U.S. History Final (Ch 28-29)

treaty that Nixon and the Soviet Union signed to limit nuclear arms

Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT I)

the nation's wealth earned by the top 5% began to:

rise

a disease that weakened the immune system, first discovered in homosexual men

AIDS

President Nixon's Democratic opponent in the 1972 presidential election

George McGovern

television station launched by Ted Turner

WTBS

Impeachment

to charge the holder of a public office (usually the president) with misconduct

Silent Spring

a book by Rachel Carson that assailed the increasing use of pesticides

stagflation

combination of rising prices and economic stagflation

Camp David Accords

historic peace treaty between Israel and Egypt, brokered by President Carter

retailers sell:

large quantities of goods at low prices

took Nixon to court to make him give up the Watergate tapes and was eventually fired at the president's request

Archibald Cox

conservative Republican nominee for president in 1964

Barry Goldwater

Protestant minister who built a national following

Billy Graham

limited campaign contributions and established an independent agency to administer stricter election laws

Federal Campaign Act Amendments

shah

Iranian monarch supported by the United States

member of President Nixon's inner circle who leveled accusations against the president

John Dean

movement founded by Jerry Falwell that backed conservative candidates and issues

Moral Majority

a policy that dismantled a number of federal programs and gave more control to state and local governments

New Federalism

Why was American manufacturing on the decline by the 1970's?

Prices on imported oil began to rise dramatically

Reagan's encouragement to raise interest rates and pass a massive tax cut

Reaganomics

bills that granted federal funds to state and local agencies

Revenue-sharing bills

Who sent his army to invade oil-rich Kuwait in August 1990?

Saddam Hussein

What development was necessary for conservatives to build a coalition that could elect a president?

Southerners began shifting their votes to the Republican party

Southern and western region of the United States

Sunbelt

The tax cut Reagan won from Congress would increase the deficit, so what did Reagan propose?

The cutting of social programs

protest of students and workers calling for democracy in China

Tiamnanmen Square protest

Nixon's policy of turning the responsibility for South Vietnam's defense over to the South Vietnamese military

Vietnamization

worked to spread conservative ideas to a wider audience by founding the magazine "National Review"

William F. Buckley

Environmental Defense Fund

a group of scientists to finance a series of legal actions in the late 1960's and early 1970's to halt DDT spraying

Clean Air Act

act that established emissions standards for factories and automobiles

Rehabilitation Act of 1973

act that prohibited discrimination against people with disabilities by any federally funded program

The Indian Bill of Rights Act of 1968

act that recognized the legitimacy of local reservation law and guaranteed reservation residents the protections of the Bill of Rights

the cause of the rapid economic growth

baby boomers entering the workforce

recession began in the late 90s caused partly by the end of the Cold War, because the US:

began reducing its armed forces and cancelling orders for military equipment

paid by businesses and investors when they sell stocks or real estate for a profit

capital gains tax

University of California Regents v. Bakke

case that ruled that universities could not use "fixed quotas" to maintain a diverse student body

laying off workers and managers to increase a company's efficiency

downsizing

Nixon's policy that profoundly eased tensions between the Soviet Union and the United States

détente

The largest religious group within the social conservative movement that formed by the late 1970s

evangelical Protestants

President Nixon expressed hope that a "competent cabinet" of advisers could run the country, allowing him to focus on:

foreign affairs

man who ordered the Watergate break-in

former Attorney General John Mitchell

"openness," allowing more freedom of religion and speech in the Soviet Union

glasnost

after Watergate, could be appointed to investigate and prosecute wrongdoing by high government officials

independent counsel

who the strong economic growth benefited the most

middle and upper-class Americans

Ayatollah Khomeini

name of Iran's monarch

Although the Supreme Court had ordered an end to segregated public schools in 1954, many schools remained segregated in the early 1970's because:

neighborhoods were still segregated and children went to neighborhood schools

OPEC

organization of petroleum exporting countries who embargoed oil to countries that supported Israel

"restructuring," allowing some private enterprise and profit making in the Soviet Union

perestroika

foreign oil

problem that President Jimmy Carter believed was the largest problem related to the US economy

term used by presidential candidate Jesse Jackson for a broad group of minorities and the poor

rainbow coalition

After inflation surged in 1978, President Carter responded by reducing the money supply and:

raising interest rates

inflation

rise in the cost of goods

this group of people began lobbying for Social Security and Medicare

senior citizens

Reagan's first act as president

sign an executive order eliminating price control on oil and gasoline, a step towards deregulation

Liberals tend to favor government intervention in the economy, they are generally suspicious of attempts to use government to regulate:

social behavior

high-level diplomatic meeting

summit

For many Americans, the conservative idea that the government had become too big meant simply that:

taxes were too high

policy that Nixon announced that the United States would now expect its allies to take care of their own defense

the Nixon Doctrine

Independent Living Movement

the beginning of the disability rights movement

Earth Day

the beginning of the environmental movement

what Mikhail Gorbachev announced in late December 1991

the end of the Soviet Union

Native Americans

the group that wanted more independence from mainstream society

Reagan launched the largest peacetime build-up of:

the military

executive privelege

the privilege, claimed by the president for the executive branch of the US government, of withholding information in the public interest.

What was one purpose of President Nixon's trip to China?

to encourage the Soviets to pursue diplomacy more actively

Helsinki Accords

treaty that addressed a large range of global issues, signed by NATO and the Warsaw Pact

good jobs and adequate schools

two things civil rights leaders began to focus on securing African American access to

Spiro Agnew

vice president who was forced to resign in disgrace when investigators learned that he accepted bribes.

entertainment technology that changed television viewing habits as well as the movie industry

videocassette recorders

reverse discrimination

what critics called affirmative action programs that emerged in the 1970s