us government - unit 1: the history of civics and government
which class rose to new power and established assemblies and tribunals to serve their needs?
plebeians
match each term with the correct definition.
prime minister : head of the majority party in the lower house speaker of the lower house : presiding officer over elected officials from the counties frontbenchers : members of parliament who are loyal to the prime minister backbenchers : majority members of parliament who are not in a leadership position senate : legislative body; also called the upper house
read the sentence. the albany plan was the first step in determining how to establish a government that would _[blank]_ the colonies. which option correctly completes the sentence?
unite
the fourth amendment protects people from what?
unlawful searches and seizures
which documents were influenced by the magna carta? select all that apply.
us constitution declaration of independence
which ideas were created by james madison? select all that apply.
virginia plan three-fifths compromise
which english parliament traditions were adopted into the constitution? select all that apply.
bicameral legislature representative government
which features of the massachusetts constitution later influenced the writers of the us constitution?
bicameral legislature and power of veto
which church promoted charlemagne's divine right to rule?
catholic church
read the sentence. because king james ii had abused his power, the english bill of rights sought to increase the power of _[blank]_. which terms correctly complete the sentence? select all that apply.
citizens parliament
lesson 4
colonial governments
match each term with the correct definition.
communism : all property is controlled by the state in the name of the people socialism : the state regulates the economy and provides many goods and services fascism : an extreme form of nationalism democracy : rule by the people republic : rule by democratically elected representatives
which identifies the fundamental principles and laws by which a state or country is governed?
constitution
lesson 5
creating a new government
match each term with the correct definition.
dictatorship : rule by a single individual oligarchy : rule by a small group of individuals theocracy : rule by religious leaders absolute monarchy : rule by a hereditary head of state unitary : rule by a central government
what services did catholic church provide to ease the burden of peasants serving under feudalism?
education health care
read the sentence. the necessary and proper clause is also called the _[blank]_ clause because it allows congress to stretch its powers beyond those specifically enumerated in the constitution. which option correctly completes the sentence?
elastic
lesson 3
enlightenment
which functions of government are defined in the preamble to the constitution? select all that apply.
establish justice for citizens provide for the common defense
which best describes the role of mercantilism during the 1600s?
european countries wanted to expand their wealth by exporting raw materials from colonies.
which options are common to both the british parliament and the us government system? select all that apply.
executive house and senate
match each term with the correct definition.
feudalism : a system in which people worked and fought for nobles, who in turn gave them protection and use of land servient tenement : land that is owned by a landlord and worked by others in servitude divine right : the idea that monarchs were placed in their positions by god and ruled by his command warrior class : in the feudal system, individuals who fought for the noble classes; known as knights in europe and samural in japan bonds of obedience : in the feudal system, the code of conduct followed by the warrior class; known as chivalry in europe and bushido in japan
how did the pilgrims influence the notion of representative democracy?
government officials were selected locally.
how did pericles encourage athenians to take responsibility in government?
he advised them to write their own constitution.
what was jefferson's view of government and religion?
he believed that church and state should be separate.
what led king john i to sign the magna carta?
he wanted to maintain peace with the nobles
read the sentence. the articles of confederation was exposed as an ineffective governing system because _[blank]_. which option correctly completes the sentence?
individual states could ignore the united states government
how did the articles of confederation give limited powers to the national government?
it could not tax the people.
why is the mayflower compact important?
it was the first document of self-government in the new world.
how did the accessibility of individuals to their church council in jamestown impact government?
jamestown colonists expected to have access to government officials.
read the sentence. adam smith believed that governments should not interfere in the economy. this approach is known as _[blank]_ . which best completes the sentence?
laissez faire
which powers are enumerated for congress in the constitution? select all that apply.
lay taxes declare war
match each term with the correct definition.
market economy : economy dominated by private business command economy : government-controlled economy mixed market economy : government offers some goods and services traditional economy : economy that is based on custom
which statement is characteristic of a traditional economy?
most people are involved in agriculture
what ideas were brought forth by john locke's two treatises of civil government? select all that apply.
natural rights social contract
read the sentence. _[blank]_ believed if slaves were counted as part of the population then they should be taxed accordingly. which option correctly completes the sentence?
northerners
why did benjamin franklin change thomas jefferson's original phase of "we hold these truths to be sacred" to "we hold these truths to be self-evident"?
only through reason could a new nation protect the rights of the people.
how do britain's proportional elections influence the government?
proportional elections allow minority parties greater representation, but the larger number of representatives may make it difficult for members of government to form coalitions.
which civil liberties are enumerated in the bill of rights? select all that apply.
right to privacy right to equal protection under the law
what is the upper house also referred to as?
senate
which ideas in the us constitution were included earlier in georgia's constitution? select all that apply.
separation of powers basic rights for individuals
read the sentence. the spartan system of government provides the united states with a model for _[blank]_. which option correctly completes the sentence?
separation of powers between different branches
read the sentence. the magna carta helped to establish the idea of a ____ between the government and its citizens. which option correctly completes the sentence?
social contract
what do federalism and dual sovereignty mean with respect to the constitution?
state and federal governments would each have their own separate powers.
how many states were needed to ratify the constitution in 1789?
ten
read the quotation. governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed. how did the articles of confederation successfully implement this ideal from the declaration of independence? select all that apply.
the articles gave equal voting power to all states in the congress. the articles required 9 or more of the 13 states to approve new laws.
how did the mayflower compact influence later american government? select all that apply.
the colonial council that it established resembled the city councils currently in place in the united states like the us constitution, it was a written agreement between individuals about how their government would work.
what governmental practices led to the writing of the english bill of rights? select all that apply.
the crown had tortured the accused to receive confessions for crimes. james ii created a standing army that killed hundreds of protestants. james ii had created laws restricting the right of protestants to bear arms.
how did the virginia statute for religious freedom impact the development of the us government?
the first amendment prevented congress from establishing a state religion.
what was the house of burgesses?
the first elected legislature in north america
lesson 1
the history of government
read this statement by thomas jefferson. "that to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed." where does the power of the government come from, according to jefferson?
the people
which statement best describes the role of the monarch under the british parliamentary system?
the power of the monarch is limited by the constitution
what does the tenth amendment give to the states?
the powers not given to the federal government
what did the second charter of virginia provide to the colonists?
the rights to establish a representative government
in which work did rousseau state that surrendering individual rights for the good of all would create equality for everyone?
the social contract
why did so many pilgrims and puritans move to the new world?
they were persecuted for their religion in england and wanted religious freedom in the new world.
read the sentence. plato believed that a _[blank]_ would arise out of an aristocracy if individuals who had been selected to serve were not of the best quality. which option correctly completes the sentence?
timocracy
why was the philadelphia convention called in 1787?
to amend the articles of confederation
why did the british parliament create the english bill of rights?
to strengthen the rights of citizens
what are some of the similarities between the magna carta and the united states constitution? select all that apply.
trial by jury of one's peers separation of church and state
how did the romans influence the creation of a representative government and written law? select all that apply.
writing down the law and making it available to the public allowing elected leaders to speak for the citizens they represented
how did the prince change european thinking?
the book looked at political leadership in a realistic rather than idealistic way.
why did colonist leaders hold a conference in albany, new york, in 1754?
to determine how to defend the british colonies in north america
what prompted king james i to issue a second charter to give colonists more rights to land and government?
the success of the jamestown colony
what was the significance of the law of the twelve tables?
these laws were simple to understand and were made available to the citizens.
who was the author of the declaration of independence?
thomas jefferson
lesson 2
feudalism and change
which option identifies a primary goal of mercantilism?
amassing wealth through trade
what agreement served as the first constitution of the 13 original states?
articles of confederation
what was the predecessor to the articles of confederation?
albany plan of union
what the main difference between a federal government and a unitary government?
a federal government shares power with state and local governments while a unitary government has complete control over local governments.
match each key term with the correct definition.
a government in which power is held by the most qualified individuals who have no interest in monetary gain : aristocracy a government consisting of a small group of people : oligarchy a government based on the principles of military glory; rules include military personnel : timocracy a government established through one person coming to power in order to maintain order but exercising power in an unjust manner : tyranny a government that replaced rulers who mistreated the masses and became a system where the lower classes vote for how the government should be run : mobocracy
what statement describes an advantage and disadvantage of a market economy?
a market economy encourages business opportunities but does little to address income inequality.
which point did james madison make in federalist no. 51?
a system of checks and balances would prevent power from becoming concentrated in any one branch or person.
in the spirit of the laws, montesquieu lays out a system for what type of government?
a three-branch government
