Unit Six part 1

Latin America city model

Business in the center, people live around the center, poor people outside. Tijuana, Mexico follows the Latin American city model

world city

Centers of economic, culture, and political activity that are strongly interconnected and together control the global systems of finance and commerce. Although not the most populated cities they hold the most global power and influence New York city is a world city

infrastructure

The basic structure of services, installations, and facilities needed to support industrial, agricultural, and other economic development Larger cities will have more infrastructure than smaller citues. Services such as transport, communications, water, power and public utilities

primate city

The largest settlement in a country, if it has more than twice as many people as the second-ranking settlement. Often the economic center of a country or region, as well as political capitals New York City is New York states primate city as its population is 32 times bigger than the states second largest city

Infilling

The process by which population density in an urban centre is increased by building on waste land or underused land. The construction of new buildings in abandoned or unused lots, increasing population density A city with an abandoned hotel close to the CBD redesigning the land into residential areas

Suburbanization

The process of population movement from within towns and cities to the rural-urban fringe. Caused by the availability of transportation, as well as the spread of good outside of the city Houses often designed for the stereotypical american family, rows and rows of almost identical housing

urban sprawl

The process of urban areas expanding outwards, usually in the form of suburbs, and developing over fertile agricultural land. Caused by people who wish to maintain access to urban areas without living in the city center, supported by personal transportation Baltimore Maryland grew by 20% between 1970-1990, is a prime example of urban sprawl

Harris and Ulman Multiple Nuclei

They asserted that the Central Business District (CBD) was no longer the only center of an urban area or city. Due to the use of cars and transportation the CBD no longer needed to be at the core of urban land

Southeast Asian City Model

a spatial city model that includes an old colonial port zone that is the focal point of the city reflecting a city oriented around exports, and radiating outward from the port zone are the Western commercial zone and Alien commercial zone Bangkok Thailand loosely follows the Southeast Asian City Model

Exurbs

communities that arise farther out than the suburbs and are typically populated by residents of high socioeconomic status Relatively wealthy households, long solo commutes into urban cities for work, cheaper land than suburbs Lake Country, Florida is an Exurbs

Bid rent theory

geographical economic theory that refers to how the price and demand on real estate changes as the distance towards the Central Business District (CBD) increases. Cost of living increases closer to the CBD Why commuters chose to live in locations farther from central urban areas, as the land is cheaper

Galactic City Model

mini edge city that is connected to another city by beltways or highways Detroit,Michigan is an example of the galactic city model, with a inner city and suburban business areas surrounding it

African City Model

model that suggests that African cities have more than one CBD, which is a remanence of colonialism Mombasa Kenya is a city which follows the African City model

semi-periphery

positioned between the periphery and the core Less developed as the centre, but more developed than peripheral areas, have minimal impact on the economics. Mexico is a semi-periphery country

Boomburbs

rapidly growing city that remains essentially suburban in character even as it reaches populations more typical of a large city Urban Area within a suburb, rapidly growing larger than expected Urbana, Maryland is a boomburg

periphery

the outermost part or boundary located at the edge of a town or region away from the centre, often less developed or lower classes Appalachia, California is a peripheral area where technology is limited and wages are low

urban decentralization

the process in which cities spread out over a larger geographical area The establishment of housing and business away from the established city center Caused by an increase use of automobiles, business and housing branch away from a close knit circle

Hoyt Sector Model

the theory of urban structure that a city develops in a series of certain sectors, instead of rings. suggests that growth occurs along transportation routes Chicago is city which follows the hoyt sector model

Christaller's Central Place Theory

A theory formulated by Walter Christaller in the early 1900s that explains the size and distribution of cities in terms of a competitive supply of goods and services to dispersed populations. based on idea that settlements only existed to function as central places to provide services, taking account the importance of supply and demand

Globalization

Actions or processes that involve the entire world and result in making something worldwide in scope. Trade and technology have connected the world making it more interdependent, increases interactions between regions around the globe The ability to communicate with people in cities across the globe is a result of Globalization

Edge City

A large node of office and retail activities on the edge of an urban area. Caused by urban decentralization, as populations move and business expand away from city centers Tysons Corner, Virginia

Burgess Concentric Zone Model

A model of the internal structure of cities in which social groups are spatially arranged in a series of rings. Dives urban land into circles expanding from downtown to suburbs, established based off of american cities

Gravity Model

A model that holds that the potential use of a service at a particular location is directly related to the number of people in a location and inversely related to the distance people must travel to reach the service. Used to estimate the amount of interaction between two cities based on their size and distance two large cities close to each other will have more interaction than two smaller cities far away

metacities

A new term used to describe cities that have 20 million or more people Not used as often, metacities are often just describes as megacities Shanghai is a metacity with a population of 27.05 million

rank-size rule

A pattern of settlements in a country, such that the nth largest settlement is 1/n the population of the largest settlement. The population of a city will be approximately the largest cities population divided by the rank of the city in question if the largest city has a population of 1,000,000, and we want to know the population of the 4th largest city it will be 1,000,000/4.

urban hierarchy

A ranking of settlements according to their size and economic functions. The larger a settlement is, the higher it is on urban hierarchy, thus more services and functions it will have. Hagerstown is more urban and larger than smithsburg, thus has more housing and business

Megacities

cities with 10 million or more residents Used to describe cities with populations between 10 million Buenos Aires is a megacities with a population of 16,800,00