Unit 3
12. I like working with my supervisor because she lets me do things the way I think they should be done. She encourages me to be creative and unique in my approach to problems. Which of the global leadership behaviors am I using? A. autonomous B. humane-oriented C. self-protective D. participative
A
12. McGrath describes diagnosing group deficiencies as part of ______. A. monitoring/internal B. executive action/internal C. monitoring/external D. executive action/external
A
12. There are commonalities among the major followership typologies such that all of the following are general follower "types" except ______. A. leader-follower B. submissive-compliant C. independent-assertive D. active-engaged
A
13. The study of culture and leadership identifies the complex nature of the leadership process and how leadership is influenced by cultures. This statement ______. A. is a strength of the GLOBE studies B. is a criticism of the GLOBE studies C. is an ethnocentric view of leadership D. is prejudicial
A
14. According to research, one way women can advance in leadership is ______. A. by blending individualized consideration with inspirational motivation B. by strongly resisting stereotype threats C. by acting masculine and assertive and not in feminine ways D. by leading in a more democratic manner than men
A
14. Reversing the lens means ______. A. studying followership by considering how followers impact leaders and organizations B. putting leaders in followership roles for a period of time to get perspective C. taking a sharper focus on how leaders impact the entirety of the organization D. removing leaders completely from the followership equation
A
15. In the "promoting leadership effectiveness" model, what is a listed goal at the interpersonal level? A. decreasing gender stereotypes B. organizational changes C. using effective leadership styles D. gender equity in domestic responsibilities
A
16. Team leaders need to construct a mental model to ______. A. identify problems and solutions within the team B. take simple problems and find hidden complexities C. improve their communication skills D. give team members the role of problem solving
A
18. A leader that takes a political stand on an issue for no other reason than to get re-elected is using which ethical theory? A. ethical egoism B. utilitarianism C. altruism D. collectivism
A
19. Agentic characteristics include ______. A. assertiveness B. warmth C. sensitivity D. conscientiousness
A
19. Donna is a personally-focused, destructive leader. One of her subordinates, Michael, goes along with Donna's decisions and supports her. Michael has been described as immature and needy. Which type of susceptible follower is Michael? A. conformer B. colluder C. conspirator D. charismatic
A
19. The model of team leadership requires a leader to consider all of the following questions to improve team effectiveness except ______. A. Which of my personal values are being impacted? B. What type of intervention should be used? C. At what level should the intervention be targeted? D. What leadership function should be implemented?
A
19. Which of the following attributes characterize the assertiveness cultural dimension? A. confrontational B. altruistic C. loyal D. confidence builder
A
2. A benefit of shared leadership compared with a non-shared leadership process is ______. A. more cohesion B. more challenges C. more conflict D. more disruption
A
2. In Zaleznik's typology of followers, follower behaviors can be charted along which two scales? A. dominant-submissive and active-passive B. competent-incompetent and committed-uncommitted C. task-technical and relationship-adaptive D. critical-uncritical and supportive-unsupportive
A
2. Women hold approximately how many Fortune 500 CEO positions ______. A. 5% B. 15% C. 25% D. 35%
A
20. As it relates to values held by men and women in leadership roles, which of the following has been found by researchers? A. women tend to focus more on social values that promote others' welfare more so than men B. male CEOs tend to focus more on a servant leadership approach C. male and female leaders hold the same personal values D. women in leadership roles tend to focus on the passive version of management by exception
A
3. In the team leadership model, the cohesiveness of the team and the ability of team members to satisfy their own needs while working effectively with other team members defines A. development B. commitment C. recognition D. results-driven leadership
A
4. Joshua is a member of a local nonprofit organization that works to beautify the community. He often has excuses for not coming to events and when he does come, he keeps to himself and complains to others around him about how he has a better way of doing things. According to Kelley's followership typology, Joshua can best be described as ______. A. alienated B. exemplary C. pragmatic D. conformist
A
4. When women use a more masculine manner of leadership, ______. A. their leadership was devalued B. their leadership was viewed positively C. their leadership was viewed as ineffective D. their leadership was viewed as effective
A
5. I base my corporate decisions on what creates the greatest good for the greatest number of people. I am applying which ethical theory? A. utilitarianism B. duty-based theory C. virtue-based theory D. ethical egoism
A
5. Which scholar(s) authored Culture, Leadership, and Organizations: The GLOBE Study of 62 Societies? A. House et al. B. Hofstede C. Heifetz D. Avolio et al.
A
6. Which of the following is a communal characteristic? A. sensitivity B. confidence C. assertiveness D. rationality
A
6. Your co-worker, Michael, does just the minimal amount of work to keep his job. He neither supports nor challenges the boss. Chaleff would describe Michael's followership style as ______. A. resource B. individualist C. implementer D. partner
A
7. I consistently tell the truth and am fair with my employees. Furthermore, I feel a strong moral obligation to make decisions that do not infringe on the rights of my staff. I am applying the concepts of which ethical theory? A. deontological B. teleological C. altruism D. virtue-based
A
8. Heifetz's perspective on ethical leadership is ______. A. values-based B. duty-based C. charisma-based D. philosophy-based
A
9. I am really lucky to belong to an organization that places an emphasis on rewarding us for meeting challenging goals. My organization in this example is using which cultural dimension from the GLOBE studies? A. performance orientation B. future orientation C. institutional collectivism D. gender egalitarianism
A
9. The toxic triangle by Padilla et al. describes the interrelationships between ______. A. destructive leaders, susceptible followers, and conducive environments B. destructive leaders, conforming followers, and stable environments C. conforming leaders, destructive followers, and unstable environments D. colluding followers, destructive leaders, and stable environments
A
9. These types of followers, according to Kellerman, demonstrate a medium level of engagement in the group's goal and may support or oppose the leader. A. participants B. diehards C. aliens D. individualists
A
1. Your marketing team decides to include Jared in a current project because he is known for always challenging the leader's ideas. This is an example of using which perspective of followership? A. transformational B. role-based C. relational-based D. servant
B
10. Cameron is on a five-person team at work tasked with creating a branding strategy for the company's newest product. He attends the team meetings and knows all about the features of the new product, but when it comes time for the team to make a decision Cameron claims he does not have an opinion. According to Kellerman's typology, Cameron is what type of follower? A. participant B. bystander C. conformist D. diehard
B
10. What was the main purpose of the GLOBE project? A. to refute the concepts found in implicit leadership theory B. to determine how people from different cultures viewed leadership C. to describe how transformational leadership is different in multiple cultures D. to refute the concepts in Hofstede's five cultural dimensions of leadership
B
11. Having a common goal that both the leader and followers agree on is central to which ethical leadership principle? A. serves others B. builds community C. shows JUSTICE D. respects others
B
12. My followers are foremost in the plans I make for our team. I am often seen mentoring my followers and using citizenship behaviors that benefit all of my followers. I am using which ethical leadership principle? A. respects others B. serve others C. shows justice D. manifests honesty
B
13. According to Zaccaro, principled leadership influences team effectiveness through these processes: ______. A. supporting, controlling, delegating, and directing B. cognitive, motivational, affective, and coordinational C. forming, storming, norming, and performing D. technical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and empathetical
B
14. One weakness of the culture and leadership research is ______. A. self-protective leader behaviors were consistent across all 10 cultural clusters B. the definitions of some cultural dimensions and leadership behaviors are unclear C. Hofstede's five dimensions should have been used, not the nine dimensions from GLOBE research D. the subscales of leadership behaviors showed strong validity but lacked reliability
B
16. Ethical theories that are driven from the viewpoint of the leader's character are called ______. A. teleological theories B. virtue-based theories C. deontological theories D. utilitarianism theories
B
17. Forecasting environmental changes fits into what quadrant of the critical leadership functions? A. monitor/internal B. monitor/external C. executive action/internal D. executive action/external
B
17. The ethical approach that is low in self-interest and high in concern for others is ______. A. utilitarianism B. altruism C. apathea D. ethical egoism
B
18. Researchers used divided the data collected from 62 countries into regional clusters to provide a convenient way to ______. A. generate hypotheses to predict the relative value of one cultural group over another B. analyze the similarities and differences between cultural groups C. make assumptions about cultural dimensions by high- and low-score clusters D. correlate scores from individual respondents across different regional clusters
B
2. As a leader of a multinational company headquartered in Kansas City, I believe that my international workforce should conduct business only in the way it is conducted in the U.S. culture. This is an example of: A. multicultural sensitivity B. ethnocentrism C. prejudice D. cultural competence
B
20. Cecil is a leader who attracts a lot of attention, is self-absorbed, and focuses on negativity. Valerie supports Cecil and has been described as ambitious and opportunistic. Valerie is most likely which kind of follower? A. conformer B. colluder C. conspirator D. charismatic
B
20. Early research on followership resulted in a series of ______ which form the building blocks for additional theory building. A. case studies B. typologies C. autobiographies D. psychometric instruments
B
6. When I approach decisions and take action based on what is in the best interest of others, I am applying which ethical theory? A. utilitarianism B. altruism C. virtue-based theory D. ethical egoism
B
6. Which cultural dimension is defined as the extent to which a society, organization, or group relies on established social norms, rituals, and procedures to make things more predictable and less unclear? A. power distance B. uncertainty avoidance C. in-group collectivism D. gender egalitarianism
B
8. The principled leadership characteristic of team excellence is central to team effectiveness, influencing the team through four processes. Which is not one of these processes? A. cognitive B. directive C. motivational D. coordination
B
8. What is one difficulty women have in achieving higher-level leadership positions? A. lack of ability to run their own businesses B. negotiating for valued positions C. using too many communal characteristics D. using too many agentic characteristics
B
1. Which statement is true about women and leadership? A. women are less effective leaders compared with men B. women are not in high level leadership positions C. women are underrepresented in elite leadership positions D. women all lead differently than men
C
10. A strength of studying the research on gender and leadership is ______. A. the inequity in gender pay is a significant factor keeping women from elite leadership roles B. contemporary notions of effective leadership styles are now more feminine C. contemporary notions of effective leadership styles are now more androgynous D. the inequity in female-owned private businesses clearly impacts the gender leadership gap
C
10. I am using controlling, coordinating, mediating and synthesizing as I focus on issues to help the team complete goals. Which type of leadership decision making am I using? A. internal relationship actions B. external relationship actions C. internal task actions D. environmental assessment actions
C
10. In which ethical leadership principle does the leader place issues of fairness at the center of their decision making? A. manifests honesty B. builds community C. shows justice D. respects others
C
11. Juanita is deeply committed to the conservation of natural resources. She currently works for a national organization whose executive director is recommending to its 50,000 members that they bargain with lawmakers by agreeing to allow development on a very small protected forest area in Vermont in order to save their political resources to fight harder for the protection of a major national park in Colorado. Juanita disagrees with her executive director's strategy and rallies a few of the extreme members to camp out in the Vermont forest for days on end as a show of protest. Juanita is what Kellerman would call a ______ follower. A. bystander B. participant C. diehard D. activist
C
13. Which of the following is not one of the four constructs proposed in Uhl-Bein's theory of followership? A. followership characteristics B. leader characteristics C. environmental context D. followership outcomes
C
14. Which of the following is not one of the characteristics of team excellence, according to Larson and LaFasto? A. results-driven structure B. collaborative climate C. authoritative leadership D. clear, elevated goal
C
15. A criticism of the team leadership model is ______. A. it does not place the ongoing work group in an environmental context B. it neglects to account for the changing roles of leaders in organizations C. it is too complex and is not practical for a growing number of team leaders D. it does not help in selecting team leaders
C
15. All of the following are ways ethical leaders build community except by ______. A. searching for goals that are compatible with everyone B. being attentive to cultural values C. keeping social collectives exclusive D. establishing higher and broader moral purposes
C
15. When one individual's following behaviors interact with another individual's leading behaviors to manifest leadership and its resulting outcomes, this approach is known as the ______. A. outcome driven approach B. followers first process C. leadership co-created process D. role-based followership approach
C
16. According to the GLOBE study, which of these is not a cultural dimension? A. institutional collectivism B. in-group collectivism C. division of labor D. future orientation
C
16. Lipman-Bluman argues that unhealthy followership is caused by subordinates' needs to feel all of the following except ______. A. safe B. unique C. goal-driven D. a sense of community
C
17. A developmental experience that helps women rise to top leadership positions is ______. A. servant leadership B. nepotism C. inclusion in key networks D. college education
C
17. Followers will oftentimes become passive and inactive around toxic leaders because ______. A. followers in a toxic leader situation are simply waiting for the right time to take over B. the majority of all followers are bystanders according to Kellerman C. followers fear losing their security and sense of community with the group D. most followers are not energetic by definition
C
18. Categorizing followers into different types is helpful because ______. A. followers of the same type can be placed on teams together B. leaders use follower types to justify destructive behavior C. it helps us understand the ways people act when they are in followership roles D. the typologies, taken together, provide a consistent predictor of organizational performance
C
18. Research shows that women in management roles have ______. A. less education than men B. a lack of human skills C. less inclusion in key networks D. more likelihood to quit their job
C
19. From a relational-based perspective, the new followership literature encourages us to view leadership as ______. A. a process where power differentials should be underscored B. a position that more followers should strive toward C. a co-constructed process wherein followers and leaders share equally D. the vantage point from which follower roles are determined
C
2. Group norms affect my moral decisions because I want to be seen as "good." I am at what stage of moral development? A. social contract and individual rights stage B. individualism and exchange stage C. interpersonal accord and conformity stage D. maintaining social order stage
C
20. Globalization has created a need for all of the following except ______. A. leaders with greater understanding of cultural differences B. leaders with increased competencies in cross-cultural communication C. leaders who are able to utilize cultural superiority to manage groups D. leaders who are able to design effective multinational organizations
C
20. Niko is a member of a five-person community action team to address natural resource issues in his region. He notices that every time the team meets, members do not listen respectfully to each other. According to the model of team leadership Niko should ______. A. report this dynamic to his supervisor who can bring more authority to the situation B. dismiss himself from the team and return when conditions are better C. step up into a leadership role and use coaching behaviors to address internal relations D. change the structure and goals of the team in order to align tasks better
C
3. I make moral decisions based on my views of what a good society should be like. This good society means I support the values of society like fair procedures for changing laws while recognizing that groups differ and we should agree on these laws. Which stages are in the post-conventional level? A. maintaining the social order B. interpersonal accord and conformity C. social contract and individual rights D. individualism and exchange
C
3. In a meta-analysis by Eagly and Johnson, women were found to lead ______. A. in a more interpersonal style than men B. in a less task-oriented style than men C. in a more democratic style than men D. in a more egalitarian style than men
C
4. Hofstede's five dimensions on which culture differs include all of the following except ______. A. uncertainty avoidance B. masculinity-femininity C. performance orientation D. long-term-short-term orientation
C
4. When studying ethics and leadership, ethical theories fall into which two broad domains? A. conduct and behavior B. behavior and traits C. character and conduct D. character and traits
C
5. Which of Larson and LaFasto's characteristics of team excellence is associated with Hackman's "clear norms of conduct"? A. compelling purpose B. unified commitment C. standards of excellence D. competent team members
C
6. Our team has just the right mix of people with complementary skills and strengths. Our team is displaying which characteristic of team excellence? A. standards of excellence B. clear norms of conduct C. competent team members D. principled leadership
C
7. Our organization provides us with the resources we need to complete our team projects and has a generous bonus system if we exceed standards and meet deadlines. Which characteristic of team excellence is our organization displaying? A. results-driven structure B. internal support and recognition C. external support and recognition D. collaborative climate
C
7. Sarah has a very visible job in her company. She supports her CEO, and wherever she goes she speaks highly of her boss, even when her boss has made bad decisions that have negatively impacted others. In Chaleff's model, Sarah would best be described as what type of follower? A. partner B. resource C. implementer D. individualist
C
7. The power distance cultural dimension in the GLOBE studies is defined as ______. A. the degree to which cultural norms are clearly defined B. the degree to which gender inequality is viewed C. the degree to which the group expects that power should be shared unequally D. the degree to which the group is expected to take collective action
C
7. When one use gender stereotypes in interactions with others ______. A. females benefit B. males benefit C. it often leads to biased judgments D. we solve gender-based problems using facts
C
9. The team I am leading is in conflict with constant infighting and little focus on the project's goals. I should take ______. A. external task action B. internal task action C. internal relational action D. External environmental action
C
9. Which style of leadership is beneficial for women to use if they want to successfully navigate the leadership labyrinth? A. authentic B. servant C. transformational D. team style in the Leadership Grid
C
1. At the new student orientation process, the guides taught students the common cheer that is a part of most sporting and other major assemblies on campus. The process of learning this common language and tradition of your university describes the definition of which of the following: ______. A. diversity B. prejudice C. ethnocentrism D. culture
D
1. I want to do what is best for myself, and I am willing to bargain with others for favors that I offer to provide in return in the future. I am at what stage of moral development? A. obedience and punishment stage B. conventional morality stage C. interpersonal accord and conformity stage D. individualism and exchange stage
D
1. The term heterarchy refers to ______. A. the power struggles in teams B. the shifts in power from team member to top leadership C. the coercive power shifting in teams D. the dynamic power shifting in teams
D
11. A criticism of the gender and leadership discussion is ______. A. the research on gender stereotypes is focused on males B. the research on gender stereotypes is focused on females C. there is little research about stereotypes between the genders D. studying the gender demographic alone limits the understanding of leadership in other diversity demographics
D
11. Our team leader asks us about our needs, is generous with his time, and considerate of our personal and professional goals. Which of the global leadership behaviors is our leader using? A. participative B. team-oriented C. autonomous D. humane oriented
D
11. Which of the following is not a criticism of the team leadership model? A. its complexity B. it includes only a partial list of skills leaders might use to make team decisions C. shared leadership might not work for all team members' skill levels D. it provides a cognitive guide to aid leaders in maintaining effective teams
D
12. In the area of human capital differences, what is not true for women? A. They have fewer responsibilities in the same jobs as men. B. They confront greater barriers to establish mentor relationships. C. They occupy more than half of all management and professional positions. D. They tend to self-select themselves out of leadership tracks.
D
13. Ethical leadership involves influence that is central to the leadership process. This means ______. A. the ethics of the leader are the ethics of followers B. the process of leadership happens in a one-way environment C. ethical organizations can maintain good outcomes with a few unethical leaders D. leaders have enormous ethical responsibility for how they affect others
D
13. Which of the following leadership traits or skills is more likely to belong to men than to women? A. intelligence B. initiative C. persuasiveness D. authoritativeness
D
14. Teleological theories include all of the following except ______. A. ethical egoism B. utilitarianism C. altruism D. ethical egalitarianism
D
15. Five cross-cultural competencies for leaders include all of the following except ______. A. being able to adapt to living and communicating in other cultures B. learning the perspectives, trends, and tastes of many cultures C. understanding business, political, and cultural environments worldwide D. teaching the importance of one's own culture to other cultures
D
16. Natalie and Joel work in a legal firm. They both are aware of a potential promotion coming up soon. In the last project they did, Joel put most of the paperwork on Natalie, and she gladly took on the extra workload. However, when their boss was complimenting the project, Natalie let Joel take the credit and acted as if they both did the same amount of work. This is an example of what advancement barrier for Natalie? A. gender stereotypes B. work experience C. developmental opportunities D. self-promotion
D
17. Applications for culture and leadership do not include ______. A. can help leaders understand their own cultural biases and preferences B. help our leaders adapt their styles to be more effective in different cultural settings C. can be used to build culturally sensitive websites D. help maximize profit within a locally owned and operated organization
D
18. An angel investor just provided the financial capital for you to start up a new crop science technology company. You decide to set up your new business using a team-based structure because research shows this organizational design, done effectively, will lead to all of the following except ______. A. better quality products B. greater innovation C. less waste of resources D. less need for leadership
D
3. Rafi is on a website development team. She is the teammate who helps to maintain the status quo but will support an idea once she sees that others are supporting it. According to Kelley's followership typology, Rafi is a follower best described as ______. A. conformist B. passive C. exemplary D. pragmatic
D
3. Trompenaars completed a large survey of people in 47 different countries and determined two organizational cultural classifications: ______. A. power distance and uncertainty avoidance B. person versus task and in-group versus out-group C. egalitarian versus hierarchical and institutional versus in-group collectivism D. person versus task and egalitarian versus hierarchical
D
4. Which of the following is not one of Hackman's six enabling conditions of effective team functioning? A. real team B. clear conduct norms C. compelling purpose D. strict hierarchy
D
5. A barrier to women's advancement in leadership positions is ______. A. women's lack of interest in assuming high level leadership positions B. women have less motivation to lead C. women are more likely than men to view their roles as workers as secondary to their roles as parents and partners D. women are less likely to promote themselves for leadership positions
D
5. According to Chaleff, followers need to have the ______ to support and to challenge the leader. A. skills B. intelligence C. critical mass D. courage
D
8. In my organization, women and men share power and influence equally. My organization uses a high degree of which dimension of culture? A. power distance B. humane orientation C. institutional collectivism D. gender egalitarianism
D
8. Monique is an immigrant to the United States who became a citizen two years ago. She does not participate in elections or keep track of current events. Kellerman would classify Monique as what type of follower? A. diehard B. pragmatist C. bystander D. isolate
D
