UNIT TEST 3 (MODULE 8)

data dictionary

compiles all of the metadata about the data elements in the data model. Looking at a data model along with reviewing the ____________ provides tremendous insight into the database's functions, purpose, and business rules.

metadata

provides details about data. For example, ________ for an image could include its size, resolution, and date created. _________ about a text document could contain document length, data created, author's name, and summary

attributes

(also called columns or fields) are the data elements associated with an entity.

entities

(also referred to as a table) stores information about a person, place, thing, transaction, or event.

data element

(or data field) is the smallest or basic unit of information. ____________ can include a customer's name, address, email, discount rate, preferred shipping method, product name, quantity ordered, and so on

advantages of blockchain/ bitcoin

-can send money quicker, cheaper and more secure -get rid of the middle man -extremely difficult to hack -farmers can create economies of scale it frees up capital flows, speeds processes, lowers transaction costs, and most importantly provides security and Trust

Miners

A Bitcoin________ is a computer specifically designed to solve problems according to the proof of work algorithm.

Cryptocurrency

a digital currency in which encryption techniques are used to regulate the generation of units of currency and verify the transfer of funds, operating independently of a central bank.

blockchain

a distributed ledger that provides a way for information to be recorded and shared by a community. In this community, each member maintains his or her own copy of the information and all members must validate any updates collectively. The information could represent transactions, contracts, assets, identities, or practically anything else that can be described in digital form.

double-spend

a potential flaw in a digital cash scheme in which the same single digital token can be spent more than once. This is possible because a digital token consists of a digital file that can be duplicated or falsified.

Bitcoin

a type of digital currency in which a record of transactions is maintained and new units of currency are generated by the computational solution of mathematical problems, and which operates independently of a central bank.

relational database management system

allows users to create, read, update, and delete data in a relational database.

data model

are logical data structures that detail the relationships among data elements using graphics or pictures.

integrity constraints

are rules that help ensure the quality of information. There are two types: (1) relational and (2) business critical.

redundant data

can cause storage issues along with data integrity issues, making it difficult to determine which values are the most current or most accurate.

Digital Ledger

consensus of replicated, shared, and synchronized digital data geographically spread across multiple sites, countries, or institutions.

database management system

creates, reads, updates, and deletes data in a database while controlling access and security. Managers send requests to the _______, and the _______ performs the actual manipulation of the data in the database.

business rule

defines how a company performs certain aspects of its business and typically results in either a yes/no or true/false answer. Stating that merchandise returns are allowed within 10 days of purchase is an example

Peer-to-peer

digital currency without a central bank or single administrator that can be sent from user-to-user on the ___________ bitcoin network without the need for intermediaries.

Hash

encryption algorithm that forms the mathematical foundation of e-discovery. _________ generates a unique alphanumeric value to identify a particular computer file, group of files, or even an entire hard drive.

records

is a collection of related data elements. Each _______ in an entity occupies one row in its respective table.

primary key

is a field (or group of fields) that uniquely identifies a given record in a table.

information integrity

is a measure of the quality of information.

foreign key

is a primary key of one table that appears as an attribute in another table and acts to provide a logical relationship between the two tables.

information redundancy

is the duplication of data, or the storage of the same data in multiple places.

database

maintains information about various types of objects (inventory), events (transactions), people (employees), and places (warehouses).

relational databases

stores information in the form of logically related two-dimensional tables.

structured query language (SQL)

that asks users to write lines of code to answer questions against a database.

query-by-example

that helps users graphically design the answer to a question against a database

Decentralization

the movement of departments of a large organization away from a single administrative center to other locations.