Unit 3 Installation and Localization

Which of the following are true about the ASCII character set? (Choose TWO.)

- Does not include international symbols. - Uses a seven-bit encoding technique.

For which of the following directories should you create separate partitions? (Select TWO).

/var /home /home contains by default the user home directories.This can help prevent a system crash if the users fill the entire partition with their files. /var contains data files that change constantly.This can help prevent a system crash if the log files fill the entire partition.

During installation, you need to make sure there is plenty of hard disk space allocated to the partition that is going to hold the entire Linux operating system. Which of the following is the BEST mount point for this partition?

/ The root partition must have a large amount hard disk space allocated during installation to accommodate the entire Linux operating system. The mount point for the root partition is /.

You are installing Linux on an old computer with an old BIOS, and you are planning the partitions for the hard disk drive. Which of the following directories SHOULD exist in the first 1024 cylinders of the hard disk drive?

/boot The /boot partition must be completely within the first 1,024 cylinders on systems with older BIOS versions. This is because the disk is used via the BIOS during boot and BIOS can't handle more than 1,024 cylinders. Newer versions of the BIOS can handle disks with more than 1,024 cylinders.

Which of the following directories MUST be part of the partition that holds the root (/) directory? (Select THREE).

/etc /proc /bin These directories are system configuration files that are necessary for Linux to function properly.

Most Linux distributions propose to create the root (/) and swap partitions by default. To prevent user files and system log files from filling up the / partition, which additional partitions are you MOST strongly advised to create? (Select TWO).

/home /var Users will save files in the /home directory, and system log files will be saved in the /var directory. User files and system log files have the greatest potential to take up all your free hard drive space.

What is the full path to the directory that contains user data for all standard users on the system?

/home The /home directory contains the user data for all users on the Linux system except for the root user account. When you plan partitions, you should create a separate partition for the /home directory.

You are in the process of manually creating the partitions during a Linux installation. Knowing that users will often require a lot of space to store their files, which of the following directories (or mount points) SHOULD be configured on its own partition?

/home The /home directory should be configured as the mount point for one of the hard disk partitions that is created during installation. Since users are likely to store large files (videos, photos, and music files), this partition constrains the amount of hard drive space that is available for system users so they can't use up the space needed by the operating system.

Which of the following directories MUST remain on the same partition? (Select THREE).

/lib /sbin /dev These directories have system configuration files, which are necessary for Linux to function properly. - The /etc directory contains configuration files specific to the system. - The /bin directory contains binary commands that are available to all users. - The /sbin directory contains system binary commands. - The /lib directory contains shared program libraries and kernel modules. - The /dev directory contains device files.

If not cleared out, log files can eventually consume a large amount of data, sometimes filling a drive to its capacity. If the log files are on the same partition as the operating system, this could potentially bring down a Linux computer. Which of the following directories (or mount points) SHOULD be configured on its own partition to prevent this from happening?

/var The Linux system stores log files in the /var directory or a sub-directory thereof. In some cases log files can be very large or can keep growing bigger and bigger until they crash your system. You can prevent such a crash by making /var the mount point on its own partition. The space available for log files is thus constrained to the size of the /var partition.

You have a Linux system with 8 GB of RAM installed. You plan to use this system as a server. How much space should you plan to partition for the swap file?

8 GB

You are trying to pipe data from the cat command to another program, but the data output does not make sense. You believe that the system's locale is corrupting the output. To test your hypothesis, you decide to change a locale environment variable. Which of the following changed variable would MOST likely produce correct data?

LANG=C When the LANG variable is set to LANG=C, programs will display their output without passing it through the locale translation. This is helpful when the output is being corrupted by the system's locale variables and will help avoid some types of problems, such as when using pipelines and scripts that pass on a program's data to another program in binary form.

Which environment variable overrides all other locale settings and sets all locales to the same setting?

LC_ALL LC_ALL is a special variable for overriding all other settings. It sets all locales to the same setting. A locale is a set of files that Linux uses to determine country and language-specific settings for various applications.

Match the locale environmental variable name on the left with the description on the right.

Specifies personal name format. --> LC_NAME Specifically used an override for LC_MESSAGES. --> LANGUAGE A special variable for overriding every other environment setting. It sets all locales to the same setting. --> LC_ALL Defines every locale setting at once while allowing further individual customization via the LC_* settings. --> LANG A locale is a set of files that Linux uses to determine country and language-specific settings for various applications. Be aware of the following environmental variables: LANG defines all locale settings at once while allowing further individual customization via the LC_* settings. LANGUAGE is used as an override for LC_MESSAGES. LC_ALL is a special variable for overriding all other settings. It sets all locales to the same setting. LC_NAME specifies personal name format. This includes things like whether the surname comes first or last.

Which of the following character sets is a variable length encoding standard of Unicode that uses one to four 8-bit bytes to support many languages and most commonly used on Linux?

UTF-8 UTF-8 is a variable-length encoding standard of Unicode and is capable of encoding all 1,112,064 valid code points in Unicode using one to four 8-bit bytes. UTF-8 can support many languages and accommodate pages and forms in any mixture of those languages. Its use also eliminates the need for server-side logic to individually determine the character encoding for each page served or each incoming form submission.

Your Linux system was installed for you while you were living in the United States of America. You have since been transferred to a satellite office located in Wood Walton, England, and have taken your computer with you. Since England uses the larger A4 paper size, you would like to change the LC_PAPER locale environment variable. Which of the following is the BEST shell command to use for this purpose?

localectl The localectl command is used to change locale environment variables. For example, the following command would be used to change the LC_PAPER locale environment as described in the question: localectl set-locale LC_PAPER=en_GB.UTF-8

Which of the following partitions functions as virtual memory for a Linux system?

swap The swap partition functions as virtual memory for your Linux system. It allows the system to use more memory than it physically has installed.