovery D fluid intelligence
A implicit memory
Which of the following best illustrates the forgetting curve? Responses A Laurence studied for his first Spanish test by sitting down and cramming for two hours, and he studied for his second Spanish test by spacing out his studying for 30 minutes over the course of a week. He did better on the second test than the first. B Erik studied Italian in college. After he graduated, he went backpacking in Europe, where he realized he had forgotten a lot of Italian. Years later, he went on another trip to Italy and was surprised to discover that he remembered about the same amount of Italian as during his first trip. C When Ruth first moves to a new country, she keeps trying to use customs from her old country. Over time, she adjusts to her new country's ways. D Beatriz tells a story that she heard from a friend, but she cannot remember who told her the story.
B Erik studied Italian in college. After he graduated, he went backpacking in Europe, where he realized he had forgotten a lot of Italian. Years later, he went on another trip to Italy and was surprised to discover that he remembered about the same amount of Italian as during his first trip.
A test author most interested in ensuring that individuals receive similar scores on a personality test every time they take it is attempting to increase which of the following? Responses A Validity B Reliability C Experimenter-expectancy effects D Standardization
B Reliability
When Sophie reads her history assignments, she goes over them very carefully and tries to memorize each fact. Emma, on the other hand, studies by trying to relate the new information to things she has experienced, been told about by others, or seen in movies and on television. Emma's performance on history tests will probably be better than Sophie's due to differences in which of the following? Responses A selective attention B levels of processing C iconic memory D chunking
B levels of processing
In psychology, Gestalt principles are used to explain Responses A somatic behavioral disorders B perceptual organization C stimulus-detection thresholds D altered states of consciousness
B perceptual organization
Studying by focusing on the facts and not the meaning of information that has to be remembered involves Responses A deep processing B shallow processing C implicit memory D classical conditioning
B shallow processing
Piper reads about someone described as adventurous and extroverted. She then judges that this person is more likely to be a lawyer who enjoys hiking than a lawyer who does not. The best explanation for Piper's error is that she is basing her judgment on Responses A the availability heuristic B the representativeness heuristic C confirmation bias D predictable-world bias
B the representativeness heuristic
Raj, a four-year-old child, learned to open the door to a classroom by pulling on the handle. Now whenever he approaches any door he pulls on the handle and is confused when that does not work. This is best explained by Raj's having developed which of the following for door opening? Responses A Accommodation B Object permanence C A mental set D Divergent thinking
C A mental set
Jeremy is a doctoral student who wants to investigate the effectiveness of a new mnemonic device with third graders. His plan includes asking the children to complete an informed consent form. Which of the following reasons would cause his research project to be denied by an Institutional Review Board? Responses A New teaching techniques are not researched. B Jeremy is not considered a legitimate researcher. C Children can express approval but only parents or legal guardians can provide consent. D Confidentiality cannot be assured in this scenario.
C Children can express approval but only parents or legal guardians can provide consent.
Ana injured her eye in an accident and has to wear a patch over the eye while it heals. Which of the following cues would she best be able to use to make judgments about the distance objects are from her? Responses A Convergence B Binocular disparity C Linear perspective D Closure
C Linear perspective
Convergence is a binocular depth cue that is based on which of the following? Responses A Change in the size of the pupil B Muscular tension that leads to the lens changing shape C Muscular tension that occurs when the eyes turn inward D Fact that there are more rods on the periphery of the retina
C Muscular tension that occurs when the eyes turn inward
A research team wanted to measure how smart Chris was. The researchers measured how many math questions Chris got correct on his final exam. This measurement constituted which of the following? Responses A Correlational variable B Independent variable C Operational definition D Measure of central tendency
C Operational definition
During English class, Caleb is worried about an unfinished history project he needs to turn in later in the day. While the English teacher and other students discuss a short story the class just read, Caleb's attention is focused on how to finish the history project. The next day he is unable to recall the short story details presented in English class. The recall problem is most likely due to Responses A retroactive interference B proactive interference C encoding failure D retrieval failure
C encoding failure
Although she has not sustained any injuries, Riley cannot remember anything before the age of three. She is most likely experiencing Responses A retrograde amnesia B anterograde amnesia C infantile amnesia D proactive interference
C infantile amnesia
An individual's ability to remember the day he or she first swam the length of a swimming pool is most clearly an example of which of the following kinds of memory? Responses A Semantic B Flashbulb C Procedural D Episodic
D Episodic
Which of the following is an example of metacognition? Responses A Recognizing the faces of people after meeting them once B Solving a complex problem in a slow, deliberate way C Understanding the role of various parts of the brain in memory D Knowing the effectiveness of different strategies for learning statistical formulas
D Knowing the effectiveness of different strategies for learning statistical formulas
Ana is instructed by her doctor to wear a patch over one eye while an infection heals. While wearing the patch, Ana will lose her ability to use which of the following depth perception cues? Responses A Relative size B Interposition C Linear perspective D Retinal disparity
D Retinal disparity
A psychologist looking at a graph of IQ scores around the world notices that the data form a normal distribution. Which of the following statements describes the mean, median, and mode of a test whose scores are normally distributed? Responses A The mean and the median will be the same value, but the mode will be lower. B The mean will be the highest value, followed by the median, followed by the mode. C The mode will be the highest value, followed by the median, followed by the mean. D The mean, the median, and the mode will be the same value.
D The mean, the median, and the mode will be the same value.
Cassidy can only remember the titles of the first few books her teacher told her to get from the library. Which of the following concepts would best explain Cassidy's experience? Responses A Zone of proximal development B Insight learning C The misinformation effect D The primacy effect
D The primacy effect
When trying to solve a problem, Bret uses a logical, step-by-step formula called Responses A a heuristric B insight C priming D an algorithm
D an algorithm
After having a stroke resulting from a blockage of blood to the medial temporal lobe, Gerald could not remember new information, such as the books he had just read, new songs he had just heard, or the faces of new people he had just met. Gerald was experiencing Responses A dissociative fugue B dissociative amnesia C retrograde amnesia D anterograde amnesia
D anterograde amnesia
When Lois looks at her wedding pictures, she has vivid memories of the early years of her marriage. The pictures serve as Responses A encoding devices B iconic memories C implicit memories D retrieval cues
D retrieval cues
An individual's ability to focus on a particular conversation in a noisy and crowded room is called Responses A auditory localization B dichotic listening C divided attention D selective attention
D selective attention
Joe's best friend Liz says, "I heard the best joke from my sister" and then proceeds to tell Joe the joke that he had told her last week. Liz is most likely experiencing Responses A retrieval failure B retrograde amnesia C encoding failure D source amnesia
D source amnesia
Metacognition refers to Responses A amnesia B artificial intelligence C thinking without theory D thinking about thinking
D thinking about thinking
