Unit 3 - Cardiovascular System

Starting at the superior and inferior vena cava, a drop of blood passes through

1) right atrium 2) tricuspid valve 3) right ventricle 4) pulmonary arteries 5) pulmonary veins 6) left atrium 7) bicuspid valve 8) left ventricle 9) aorta

After passing from the thoracic cavity over the border of the first rib, the subclavian artery changes its name. The name changes continue along the arm and to the hand. In correct order, these names are: 1) superficial palmar arch 2) deep palmar arch 3) brachial artery 4) radial artery 5) axillary artery 6) ulnar artery

5, 3, 4 or 6, 1 or 2

Neutrophils

Are highly mobile, are active phagocytes, specialize in attacking and digesting bacteria, and have a short life span (about 12 hours)

Lymphocytes

Are the primary cells of the lymphatic system and they are responsible for specific immunity

During diastole the ventricles of the heart are

At maximum relaxation

Chordates tendineae and papillary muscles are important in the function of

Atrioventricular valves

Pericardium

Can be divided into visceral and parietal layers, lines the inner surface of the sac that surrounds the heart, and is reinforced by a dense network of collagen fibers

Which of the following is an unpaired branch of the abdominal aorta? - Celiac - Renal - Suprarenal - Lumbar - Gonadal

Celiac

Veins

Collect blood from capillaries and return it to the heart, have thinner walls than do arteries, blood pressure in veins is slower than in arteries, generally appear to be larger than the corresponding arteries

Fenestrated capillaries

Have windows or pores in their walls

Cardiac muscle differs from other muscle tissue in

Having fibers connected to one another at intercalated disks

An artery can be distinguished from a vein by all of the following EXCEPT: - Arterial walls are thicker than those of veins - Arteries have a smaller lumen than does a similar sized vein - Because arterial walls are thick and strong, they retain their round shape, while those of veins are thinner and tend to collapse - In cross section the lumen of a vein appears to be thrown into folds while that of an artery is smooth

In cross section the lumen of a vein appears to be thrown into folds while that of an artery is smooth

The main pacemaker region of the heart is

In the wall of the right atrium

The circle of Willis "encircles"

Infundibulum of pituitary gland

Which of the following are UNTRUE of a capillary? - The vessel walls are relatively thin - Blood flow through a capillary is the slowest of all classes of vessels - The histological structure of a capillary wall permits a two way exchange of substances between the blood and body cells - It has a relatively thick tunica media

It has a relatively thick tunica media

Which of these is NOT a tributary of the hepatic portal vein? - Superior mesenteric vein - Lumbar vein - Left colic vein - Inferior mesenteric vein - Splenic vein

Lumbar vein

The functions of the lymphatic system in the body are to

Maintain normal blood volume, eliminate local variations in the chemical composition of the interstitial fluid, produce lymphocytes, and distribute lymphocytes

Circulation of fluid through lymphatic vessels is responsible for

Maintenance of normal blood volume in the body, elimination of local variations in the chemical composition of the interstitial fluid, providing an alternate route for distribution of hormones, and providing an alternate route for distribution of nutrients and waste products

The border between the atria and the ventricle is

Marked by the coronary sulcus

Which is the most common type of white blood cell?

Neutrophil

Which is NOT true about lymph nodes? - Occur in all regions of the body - Filter both blood and lymph - Occur in the brain - Receive lymph through the efferent vessels - Manufacture lymph

Occur in the brain

The branches of the internal carotid artery include:

Ophthalmic artery, anterior cerebral artery, and middle cerebral artery

Which of the following is NOT associated with the right atrium: - Coronary sinus - Tricuspid valve - Fossa ovalis - Papillary muscles - Inferior vena cava

Papillary muscles

Lymphatic vessels originate in the

Peripheral tissues of the body

The abdominal inferior vena cava collects blood from

Phrenic vein, renal vein, suprarenal vein, and hepatic vein

Formed elements of the blood include all of the following EXCEPT: - Plasma proteins - Red blood cells - White blood cells - Platelets

Plasma proteins

All of the following elements are components of blood plasma EXCEPT: - Water - Electrolytes - Platelets - Nutrients - Organic waste

Platelets

The valves of the heart function to

Prevent back flow of blood into chambers it has left and maintain a one-way flow of blood

The ventricle is associated with all of the following EXCEPT: - Bicuspid valve - Papillary muscles - Aorta - Pulmonary trunk - Traveculae carnaea

Pulmonary trunk

The coronary sinus

Receives the collected blood from the great and middle cardiac veins

The most common formed elements in the blood are

Red blood cells

What constitutes the "pacemaker" of the heart that normally sets the beat?

Sinoatrial node (SA node)

All of the following empty directly into the inferior vena cava EXCEPT: - Hepatic veins - Lumbar veins - Superior mesenteric vein - Suprarenal vein

Superior mesenteric vein

Paired arteries that branch from the abdominal aorta include the

Suprarenal and gonadal

Cardiac muscle is called a functional syncytium because

The contractions of one cell triggers the contraction of others

The pulmonary circuit is composed of arteries and veins that transport blood between

The heart and the lungs

Platelets are one of the components involved in

The vascular clotting system

Which of the following does NOT apply to red blood cells?: - They have a 60-day life expectancy - They transport oxygen from the lungs to the tissues - They transport a small amount of carbon dioxide from the tissues to be eliminated by lungs - They are produced in the bone marrow - They are the most common cells in the blood

They have a 60-day life expectancy

The innermost layer of a blood vessel, which includes the endothelial lining and an underlying layer of connective tissue with variable amounts of elastic fibers, is the

Tunica interna

The epicardium is also called the

Visceral pericardium

The opening that permits blood to flow between the atria of the fetal heart is the

foramen ovale

The major classes of white blood cells include

granular and agranular cells

Prominent muscular ridges that run along the inner surface of the auricle and across the adjacent atrial wall are the

pectinate muscles

The left atrium receives blood from the

pulmonary veins

The two main branches of the right coronary artery are the

right marginal branch and posterior interventricular branch

Components of the lymphatic system include the:

spleen, lymphatic vessels, thymus, lymph nodes, thoracic duct

Blood enters the right atrium through the:

superior and inferior vena cava and coronary sinus

Blood travels from the right atrium to the right ventricle through the

tricuspid valve

The placenta that supports the fetus receives blood from the fetus through the

umbilical arteries