Unit 6: Black Bears
Black bear hibernate because of shorter daylight hours and...
Shortage of Food
The stage of hibernation called Denning begins due to...
shorter daylight hours
The bears most acute sense is its ability to...
smell
At birth a black bear cub weighs approximately...
1/2 pound
Less than ____ percent of the bears diet consists of fresh animal matter.
10
The average adult black bear weighs approximately...
150 up to 500 pounds
The average life span of a black bear is...
20 years
An average black bear measures about...
3 feet at shoulder,5-6 feet nose to tail
The black bear can travel up to _______ miles per hour.
35
When cubs leave the den in the spring they will weigh...
4-8 lbs
Gestation in the black bear is...
7 months
During hibernation urea is reprocessed through the liver and kidney and converted to...
Amino Acid
During early settlement the pioneers found that bear possessed a valuable commodity called...
Bear Grease
The most common mortality factor that affects black bear is...
predition
The primary food black bear eat in the spring are...
roots and leaves
Black bear are classified as...
Carnivores
Briefly explain the process of hibernation.
During hibernation the bears body will slow its metabolism to a minimum. The bear will extract calories and water from its fat reserves to maintain its life. The bear must receive 4.000 calories per day to sustain itself. The digestive system completely shuts down. The only waste product that the bear creates is Nitrogen Urea. The urea is reprocessed through the liver and kidney and changed into amino acids which in turn provides protein for maintenance.
Hibernation is continuous uninterrupted sleep.
False - bears will get up and out of their den from time to time.
During hibernation the bear will produce very little feces.
False - they will produce none!
A black bear has poor vision so it relies on other senses for finding food.
False, Bears have good vision.
Bears mark their territories by secreting scent from external glands.
False, bears mark with urine.
The bear will shed its coat twice, once in spring, then again in the fall.
False, bears shed its coat once.
A male black bear will only mate with one female throughout his life.
False, females will den with young.
Black bears are always distinguishable by their black colored coat.
False, some are brown.
Prior to denning a bear will _________ in order to ______ its digestive system.
Fast, empty
To prepare for hibernation the bear must consume large amounts of calories, during the summer and fall, because it needs the...
Fat
November through April is a period of dormancy for the black bear. It is called...
Hibernation
The mating season for black bear begins...
Late May Early June
The bear maintains its body temperature through a thick winter coat and...
Layers of Fat
Black bears are solitary animals and always hibernate alone.
Mothers will hibernate with their yearling babies
Black bear that cause crop, livestock or property damage are considered...
Nusiance
A disease that humans are susceptible to if bear meat is under cooked is called?
Trichinosis
As you travel northwest, across the United States, the black bears coat is often lighter in color.
True lighter colors in the north.
The black bear sow typically produce cubs in alternate years.
True, 1 litter of cub every 2 years
In general, black bear are healthy animals and are able to live long lives.
True, black bears live long lives.
Black is the dominant coat color of black bear in Minnesota.
True, black is dominant
Bears communicate by using scent, markings and...
Vocalization
Black bears can be distinguished from grizzly bears by...
a lack of shoulder hump and a roman profile
The black bear uses its long curved claws to dig, mark trees, pull up roots and...
as weapons or climbing trees
The major predator of black bears in Minnesota are...
humans
Cubs will stay with the female until...
one year of age