US History Chapter 12

Uncle Tom's Cabin

-A book written by Harriet Beecher Stowe -This book was about the realities of slavery. It made slavery appear almost as evil as it really was. People were being exposed to something that you had no idea about it. -This books caught the attention of everyday people. This causes more and more americans to begin to discuss slavery. Lincoln said this was the book that made the civil war happen

David Walker

-A free black man -Wrote a pamphlet called An Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World which was a fierce indictment of slavery and racism that called upon all blacks to mobilize-by force if necessary against this peculiar institution. He invoked the bible and the declaration of independence to appeal to the masses -His message is significant because Walker is a pioneering abolitionist who is advocating freedom by means of war. He is advocating militant abolitionism.

An Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World

-A pamphlet written by David Walker -Which was a fierce indictment of slavery and racism that called upon all blacks to mobilize-by force if necessary against this peculiar institution. -This pamphlet is significant because Walker (a pioneering abolitionist who is advocating freedom) by means of war. It advocates militant abolitionism

The Second Great Awakening

-A series of religious revivals -Where americans are trying to get in touch with their faith more and more. It should bring about change according to the Americans. Had an enormous impact on older reform movements -This leads many people to a more radical direction. Religion is essential in this time for change

American Colonization Society

-A society put in place to help solve the slavery problem -These men are against enslavement however this does not mean that they are for equality. The wanted to gradually abolish and resettle all black Americans to Africa to a place called Liberia -Significance is that this is the first step to try and solve the issue of slavery, its failure will ultimately abolish slavery as soon as possible

William Lloyd Garrison

-A white male abolitionist -He wrote a militant anti-slavery newspaper called The Liberator. He wrote about many of the things David Walker did. Wrote the pamphlet The Thoughts on African Colonization But because he is white it is different. He burned a copy of the constitution -This is significant because he is white and more americans are willing to get on board with abolishing slavery. He had the capacity to change minds. The ability to change the minds of individuals in favor of slavery to change their mind.

Lucretia Mott

-A woman abolitionist -Wanted to partake in the World Anti-Slavery Convention. But when she got to London she was denied entry because she was a woman. -Got so angry that she and Elizabeth created the Seneca Falls Convention of 1848.

Elizabeth Cady Stanton

-A woman abolitionist -Wanted to partake in the World Anti-Slavery Convention. But when she got to London she was denied entry because she was a woman. -Got so angry that she and Lucretia created the Seneca Falls Convention of 1848.

Harriet Beecher Stowe

-A women abolitionist (one of most significant), an author who invokes religion and entertainment -Wrote a book called Uncle Tom's Cabin, this book was about the realities of slavery. It made slavery appear almost as evil as it really was. People were being exposed to something that you had no idea about it -This books caught the attention of everyday people. This causes more and more americans to begin to discuss slavery. She makes slavery a household discussion

Horace Mann

-An educator -Who advocates for public education through the use of government taxing. Hoped for a universal public education could restore equality to a fractured society by bringing the children of all classes together in a common learning experience, equipping the less fortunate the ability to advance in society -Without the works of him we would not have the tax supported education system that we have today, that grants everyone the means necessary to be educated

Fredrick Douglas

-An honest black man born a slave who is taught to read at a young age. One of the most articulate men in the 19th century -He runs away twice, and the second time he gets free. He writes an autobiography about his life, and people read it. People are shocked that a black man could write like this. He travels and gives speeches about his life as a slave and the evils of slavery. He travels to England where they are so impressed by him that they buy his freedom. -This proves that an education given to anyone can create the best person our society has to offer. He changed the minds of many by simply being.

Colonization

-An idea put in place by the American Colonization Society -The society wanted to gradually abolish and resettle all black Americans to Africa to a place called Liberia. So they wanted to recolonize them to Liberia. Most African Americans opposed the idea of colonization -Significance is that this is the first step to try and solve the issue of slavery, its failure will ultimately abolish slavery as soon as possible

The Abolitionist Movement

-Collection of Americans (men and women, poor and rich, educated and not) who are opposed to slavery -They achieved occasional victories, such as the end of school segregation in Massachusetts in 1855. They insisted that freedom possessed an economic dimension. -First racially integrated social movement

Seneca Falls Convention of 1848

-Convention located in New York that was started by Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton -Created the document Seneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments which addresses the issues of being a women in this time period. Raised the issue of suffrage and condemns the entire structure of inequality against women i.e. education, employment, property, and wages -The significance is that the development of this document at this convention allowed for the women's rights movement to happen. The Genesis of the Women's Rights Movement

Seneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments

-Outlines and addresses the issues of being a women in this time period -Raised the issue of suffrage and condemns the entire structure of inequality against women i.e. education, employment, property, and wages -The significance is that the development of this document allowed for the women's rights movement to happen. The Genesis of the Women's Rights Movement

The Temperance Movements

-Temperance literally means the moderation of liquor consumption and the movement did exactly this -Women, clergymen, and members of congress views alcohol as a demon rum, so they set out to put limitations on it -The American Temperance Society and The Women's Christian Temperance Union was formed during this movement in 1826. Religion is essential in this time for change and since women are who the children look up to they are hugely responsible for this

Theodore Weld

-Young minister who knew religion and could appeal to the young -Helped create the movement's mass constituency. He has a simple message that was "slavery was a sin" -He is significant because he utilizes religion to propagate the message that slavery is wrong/a sin