Unit 6 - Psychology

Declarative memory

Memories which can be consciously recalled such as facts and events (explicit)

Short term memory is best described as...

Memory that can only hold a small amount of information — 5-9 items

IQ quotient

Mental age/chronological age x 100

Mental set

A tendency to approach a problem in one particular way, often a way that has been successful in the past (An established way of thinking about or perceiving something)

Which of the following psychologists is best associated with studying the function of memory?

Hermann Ebbinghaus — Curve of memory loss overtime

Schema

Past experience, set of rules, that helps you make judgement about people, society, etc.

Morphemes

Smallest speech units that carry meaning

Children being to demonstrate that they know how to put words in sensible order during what stage?

Two-word

Analytical intelligence

Ability to analyze, judge, evaluate, compare, and contrasting (IQ)

Logical-Mathematical

Ability to understand logical reasoning and problem solving; math, science, patterns, sequences

Which of the following statements about automatic processing is true?

Automatic processing requires little mental effor

Interpersonal

Between people (usually describing social activities)

Availability heuristic

Estimating the likelihood of events based on their availability in memory; if instances come readily to mind, we presume such events are common

Intrapersonal

Existing or occurring within your own mind

Representative heuristic

Judging the likelihood of things in terms of how well they seem to represent, or match, particular stereotypes

Algorithm

Logical, systematic procedure for solving a problem

Non-declarative memory

Long-term memory demonstrated in behavior (implicit)

Context memory

Refers to improved recall of specific episodes or information when the context present at encoding and retrieval are the same

Self-reference

Relating material to your own experience

Primacy effect

Tendency to remember information at the beginning better than information that follows

Practical intelligence

The ability to solve everyday problems through skilled reasoning that relies on knowledge

State-dependent memory

The theory that information learned in a particular state of mind (e.g., depressed, happy, somber) is more easily recalled when in that same state of mind