Us History- New National Government

What does the Second Amendment of the Bill of Rights state?

Americans have the right to bear arms.

required unanimous consent from all states for amendments• regulated the sale of government-owned land to settlers• created a national government consisting solely of a single house of Congress in which each state would have one vote

Articles of Confederation.

Which excerpt from the U.S. Constitution reflects the principle of checks and balances?

Every Bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives and the Senate, shall, before it become a Law, be presented to the President of the United States; If he approve he shall sign it, but if not he shall return it.

What event helped establish compensation for soldiers after the Revolutionary War?

Newburgh Mutiny (One of the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation was that it did not give Congress the power to levy taxes. As a result, the government was unable to pay many of its veteran soldiers of the Revolutionary War. A group of these soldiers stationed at Newburgh threatened to mutiny unless they were paid, and, though they were convinced not to, the event was enough to convince the Congress to pass new laws regarding soldiers' compensation.)

Which of the following was one event that convinced early American leaders that the Articles of Confederation needed to be replaced by a document that would provide for a stronger central government?

Shays' Rebellion

How is the principle of federalism reflected in the U.S. Constitution?

The Constitution acknowledges state governments, which must share power with the federal government. (Federalism is the principle of two sovereigns: the state governments and the federal government. The delegates at the Constitutional Convention hoped that competition between the two would be an effective limitation on the power of both. While the federal government can coin money, make treaties, and have a military, the state government can collect taxes, pass social laws, and regulate common utilities.)

Which convention of American government reflects the principle of popular sovereignty?

The House of Representatives is composed of individuals elected every two years directly by the people. (Popular sovereignty means that the people have the power to elect their leaders. This principle is reflected by the fact that representatives, senators, and governors are elected directly by the people. The Electoral College that elects the president is not an example of popular sovereignty. Many think it should be abolished.)

Why did the Continental Congress have a difficult time funding the Continental Army?

The central government established under the Articles of Confederation had no power to collect taxes.

"Every Bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives and the Senate, shall, before it become a Law, be presented to the President of the United States; If he approve he shall sign it, but if not he shall return it, with his Objections to that House in which it shall have originated, who shall enter the Objections at large on their Journal, and proceed to reconsider it. If after such Reconsideration two thirds of that House shall agree to pass the Bill, it shall be sent, together with the Objections, to the other House, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered, and if approved by two thirds of that House, it shall become a Law." The passage above from Article 1, Section 7 of the U.S. Constitution reflects the principle of

checks and balances.

Because of the Constitutional principle of _______, the central government must share power with local and state governments.

federalism

The first 10 amendments to the U.S. Constitution are designed to protect which principle of American government?

individual rights (The first 10 amendments to the U.S. Constitution is the Bill of Rights, which is designed to protect individual rights such as freedom of speech, the right to bear arms, and the right to a speedy trial by jury.)

The Constitutional principle of checks and balances is exemplified by

presidential veto. (The principle of checks and balances holds that the three branches of government (judicial, legislative, and executive) have to work together to make sure that no one body becomes too powerful. Thus, the presidential veto is a good example because it is a "check" on the power of Congress.)

During the Treaty of Paris negotiations in 1783, what were the primary issues the American negotiators fought for?

recognition of U.S. independence and marking of boundaries

• Freedom of speech• Freedom of the press• Freedom to peaceably assemble• Freedom to petition the government• Freedom of religion The rights above are all included in

the First Amendment.

Which plan settled the debate over state representation in Congress?

the Great Compromise (The Great Compromise resolved disagreements between the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan by establishing a bicameral legislative branch. To satisfy the small states, there would be a Senate with two members from every state regardless of population. To appeal to the larger states, a House of Representatives would have state representation based on population. This agreement is also called the Connecticut Compromise.)

The Electoral College was created for two reasons. First, it was part of the government's structure that gave extra power to the smaller states. What was the second reason?

to create a buffer between the population and the selection of a president

What problem was addressed by the New Jersey Plan?

unequal representation of smaller states

The Virginia Plan addressed which problem in the Articles of Confederation?

weak legislature (The Virginia Plan proposed a stronger national government that could account for weaknesses the Articles of Confederation had shown. It created new provisions such as three separate branches of government, but its emphasis on population-based representation meant that smaller states would not accept it without revision.)

Which of the following would most likely be a part of a limited government?

written restraints on government power (A limited government is any government where power is curtailed, most particularly in the areas of personal freedoms and the economy. Limited governments will often have their powers written down in the form of a constitution. The United States Constitution, for example, outlines the powers of government. Any powers not expressly given to the federal government are then given to the states or to the people. Laws and limits that are outlined by the constitution must be followed by all members of society, even government leaders.)