Unit 4: Anthropogenic Climate Change

2. Habitat destruction is a threat to biodiversity.

true

18. The images show the change in Arctic sea ice as the average global temperature increased from 1980 (top) to 2012 (bottom). Which statement best analyzes the impact of global warming during this time?

The oldest and thickest Arctic sea ice is melting as the temperature increases due to global warming.

2. Which action would reduce one's carbon footprint?

planting a tree

15. When fossil fuels burn, they react with oxygen to release carbon dioxide and water vapor. What effect do these substances have on global warming?

Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas that increases global warming

6. What are some effects of pollution on global warming?

- Some aerosols can reflect sunlight back into space to decrease global warming. - Particulates help water condense into clouds, which affects global warming. - Chlorofluorocarbons increase global warming.

4. What do these diagrams of air pollution over China before and during the COVID-19 pandemic indicate about the conditions that contribute to global climate change?

- The amount of atmospheric nitrogen dioxide decreased over time. - Air pollution decreased over time.

5. What have scientists learned from geoscience data and global climate models?

- The average surface temperature of the Earth is increasing. - Atmospheric carbon dioxide is increasing.

1 Which gases contribute directly to global climate change when their levels are increased in the atmosphere?

- methane - carbon dioxide - nitrous oxide

9. Which prediction can be made about the current rate of climate change and its impact on the number of forest fires that occur?

As the rate of climate change increases, the number of forest fires will also increase.

1. In what ways does the use of a plastic water bottle contribute to one's carbon footprint?

- Carbon dioxide is released when the bottle is manufactured. - Carbon dioxide is released when the bottle is transported to the store.

1. Which are greenhouse gases that contribute to global climate change as they increase in the atmosphere?

.75 of 1 - methane - nitrogen - carbon dioxide

3. Study the graph.

1.6°C

1. According to this graph, what is the approximate increase in atmospheric methane from 1750, prior to the Industrial Revolution, to 2000?

1000 ppb

2. According to this graph, between which two dates did the average global temperature increase at the greatest rate, which correlates to more droughts occurring?

1980-2000

4. Which statement describes the relationship between air pollution and the greenhouse effect?

If air pollution increases, the greenhouse effect increases.

22. What may contribute to the view that models are not predictors of global warming?

a misunderstanding of how models are constructed

7. In recent times, changes to the amount of _[blank]_ in Earth's atmosphere creates feedbacks that cause changes to other Earth systems, such as the ocean.

carbon dioxide

3. Climate change does not effect biodiversity.

false

24. What do humans need to reduce most to positively impact global climate change?

production of greenhouse gases

5. Which air pollutant helps decrease global warming?

some aerosols because they reflect sunlight back into space

2. According to this graph, what change in the atmosphere over past decades is contributing to global climate change?

steady increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide

10. Which prediction can be made about the current rate of climate change and its impact on coral reefs?

Coral reefs will decrease as temperatures increase from climate change.

14. Given what is known about the impact of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, which claims could you make from the data in this graph?

- Oceans become more acidic as carbon dioxide is dissolved in the water. - Ice sheets melt as the temperature of the Earth increases due to the impact of carbon dioxide on the greenhouse effect. - The increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide creates feedbacks.

4. Which statements are true about the effect of pollution on global warming?

- Some pollutants, like chlorofluorocarbons, increase global warming by trapping sunlight near Earth's surface. - Some pollutants affect global warming by reflecting sunlight back into space or by causing raindrops to form.

8. Which statements describe an effect of pollution on glacial and ice cap melting?

- The Greenland ice sheet has been shrinking. - There are fewer glaciers than there were 100 years ago.

3. Why do people view global warming as caused by humans?

Carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, has increased in the atmosphere due to humans burning fossil fuels.

4. Using the data, what would the forecasted approximate average global temperature change be from the year 2000 to the year 2100 if global emissions become low?

Climate change will increase during this century regardless of low or high emission growth.

25. Based on current models, what will probably happen to climate change if we do nothing?

Climate change will increase.

17. What is the impact of an increase in sea level due to increased melting?

Coastal areas are flooded.

The following map shows the global chlorophyll concentrations from 2002-2004. The most concentrated areas of chlorophyll are near the continental coastlines, where water is generally shallower. Which claim is supported by this data?

Increased carbon dioxide levels will result in more chlorophyll concentrated along the continental coastlines because the amount of phytoplankton in oceans increases, disrupting habitats and resources available to ocean life.

4. The top model shows the ice over present-day Greenland, and the bottom model shows Greenland within the years to come. According to this model of Greenland's ice melt, what is expected to happen to the Greenland ice sheet?

It is expected to decrease in area.

1. Why do scientists rely on models to support the theory of human-caused global warming?

Models can make predictions by using data from the past and present

5. What is the effect of pollution on the greenhouse effect?

Pollutants like methane trap heat from the Sun in the Earth's atmosphere, adding to the greenhouse effect.

2. Student A claims that all organisms will be able to adapt to global warming. Student B claims some organisms will be able to adapt to global warming. Which student claim is correct and why?

Student B is correct because some organisms will be able to reproduce, evolve, and adapt in time, but others may not.

3. What does this graph indicate about conditions that contribute to global climate change?

The amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide is steadily increasing.

3. What happens over time to the average global temperature as concentrations of carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide increase in the atmosphere?

The average global temperature increases.

2. Which statement is true about the relationship between Earth's average surface temperature and the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?

The average surface temperature is increasing as the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increases.

2. This graph shows the concentration of carbon dioxide in trapped bubbles of air in Antarctic ice sheets. What does it indicate about the conditions that contribute to global climate change?

The concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has greatly increased in recent years.

10. What is a consequence of increased temperature related to hurricanes?

The frequency of strong hurricanes has increased over the past several decades.

3. If air pollution was reduced, what would happen to the greenhouse effect?

The greenhouse effect would decrease but still occur naturally.

6. How have Earth's systems been modified due to the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation?

The increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide has led to global warming and changes in the biosphere.

3. Why do people view global warming as a natural process?

There have been previous warming and cooling periods in Earth's history.

Since the Industrial Revolution, human activities have released additional carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. What effect has additional atmospheric carbon dioxide had upon ocean life?

This carbon dioxide is absorbed by ocean water, causing ocean acidification and loss of coral reefs.

12. Which explanation best describes how deforestation modifies Earth's systems?

NOT - Deforestation removes trees that keep Earth cool. This causes the temperature of the Earth to increase and the polar ice caps to melt.

Investigators used data from the Argo array to model ocean currents and speed. What global trend have they discovered?

Ocean current energy has increased.

20. What is the impact of increased atmospheric temperature on ocean currents?

Ocean currents move with greater energy.

7. Which conclusion can be drawn from these models of ocean acidification?

Oceans are becoming more acidic, and fewer corals can survive.

13. The following map of South America shows the average (or mean) surface air temperature change due to deforestation in the region. The loss of trees allows more heat to be absorbed by the ground, leading to a drier climate for the region. Which claim is supported by this data?

One change to Earth's surface can create feedback that causes changes to other Earth systems.

16. What effect do greenhouse gases have on glacial and ice cap melting?

An increase in greenhouse gases increases the rate of melting.

8. Global warming is related to a change in the occurrence of droughts across the globe. The models below show areas affected by droughts over time. Which conclusion can be drawn from the models?

As global warming increases, the number of droughts increases.

21. Which view of global warming supports making changes to the human way of life?

Global warming is due to human activity.

1. Which view of global warming looks at the present in the context of all of geologic history?

Global warming is due to natural causes.

1. What effect does the increase in greenhouse gases have on the atmosphere that contributes to global warming?

Greenhouse gases trap extra heat close to the surface of Earth.

19. What is the effect of increased atmospheric temperature on the ocean's surface temperature and the occurrence of hurricanes?

The ocean's surface temperature is increasing, providing energy for hurricanes.

Unit Session 4

Code: quiz4

11. The burning of fossil fuels for energy, transportation, and other human needs is affecting Earth's systems. Which explanation best describes one of these effects?

Carbon dioxide is released when fossil fuels are burned, contributing to a rise in the average global temperature due to the greenhouse effect and decreasing the populations of some organisms.

Carbon dioxide is found in ice cores analyzed by scientists. Which statement best explains a related concern about ice cap and glacial melting?

Carbon dioxide is released when the ice melts and the released carbon dioxide adds to global warming.

9. When temperatures increase and the ice cap melts, what will happen to local coastal areas?

Coastal areas will flood.

4. Why are models better predictors now than in the past?

Technology has improved modeling.

6. What is the forecasted rate of global climate change and a future impact on Earth?

The rate of global climate change will probably increase and result in an increase in average global temperature.

2. Which piece of evidence supports the view that global warming is a natural occurrence?

There have been periods of global warming in Earth's history.

1. Biodiversity is the sum of all the different species of animals, plants, fungi, and microbial organisms living on earth and the variety of habitats they live.

true

4. Protecting our planet starts with us/you!

true

23. Which activity has the highest carbon footprint per individual?

using cars relying on fossil fuels