Unit 4 Social Movements Key Terms

emergence

1st stage of a SM. developing identity - lack of strategies, goals and formal structure

coalescence

2nd stage of a SM. membership growth, heightened awareness, strategies and goals formalised.

bureaucratisation

3rd stage of SM. Formal structure with management and paid staff. Strategic decision making responses rather than passionate 'energetic' responses.

decline

4th stage of SM. Engagement and participation declines.

power

Ability to acheive goals despite resistance from others. It can be acheived through force or money.

alternative movement example

Alcoholics anonymous

revolutionary movement example

French Revolution

three characteristics of a NSM

Informal networks between groups and people. Collective identity. A view different to mainstream politics.

reform movement example

PETA

4 reasons a SM declines

Success - acheive their goal. Failure - ends for leadership, $, loss of interest, conflict (goals, tactics, people). Co-optation - focus on a personality and they leave or lose favour (ego, influence or manipulate). Repression - aughorities control or suppress a movement.

social movement

a group that is organised to promote or resist social change

collective identity

belonging to a social movement and its values gives a person a feeling they can change the world

defensive NSM

defending or protecting natural or social environments from government or industry. e.g. PETA

alternative social movements

encourage individuals to change their own behaviour - small change to individual.

ICT

equipment or machinery used to store and distribute information.

redemptive social movements

group attempting radical change in individuals - big change to individual.

reform movements

group attempting small change across society - small change to society

revolutionary movement

group radically change the struture of society - big change to all

a criticism of relative deprivation theory

how could a social movement come about in some locations but not in others - suffrage started in Australia, NZ, USA & UK but not in Asia.

methods used by social movements to encoirage change

protest marches, coordinated demands, publicity, civil disobedience

redemptive movement example

religious cult

relative deprevation theory

social movements come out of people seeing others 'with' as they exist 'without'

new social movements theory

social movements since the 60's have come about to shift social or cultural views.

offensive NSM

stand up for the marginalised or repressed by exposing discrimination. e.g. urban seed for homeless

social change

the alteration of culture and social institutions over time, reflected in social behaviour.