Unit 8 Quiz
Chavín de Huantar is where Peru first saw __________________________. A) A mix of Andean, coastal, and Amazon cultures. B) Coastal peoples flourishing as fishermen. C) The use of monuments. D) Agriculture.
A) A mix of Andean, coastal, and Amazon cultures.
Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the Norte Chico civilization? A) Aspero was its capital city. B) It developed along the Pacific coast. C) Scholars studying the civilization have not found any evidence of conflict or warfare. D) Its large sites had residential complexes, plazas, and platform mounds
A) Aspero was its capital city.
All of the following occurred during the Formative Period in Chiapas EXCEPT: A) Farmers began to use bronze tools. B) People living on the Pacific coast of Chiapas interacted with people living along the Gulf Coast as indicated by the sharing of items made of obsidian, shell, jade, and iron. C) A social hierarchy began to develop D) Large urban centers emerged before 300 CE.
A) Farmers began to use bronze tools.
How were kivas used at the larger Chaco Canyon sites? A) Individual kin groups used them as gathering places. B) They were a type of pottery used for storage. C) Used to hoe corn, these farming tools increased crop yields. D) They were roads that connected neighboring communities.
A) Individual kin groups used them as gathering places.
Describe the environment of the "Great Bison Belt." A) It was arid grassland. B) It was alpine tundra. C) It was wetland swamp. D) It was tropical rainforest.
A) It was arid grassland.
How did the "Chavin cult" move the Andes into the state phase? A) Its universalist message united people from the coast and the highlands. B) It legitimized the Chavín king's power as he also claimed to be the religious leader of the Chavin cult. C) It facilitated trade within the Sinos River Valley. D) It introduced a strict hierarchy so that every person knew his or her place in society.
A) Its universalist message united people from the coast and the highlands.
Examining Cahokia demonstrates the prevalence of which practice in the Eastern Woodlands of North America? A) Mound building. B) The use of chinampa. C) The creation of huacas or sacred places. D) Coca farming.
A) Mound building.
Which of the following statements BEST describes the Incan military? A) The Incas had an effective army that wore light armor. Two of the strengths of their army were their ability to use the landscape to their advantage and their mobility. B) The Incas had a weak army. Therefore, they were unable to extend their empire beyond its capital at Cuzco. C) The Incan military was devoted to siege warfare. It surrounded neighboring cities, cut them off from their supplies, and then slowly starved them into submission. D) The Incas lacked a military. They effectively used diplomacy to cement their rule over neighboring peoples. Therefore, they didn't need a military.
A) The Incas had an effective army that wore light armor. Two of the strengths of their army were their ability to use the landscape to their advantage and their mobility.
Describe the environment of Tenochtitlán and how the Mexica successfully adapted to that environment. A) The Mexica built Tenochtitlán in a lake environment, meaning that people planted wetland gardens, used raised causeways and fields, and built canals. B) The Mexica built Tenochtitlán in the desert, meaning that they focused on constructing irrigation systems and building water reservoirs. C) The Mexica built Tenochtitlán in a rocky, mountainous region. Their main adaptive strategy was terracing the landscape to increase crop yields. D) The Mexica founded Tenochtitlán on the shores of the Gulf of Mexico. Their main adaptive strategy was planting grass and shrubs to stop runoff and prevent erosion.
A) The Mexica built Tenochtitlán in a lake environment, meaning that people planted wetland gardens, used raised causeways and fields, and built canals.
The first foods domesticated during the Archaic period in Mesoamerica (8000 to 2000 BCE) included: A) Potatoes, sorghum, and okra B) Beans, squash, and maize C) Wheat, rice, and barley D) Lentils, pineapple, and coffee
B) Beans, squash, and maize
Where was the "Great Bison Belt"? A) It was in the Arctic. B) It stretched from Alaska through the Great Plains of North America to the Gulf of Mexico. C) It was east of the Mississippi River. D) It ran along the Northwestern (Pacific) Coast of North America
B) It stretched from Alaska through the Great Plains of North America to the Gulf of Mexico.
Describe the situation of the Maya in the 9th century CE (800s CE). A) In the 9th century CE, the Maya moved their civilization to what is present-day Colombia. B) Many Maya sites collapsed in the 9th century CE. There were famines and many Mayan settlements were largely abandoned. C) The Mayan culture abruptly ended in the 9th century CE. No Mayan sites remained after the sudden decline of Teotihuacán. D) The 9th century CE was the height of Mayan power as the king of Teotihuacán ruled over a unified empire and collected tribute from all neighboring regions.
B) Many Maya sites collapsed in the 9th century CE. There were famines and many Mayan settlements were largely abandoned.
The ayllus were: A) Priests who served at the temple Coricancha in the Incan capital. B) Networks of families and individuals who traded in labor and subsistence and ritual activities. C) Human sacrifices killed by the Incan rulers. D) Systems of crop rotation developed by the Incas.
B) Networks of families and individuals who traded in labor and subsistence and ritual activities.
In North America, what kind of dwellings became widespread across the Southwest because they were "thermally efficient"? A) Brush shelters B) Pithouses C) Chickees (stilt houses) D) Wigwams (or wetus)
B) Pithouses
Which of the following civilizations had its capital city in the Andes Mountains? A) The Aztec B) The Inca C) The Maya D) The Olmec
B) The Inca
The ayllu kinship system offered the Inca all of the following advantages EXCEPT: A) The ayllu system had rules about marriage that bound the community together. B) The Inca used the ayllus to rejected outsiders. The Inca used all outsiders as human sacrifices to protect themselves from famine and death. C) The ayllu system allowed the ruler to increase his power and legitimacy by performing certain rituals. D) Ayllus had built-in labor obligations so people contributed their services to the state.
B) The Inca used the ayllus to rejected outsiders. The Inca used all outsiders as human sacrifices to protect themselves from famine and death.
The Inca were associated with all of the following things EXCEPT which one? A) The mummification of the Incan nobility. B) The Tello Obelisk C) The Sun Temple built in honor of the God Inti. All Incan rulers claimed descent from Inti. D) A revered class of accla women
B) The Tello Obelisk
The Olmecs are best known for their monumental stone sculptures. Which of the following statements is true regarding these monumental sculptures? A) The Olmecs began to build monumental stone sculptures in the 9th century CE (800s CE). B) The labor required to transport stones and carve sculptures demonstrates the power of the Olmec elite. C) The stones used to build the monumental sculptures were quarried locally. Craftsmen carved the stones in place and workers built temples around the local quarries. D) In the Americas, only the Olmecs created monumental stone sculptures. The practice was unique to them.
B) The labor required to transport stones and carve sculptures demonstrates the power of the Olmec elite.
How would you describe the Mayan political system? A) A single hereditary king ruled over the entire Maya civilization. The king set the rule of law for everyone and collected taxes from the entire Mayan population. B) The priestly class ruled the Maya. The priestly class exercised ultimate political authority over all of the Maya. The priestly class administered the state and controlled access to the gods, ancestors, and the afterlife. C) The Maya were not unified under one ruler. Individual Mayan rulers had a great power over their own kingdoms, but there was never one Mayan king who ruled over the entire Mayan civilization. D) The Maya lacked a clear political system. There were no kings or rulers. The Maya had no state administration; extended families regulated themselves.
C) The Maya were not unified under one ruler. Individual Mayan rulers had a great power over their own kingdoms, but there was never one Mayan king who ruled over the entire Mayan civilization.
Which culture formed the first state in Mesoamerica? A) The Aztecs B) The Mayas C) The Olmecs D) The Toltecs
C) The Olmecs
Archeologists use all of the following differences as evidence of early social differentiation in Chiapas EXCEPT: A) The construction of plastered floors and the use of altars in some homes. B) Differences found in the size of houses. Some houses were smaller and some houses were larger. C) The widespread use of military titles that were passed on to the eldest sons within the elite classes. D) Differences in burials. Seemingly, elites were buried with higher status objects.
C) The widespread use of military titles that were passed on to the eldest sons within the elite classes.
Cultures living along North America's Pacific coast: A) Did not settle in villages; they remained nomadic throughout the pre-Columbian period. B) Supported their growing populations primarily through farming. C) Took advantage of abundant ocean resources. D) Refused to trade with people living inland.
C) Took advantage of abundant ocean resources.
The Norte Chico civilization was different from other early civilizations in ALL of the following ways EXCEPT which one? A) It was politically "pristine." B) It developed very quickly. C) It endured for more than 1,300 years. D) It lacked agriculture.
D) It lacked agriculture.
Describe the transition to settled agriculture in Mesoamerica. A) Mesoamericans domesticated crops after becoming sedentary. To protect themselves from invaders, they settled into villages, developed their militaries, and then in about 1500 BCE began to develop agriculture. B) Mesoamericans practiced hunting and gathering and did not develop settled agriculture until Europeans arrived on the continent in the sixteenth century CE (1500s CE). C) Mesoamericans transitioned to settled agriculture as they domesticated crops. Tending to domesticated crops necessitated settled agriculture. These two transitions occurred at the same time. D) Mesoamericans domesticated crops before becoming sedentary. They cultivated crops in mobile agricultural bands, while continuing to hunt. As they began to plant more and hunt less over a period of about 2,000 years, they transitioned to living in sedentary villages.
D) Mesoamericans domesticated crops before becoming sedentary. They cultivated crops in mobile agricultural bands, while continuing to hunt. As they began to plant more and hunt less over a period of about 2,000 years, they transitioned to living in sedentary villages.
All of the following were early civilizations in Mesoamerica EXCEPT which one? A) The Olmec B) The Maya C) The Aztec D) The Moche
D) The Moche