US History: Reasons for Expansionism and the Story of Hawaii Notes

Why did imperialism become important?

To american foreign policy after the U.S. won the Spanish-American War of 1898.

Results of Hawaiian Anexation

When President Mckinley annexed Hawaii in 1898, a naval base was established shortly thereafter. Hawaii did not become a state until 1959.

Who is Admiral Alfred Thayer Mahan?

Wrote Influence of Sea Power Upon History and argues: - To be a World power, you need a powerful navy. - Need naval bases around the world, so your navy could refuel and support trade. Father of the Modern Navy. Leading advocate for imperial expansion.

4 reasons for expansion.

1. Need for raw materials and markets -As an industrial power, the US needed raw materials and a place to sell their crops/products. 2. Strategic Reasons-creating and maintaining navel bases around around the globe to help build a powerful navy and protect U.S. interests. 3. Nationalism- expanding U.S. territory to show strength and power. 4. Attitudes toward other people: - Some Americans believed they were superior to other races ( Social Darwinism) . - " White Man's Burden" to civilize the uncivilized - Progressives wanted to help others. Missionaries wanted to convert people.

What is Foreign Policy?

A country's policies towards another country. Purpose-to promote a nation;s economic and military interests.

America in Hawaii

Hawaiian Islands were a fueling station for American ships crossing the Pacific Ocean. Wealthy Americans started settling in Hawaii and building sugar and pineapple plantations. Missionaries were sent to covert natives. American landowners promotes rebellion and overthrew the queen. Provisional government set up- Sanford B.Dole established as a leader. Asked President Cleveland to annex Hawaii. - Annex- to incorporate a territory into an existing political state. - President Cleveland said NO because he thought planters took power--not the will of the people. Dole served as Hawaii's president until Hawaii was annexed from 1900-1903.

What were Anti-Imperialists?

Opposed to "forcing" colonial rule on others. Felt that imperalism violated basic principles of self-government ( American founding principles!) Many joined together and formed the American Ante-Imperialist League in 1898. Included--Mark Twain, American Carnegie.

Imperalism

extending a country's power and influence by diplomacy or force.