Urologic Disorders
Which of the following comments by a patient shows understanding of the dietary changes that may help in interstitial cystitis? "I should probably give up or limit my morning cup of coffee." "I need to become a vegetarian." "I need to drink less water each day in order to urinate less." "Spicy food may help alleviate my symptoms."
"I should probably give up or limit my morning cup of coffee."
Which statements made by a student nurse demonstrate understanding of the epidemiology of common urologic disorders? Select all that apply. "The lifetime prevalence of urolithiasis is 12 percent for women in the United States." "Young adult men are 30 times more likely to suffer from a lower urinary tract infection than young adult women." "Urolithiasis is a common cause of urinary obstruction and is more common in women." "Urinary incontinence is more common in women then in men." "Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a common cause of urinary obstruction."
"Urinary incontinence is more common in women then in men." "Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a common cause of urinary obstruction."
A nurse is working with a patient who finds her incontinence to be very embarrassing. She is wondering if any medications are available that could help her. What class of medications does the clinician consider? Angiotensin receptor blockers Corticosteroids Anticholinergic Antileukotrienes
Anticholinergic
A patient presents with no urinary tract symptoms, yet two consecutive urinalysis results reveal a colony count exceeding 100,000 bacteria. What is the possible diagnosis? Asymptomatic bacteriuria Bladder cancer Urinary incontinence Interstitial cystitis
Asymptomatic bacteriuria
Can you differentiate the various urologic disorders? Drag and drop the statements that apply to each disorder to the box. Asymptomatic bacteriuria Elevated bacteria level in urinalysis and culture Physical findings are absent Cloudy urine Asymptomatic Increase fluid intake and Kegel exercises Low-grade fever If no symptoms present, no antibiotics recommended Low animal protein and sodium diet
Asymptomatic bacteriuria Elevated bacteria level in urinalysis and culture Asymptomatic If no symptoms present, no antibiotics recommended Physical findings are absent
A patient has unexplained hematuria with no pain. Which diagnostic follow-through may be most helpful? IV pyelogram procedure Postvoid volume measurement Straining the urine Cystoscopy
Cystoscopy
Bladder cancer Painful urination Physical findings are absent Cystoscopy Elevated bacteria level in urinalysis and culture Hematuria without pain Interior surface most commonly affected Surgical resection of tumor Urinary cough test and cotton swab test
Cystoscopy Hematuria without pain Interior surface most commonly affected Surgical resection of tumor
Which organism is the most common cause of lower urinary tract infections? Staphylococcus aureus Proteus Staphylococcus saprophyticus Escherichia coli
Escherichia coli
A patient is recommended for a urodynamic study. Which of the following pieces of information can be learned from this study? Select all that apply. Functioning of the bladder Postvoid volume Pyelonephritis Stones in the ureters Bladder filling and emptying
Functioning of the bladder Postvoid volume Bladder filling and emptying
What type of lesion is present in ulcerative interstitial cystitis? Hunner Interstitial Langerhans Kuppfer
Hunner
Which term refers to distention of the renal calyces and pelvis? Hydronephrosis Cystitis Pyelonephritis Urolithiasis
Hydronephrosis
A clinician needs to be able to assess a patient's suspected renal calculi. What diagnostic tools may aid the clinician? Select all that apply. IV pyelogram (IVP) procedure Cystoscopy Cough test Computed tomography (CT) scan Urinalysis
IV pyelogram (IVP) procedure Computed tomography (CT) scan
Can you differentiate the various urologic disorders? Drag and drop the statements that apply to each disorder to the box. Lower UTI Increased frequency and urgency of urination Painful urination with cloudy urine Inability to hold urine Kegel exercises and vaginal ring pessaries for management Antibiotics for infective agent and phenazopyridine (Pyridium) for pain Urinalysis positive for nitrites and leukocyte esterase Laser ablation of tumor
Increased frequency and urgency of urination Painful urination with cloudy urine Antibiotics for infective agent and phenazopyridine (Pyridium) for pain Urinalysis positive for nitrites and leukocyte esterase
A patient complains that she feels she must urinate three times an hour or more. She says urinating helps relieve the discomfort she feels. But she says this is disrupting her life. Which of the following disorders is most likely present? Renal calculi Asymptomatic bacteriuria Interstitial cystitis Pyelonephritis
Interstitial cystitis
A patient is diagnosed with interstitial cystitis. Which of the following would apply to this patient? Need to urinate 50 times per day or more Urosepsis Urine leakage with coughing Urolithiasis
Need to urinate 50 times per day or more
Can you differentiate the various urologic disorders? Drag and drop the statements that apply to each disorder to the box. Urinary incontinence Urinary cough test and cotton swab test Blood may be apparent in urine Painful urination Elevated bacteria levels Kegel exercises, vaginal ring pessaries, and minimally invasive surgery are used for management Inability to suppress urine leakage IVP and CT scan if needed
Kegel exercises, vaginal ring pessaries, and minimally invasive surgery are used for management Inability to suppress urine leakage Urinary cough test and cotton swab test
A patient is unable to pass a renal calculi. Which of the following treatment options may the clinician consider? Insertion of medications in the bladder Lithotripsy Ingestion of a beverage formulation designed to break up the stone Immediate surgery
Lithotripsy
A woman is diagnosed with stress incontinence. Which of the following are risk factors for this disorder? Select all that apply. Multiple childbirths Low estrogen levels Female sex Young age Postmenopausal
Multiple childbirths Female sex Postmenopausal
A patient mentions that bladder cancer runs in his family. Which signs and symptoms may appear in this cancer? Blood in the urine with severe pain upon urination Increased urge to urinate No pain with urination, but blood appears in urine Urinating up to 50 times per day
No pain with urination, but blood appears in urine
Which of the following is true regarding interstitial cystitis? Interstitial cystitis is a painless condition. Pain from interstitial cystitis may be relieved with urination. Interstitial cystitis leads to bladder cancer. The cause of interstitial cystitis is known.
Pain from interstitial cystitis may be relieved with urination.
A nurse is caring for a patient with bladder cancer. Which symptom should the nurse expect to find? Urgency, frequency, and dysuria Painless, intermittent, gross hematuria Burning sensation on urination Discharge from the urethra
Painless, intermittent, gross hematuria
A nursing educator is discussing that urinary incontinence is often under-reported. What is the primary reason for this under-reporting that nursing students should know? Urinary incontinence is extremely rare. Patients may be embarrassed to share details of incontinence. Most patients do not know what urinary incontinence is. No documentation system tracks urinary incontinence.
Patients may be embarrassed to share details of incontinence.
Interstitial cystitis Asymptomatic Pelvic pain and urgency to urinate IVP and CT scan Inability to suppress urine leakage Filling cystometry Recommendation to avoid certain foods Pain lessened with urination Need to urinate up to 50 times per day
Pelvic pain and urgency to urinate Filling cystometry Recommendation to avoid certain foods Pain lessened with urination Need to urinate up to 50 times per day
A patient states that she once took a medication that turned her urine red. What medication does the nurse think the patient is referring to? Pyridium Fluconazole Methicillin Lasix
Pyridium
A patient's chart lists the presence of incontinence. With no further information provided, which type of the incontinence is the nurse most likely to encounter in the patient? Overflow Stress Neurogenic Functional
Stress
For which disorder may a nurse suggest Kegel exercises? Stress incontinence Asymptomatic bacteriuria Urinary tract infection (UTI) Overactive bladder
Stress incontinence
Which of the following are treatments for urinary incontinence? Select all that apply. Surgery Exercises that strengthen the pelvic floor Medical devices such as urethral occlusive devices Dietary restrictions Lithotripsy
Surgery Exercises that strengthen the pelvic floor Medical devices such as urethral occlusive devices
The following assessment results for a patient are reviewed: urine culture revealed a high level of colony-forming units. Urine was cloudy in appearance and the patient reports pain with urination. No fever or other symptoms are present. What conclusion may the clinician make? Interstitial cystitis Asymptomatic bacteriuria Urinary tract infection (UTI) Bladder cancer
Urinary tract infection (UTI)
For which of the following conditions would the clinician need to recommend straining of the urine? Urinary tract infection (UTI) Asymptomatic bacteriuria Urosepsis Urolithiasis
Urolithiasis
Urolithiasis Cloudy urine Back and flank pain and dysuria Costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness, low-grade fever, and crystalluria IVP and CT scan if needed High fluid intake and low animal protein and sodium diet Asymptomatic Pelvic floor exercises
urine Back and flank pain and dysuria Costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness, low-grade fever, and crystalluria IVP and CT scan if needed High fluid intake and low animal protein and sodium diet
Stones located along the urinary tract are known as __________________. hydronephrosis urolithiasis interstitial nephritis pyelonephritis
urolithiasis
