Unit 7 - AP World

Which of the following developments during the Second World War would Franck most likely have cited as evidence to support his arguments in the passage?

Allied firebombing in Germany and Japan had caused massive devastation and civilian casualties, and atomic weapons were vastly more powerful than those used in firebombing.

Which of the following best describes a similarity between the arguments advanced by Moltke and Giolitti in the two passages?

Both describe hypothetical scenarios that turned out to be accurate predictions of the causes and course of the First World War.

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of the Chinese and the Mexican revolutions during the twentieth century?

Both generated land-redistribution policies.

Which of the following best explains how the First World War affected the international order alluded to in the two passages?

By causing the collapse of several multinational empires, the war redrew international borders and led to new international tensions.

Giolitti's concerns in Source 2 about the potential consequences of conflict in the Balkans are most directly explained by which of the following developments in Europe in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries?

European states entered into military alliances with each other that forced them to come to their allies' aid in the event of conflict with a nonallied state.

Watson, in the first paragraph of Source 1, uses the newspaper quote to support the claim that

German propaganda portrayed the conflict with Russia as a defensive war

The economic development Stalin describes above was achieved primarily through which of the following?

Government control of the national economy

Which of the following was the major long-term political effect of the Great Depression?

Governments began to take a more active role in economic life.

Which of the following was a major long-term effect of the global economic depression of the 1930s?

Governments began to take a more active role in their economies.

Which of the following best supports the contention that the First World War was the first total war?

Governments mobilized large segments of their populations and economies and targeted their opponents' military and economic capabilities.

The global economic downturn of the 1930s had which of the following effects on nations in Europe and North America?

Governments took a more active role in directing and regulating their economies to stimulate growth.

Which of the following contributed significantly to the decline of both the Qing and the Ottoman Empires?

Internal conflict with ethnic and religious minorities

Which of the following arguments would a supporter of using nuclear weapons against Japan have most likely cited to explain the limitations of Franck's arguments in the first and second paragraphs?

Japanese government propaganda instilled fierce, suicidal nationalism in the Japanese population, making Japan unlikely to surrender unconditionally without experiencing the effects of nuclear weapons.

Ideas similar to those expressed in the passage would contribute most directly to which of the following?

Japanese imperialist policies in East and Southeast Asia in the first half of the twentieth century

A historian researching the motives of the perpetrators of the Holocaust would find which of the following sources most useful?

Letters and publications written by Nazi leaders before the Second World War

Which of the following most directly explains the Nazis' ability to carry out the policies of extermination shown in the image?

Local populations collaborated with the regime either out of racial prejudice, fear, or hopes for material gain.

Despite their shared opposition to war, Moltke's and Giolitti's arguments in the two passages are different most likely because

Moltke is mainly concerned about the changing nature of warfare and the threat of a total war, whereas Giolitti is mainly concerned about the inherent instability of the European alliance system.

Which of the following types of evidence does Watson (Source 1) cite to support his claim that early German support for the war was not limited to the young?

Muster rolls and letters

In the excerpt above, Mustafa Kemal is most clearly supporting which of the following?

Nationalism

Which of the following was a common characteristic of the major revolutions that occurred in Russia, China, and Mexico in the early twentieth century?

Nationalism and socialism helped shape all three revolutions.

Which of the following most directly led to the start of the First World War?

Nationalist competition among industrialized powers for resources

Which of the following best describes an important difference between Karl Marx's theory of socialist revolution and that of V. I. Lenin?

Only Lenin argued that the workers' revolution would have to be led by professional revolutionaries.

Which of the following is an accurate description of relations between European states and the Ottoman Empire in the period 1815 to 1914 ?

Russian, English, and French expansion came at the expense of the Ottomans.

Which of the following best describes the cause of the developments described in the passage?

Soviet efforts to modernize their economy through government control

Which of the following was a major similarity between the goals of leaders of the Chinese Communist Revolution, such as Mao Zedong, and the goals of leaders of the Mexican Revolution, such as Emiliano Zapata, in the early twentieth century?

Support for redistribution of land to poor peasants

Which development during the first decade of the twentieth century can best be explained in the context of the "weakening of the conservative principle" mentioned in the first paragraph of the passage?

The Mexican Revolution, as middle classes and peasants united to oust longtime dictator Porfirio Díaz and establish a more equitable society

The image can best help explain which of the following differences between the Nazi program of genocide and other acts of genocide in the early twentieth century?

The Nazis industrialized the killing process, allowing them to commit murder on a massive scale.

Based on the passage, it can be inferred that Mazower might also support which of the following assertions?

The Nazis' rigidly ideological approach to empire building prevented them from consolidating their control of continental Europe.

Which of the following true statements about the Netherlands best explains how the newspaper's national origin likely influenced the view of Germany expressed in the editorial?

The Netherlands, by remaining neutral during the war, profited significantly from helping Germany evade the Entente's naval blockade.

Which of the following countries experienced the greatest number of war-related deaths during the Second World War?

The Soviet Union

Which of the following directly enabled the establishment of the government that produced the poster?

The collapse of the Russian Empire under the stress of the First World War

Which of the following best explains a potentially significant limitation of using the document for understanding the reforms described in the passage in Brazil?

The document likely ignores some economic problems that might have occurred because of the reforms.

Which of the following was the most important factor behind Europeans' readiness to embrace authoritarian political systems in the 1930s?

The economic crisis caused by the Great Depression

The memorandum is best explained in the context of which of the following developments in the early twentieth century?

The emergence of external and internal challenges that threatened the stability of imperial states

Contemporaries who agreed with Franck's argument in the second and third paragraphs regarding the need for an international agreement would most likely have made which of the following arguments to support their position?

The end of the war would probably lead to a new rivalry between the victorious states.

Which of the following statements best represents a nationalistic interpretation of the collapse of the Ottoman and Russian empires during and immediately after the First World War?

The growing demands of various ethnic groups within these multiethnic empires were the primary reasons for the collapse.

The implementation of the policies of extermination shown in the image is most directly explained by which of the following aspects of Nazi ideology?

The idea that minority populations within Germany were somehow responsible for its defeat during the First World War

The photograph above of German East African troops best illustrates which of the following historical processes during the First World War?

The increasing inclusion of non-Europeans in European conflicts

In Poem 2, the reference to Indian victories on battlefields is best understood in the context of which of the following?

The mobilization of Indian troops to fight in Great Britain's wars

A historian would find the 1931 Soviet poster above most useful in studying which of the following?

The official propaganda of gender equality in the Soviet Union

The ideas expressed by Rosa Luxemburg in the passage are most directly a response to which of the following developments?

The policies of the Bolshevik Party following its successful seizure of power in the Russian Revolution

The passage above best exemplifies which of the following processes shortly after the outbreak of the First World War?

The strengthening of nationalist sentiment throughout Europe

Which of the following most directly explains the advice on the use of nuclear weapons provided in the report?

The urgency of the international situation at the time the report was written

Which of the following best explains why most Marxist socialists in the early twentieth century, including Rosa Luxemburg, believed in the necessity of a "dictatorship of the proletariat"?

They believed that establishing state control over economic production and a seizure of bourgeois private property were essential steps toward building communism.

Which of the following accurately explains the historical significance of the harsh conditions imposed on Germany that the editorial describes?

They encouraged the rise of political extremism in Germany.

Which of the following best explains the historical significance of views such as those expressed in the passage?

They show that, in response to the disruptions of the Great Depression, many political leaders saw it as their duty to take an active role in guiding economic life.

As described by Keshavarz in the first paragraph, which of the following would best explain why European countries were implementing policies to increase the size of their populations?

They wanted to address the effects of the First World War and mobilize for future conflicts.

Which of the following best represents the purpose of Trotsky's statement in the passage above?

To argue that Russia is ripe for a socialist revolution, despite being less industrialized than other European countries

Which of the following best describes the likely intent of the poster?

To build support for centrally directed economic modernization programs in the Soviet Union

Durnovo's argument in the second paragraph regarding the effect of war between Germany and Russia on the two countries would prove to be

accurate in its prediction that a war with Germany would create the circumstances for a revolution in Russia

Shigenobu's criticism of European race-based discrimination against Japanese people is significant mostly because it shows that advocates of Japanese imperialism

adopted the European attitudes about a "civilizing mission" and used those attitudes to justify Japan's own imperial policies

The mention of "President Wilson's principles" is most directly significant to understanding the editorial's point of view about the Treaty of Versailles because of the United States president's commitment to

broker a peace agreement on liberal principles that would not be motivated by revenge

In addition to the potential destabilization of the Ottoman Empire, Giolitti's argument in Source 2 regarding Italy's ambitions in Libya is likely explained by the concern that any attempt by a European state to acquire colonies in Africa could

dangerously intensify rivalries between European states seeking to acquire territories and resources

The Brazilian government's pride in listing the extensive workers' rights guaranteed under the 1937 constitution is significant because it shows that

governments across the political spectrum were influenced by socialist economic and social policies

Asian reactions to Western claims of racial and cultural superiority, such as the reaction by Shigenobu in the passage, were also instrumental in the period 1918-1945 in the

intensification of anti-imperial resistance activities and independence movements

Shigenobu's point of view regarding Western attitudes toward Japan as expressed in the passage is significant in that similar ideas were used by members of the Japanese government during the period between the First and the Second World Wars to justify

militarizing the Japanese state and expanding its territories in Asia

Compared with Rosa Luxemburg, most leaders of communist governments in the twentieth century can best be described as

much more willing to use nondemocratic or violent measures to achieve political aims

Moltke's prediction in Source 1 about the consequences of a potential war between Germany and France is most directly explained by the fact that

previous conflicts had stirred intense nationalism in France and Germany

Goldfarb, in Source 2, most directly supports her claim that the British press during the First World War routinely suppressed important war news by citing

the case of the sinking of a battleship and the Battle of Jutland

Which of the following best describes the lithograph above by German artist George Grosz?

A post-First World War print expressing antiwar sentiment