US1H final #2

When President Jackson's enemies spoke of the "Kitchen Cabinet", they were referring to A. A group of old friends and unofficial advisors of the president B. A number of persons of low social standing, including a former cook, who were appointed by Jackson to high cabinet positions C. A suggestion as to where Jackson might keep the federal government's money if he removed it from the Bank of the United States D. A coterie of Jackson supporters in the US Senate E. Several state governors who supported Jackson

A

The case of Marbury v Madison is a good example of which basic principle in the US government? a. freedom of speech b. checks and balances c. Separation of church and state d. Protection of states' rights

B

During the first half of the nineteenth century, what motivated Americans to continue the trend illustrated in the map above A. Access to valuable resources that would fuel American development B. The development of a cohesive national identity C. The advancement of the rights and liberties of new groups incorporated into the United States D. Opening of significant trade relations with Central and South American nations

C

Some Native American peoples in the Southeast were called the "five civilized tribes" because a. they joined together in alliance b. they welcomed white settlers on their land c. they had adopted aspects of European culture d. their traditional cultures had written languages

C

What was the main factor contributing to rapid population growth in the 1840s and beyond? (a) widespread immigration (b) increased imports of slaves (c) rising birthrates (d) improved health (e) acquisition of new territories

A

Which of the following developments most directly encouraged the trend revealed in the map above during the United States' first half-century? A improvements in transportation B. Peaceful relations with major Native American tribes C. Congressional prohibitions on the expansion of slavery D. American isolation from foreign threats

A

Nullification promotes the idea of a. nationalism b. states' rights c. judicial review d. territorial expansion

B

The conflict described in the passage best reflects the ongoing debates about... A. the profitability of American industrialization B. The growth of the United States' involvement in the international market economy C. Lack of trust in the ability of the nation's two-party system to solve problems politically D. The outspoken efforts of the Supreme Court to oppose the expansion of central power

B

Henry James's assertion that the embargo would "shake the Union itself" is most clearly supported by which of the following processes occurring in the US at the time? A. Increased sectionalism in the nation's economic and political foundations B. The decline of the Federalist party's ability to command national influence C. Growing federal support for national infrastructure for trade D. The Supreme Court's insistence upon the sovereignty of national laws related to interstate commerece

A

In the 1790s political conflict between Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton, Jefferson would have been more likely to A. Take a narrow view of the Constitution B. Favor Britain over France in the European wars C. Favor the establishment of a national bank D. Win the cooperation of presidents George Washington and John Adams E. Oppose the efforts of Citizen Genet in America

A

The "loose construction" interpretation of the Constitution refers to the notion that (A) in carrying out its duties, the central government can take any measure not specifically prohibited by the Constitution (B) all powers not expressly given to the central government belong to the states (C) the judiciary branch should be the final voice in interpreting the law (D) Congress may pass only those laws and take only those actions that are deemed necessary to the conduct the business of the United States (E) the central government can act only as defined by the Constitution

A

The Whig Party, formed in 1834, supported a. protective tariffs and a federal banking system b. pet banks and a national currency c. states' rights and nullification d. expanded voting rights and Indian removal

A

The arguments made by Jefferson in this passage would be most directly reflected in the nineteenth century debates over A. the scope of federal economic policies B. the rise of popular democracy C. abolition D. the expansion of the nation's borders

A

The invention of the cotton gin in 1793 contributed to the Civil War nearly seventy years later because A. It renewed the demand for slaves in the South B. In indirectly spurred industrialization in New England C. British mills brought the majority of cotton produced in the South D. King Cotton eventually made up 60 percent of US imports E. tobacco became a secondary cash crop

A

What is meant by the term republican motherhood? A: Women as shapers of future citizens B: Women as vital supporters of the revolutionary cause C: New opportunities for women as future educators D: The special responsibility elected official's wives have to set an example for other women E: The justification for giving women voting rights

A

Which of the following best describes the impact of the decisions made by the Constitutional Convention regarding slavery following the debate excerpted to the left? A. Conflict over the issue was postponed via compromise, rather than resolved B. The Southern economy's viability was challenged, setting the sate for sectional conflict C. Strong abolitionist sentiments from northern states led to the creation of civil rights protections D. Fears about the size of government led the convention to forbid the national government from preventing the importation of slaves

A

Which of the following most directly contributed to the revolution described in the passage above? A. Governmental efforts to support the growth of a unified, national economy B. Shifts in the structure of the economy of the old South away from plantation-style agriculture C. A decline in immigration rates to the United States, particularly from European nations D. The final resolution of conflicts with several major American Indian tribes

A

All of the following are true statements about the Bill of Rights EXCEPT that it (A) is the first ten amendments to the Constitution (B) gives to the federal government all powers not specifically designated in the Constitution (C) protects personal liberties such as freedom of speech and religion and the right to bear arms (D) was added at the insistence of, and as a compromise with, antifederalists (E) prevents the government from arbitrarily seizing private property

B

Andrew Jackson used the power of the presidency to a. influence Supreme Court decisions in which he was interested b. Fire many federal officials and appoint loyal followers in their places c. Raise tariffs to fill the government treasury with funds d. recognize the land claims of the Cherokee Nation

B

Economically, most Americans after the Revolution were A: much better off financially than they were before the war. B: worse off than before the war. C: still heavily importing British goods. D: in roughly the same financial position as before the war. E: rapidly shifting from farming to manufacturing.

B

The "Era of Good Feelings" refers to a.) the exuberance Americans felt in the years after the War of 1812. b.) the presidency of James Monroe. c.) America's economic boom in the postwar years. d.) the end of party infighting between the Federalists and the Republicans. e.) the end of sectional tensions

B

The chief significance of the Louisiana Purchase was that it a. cost so little b. assured American control of the Mississippi River c. Made war with France unnecessary d. strengthened the Federalist party

B

The state constitutions that were drafted beginning in 1776 had all of the following traits in common EXCEPT A: a Bill of Rights B: limited legislative powers C: annual election of legislators D: little authority for the executive branch. E: a weak judiciary

B

Which of the following demographic changes was most directly described by the passage? A. Increasing American birthrates B. Rapid population growth along the frontier C. The growth of the population of immigrants from Asia D. The nation's shift to being a majority urban nation

B

Which of the following groups would have advocated most strongly for government support of the trend revealed by the map? A. New England merchants B. Middle-class farmers in the Old Northwest C. Free African Americans D. British investors

B

Which of the following most directly supports the author's contention that the economic changes of the era in question led to a "deeper revolution in human relations" A. The rise of abolitionism B. the growth of popular democracy C. The growth of nativism D. the widening wealth gap

B

Why did Irish immigrants embrace machine politics in the cities where they settled? (a) the machines offered much-needed cash in exchange for Irish votes (b) the machines aided struggling newcomers with free coal, food, and legal voice. (c) they pledged to fight anti-Irish prejudice and bigotry (d) the Irish were unaccustomed to politics, and machines provided an easy initiation (e) political machines helped Irish immigrants acquire land

B

Although globally unimportant, the War of 1812--dubbed "the Second War for American Independence"--was vitally important to the United States for all of the following reasons EXCEPT that it a.) inspired a new nationalism in the United States. b.) yielded greater respect for America's military might from the rest of the world. c.) increased naval presence to protect the Great Lakes. d.) stimulated the development of American manufacturing. e.) led to Indian treaties that ceded large sections of the region north of the Ohio River to the United States.

C

Based on the context of his remarks, Col. Mason would most likely receive support for his position on the issue in... A. The Northwest Territories B. The South C. The North D. The Southwest

C

In the controversy over the lands belonging by treaty to the "Five Civilized Tribes", the Jackson administration A. destroyed the tribes militarily B. forced Georgia to restore the lands to the Indians C. Forced the Indians to be removed to the West D. Called upon the Supreme Court to decide the issue E. Divided the lands between Georgia and the Indians

C

Jefferson considered his election in 1800 a "revolution" because (A) he won by a landslide (B) it represented a rejection of states' rights advocates (C) it marked a return of the values of 1776 (D) it proved that American democracy worked (E) he advocated an end to partisanship

C

Leaders chose a site along the Potomac River for the nation's capital city (ultimately, Washington, D.C.) in 1790 because (A) it was centrally located between northern and southern states (B) it was close to the homes of several leaders, including President George Washington and Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson (C) it ensured that Virginia would vote in favor of Hamilton's plan for federal assumption of state war debts (D) its strategic location would ensure that collection of customs and duties needed to pay down the national debt (E) its river location made it accessible by various transportation routes

C

The 1828 "Tariff of Abominations" was given that name by those who thought the tariff hurt the South by helping a. British importers b. small farmers c. Northern manufacturers d. frontier settlers in the West

C

The Monroe Doctrine states that the United States A. Was not concerned with the type of government other countries might have B. was concerned only with the the type of government that countries of the Western Hemisphere might have C. Would not tolerate any new European colonization in the New World D. Claimed the Western Hemisphere as its exclusive zone of influence E. Was prepared to drive out by force any European power that did not give its colonies in the Western Hemisphere

C

The New England Federalists opposed the Louisiana Purchase because they a. feared restriction on shipping b. did not want to risk war with Great Britain c. thought it would increase the political power of the West d. were concerned about the Indian raids on the frontier.

C

The aftermath of the American Revolution triggered all of the following social changes EXCEPT that A: property requirements for voting were eliminated. B: trade and labor organizations were founded and grew. C: inheritance laws were restructured so that all property would go to the family's eldest son. D: a movement for the the separation of church and state gained momentum. E: efforts to abolish slavery began in the North.

C

The conflict revealed in the passage led most directly to which of the following? A. the dissolution of the Articles of Confederation B. George Washington's Farewell Address C. The creation of the first political parties D. New legislation for the government of the western territories

C

The first national financial crisis, the panic of 1819, was caused primarily by a.) surplus production of American-made goods. b.) economic downturns in Europe that began to reach American shores. c.) overspeculation in western lands. d.) a mortgage crisis. e.) a massive federal wartime debt

C

The trend shown in this map contributed most significantly to A. the debate over federal support of northern industries B. The debate over national oversight over state policies C. The debate over the statue of slavery in newly acquired territories D. the debate over relations with the British

C

What was the most decisive factor that helped Thomas Jefferson win the 1800 presidential election? a. his support of agrarian interests b. the three-fifths compromise c. New York's electoral votes. d. Anger that Adams failed to declare war on France. e. The Alien and Sedition Acts.

C

Which of the following regions of the United States would have been least affected by the economic transformation described in the passage? A. New England B. The West C. The South D. The Old Northwest

C

Which of the following was NOT a change brought on by the Erie Canal? A. The cost of shipping grain decreased sharply B. New cities in upstate NY blossomed C. The population of New England skyrocketed D. The Great lakes took on new importance for trade E. Local markets lost business to continental behemoths

C

Who is considered the father of the American factory system? A. Moses Brown B. Eli Whitney C. Samuel Slater D. Francis Cabot E. Issa Singer

C

Henry Clay's "American System" advocated for all of following EXCEPT A. federal funding for the building of roads B. a National Bank C. High protective tariffs D. An independent treasury E. Federal funding for the building of canals

D

Strong support in the south for the arguments made by Pinkney in this passage would most immediately lead to... A. The growth of political parties centered on the debate over slavery B. The South's refusal to ratify the Constitution without the Bill of Rights to protect property rights C. A convention in the South to debate secession from the Union D. The growth of a distinctive, regional identity based partly on ideas about slavery

D

The American Revolution is most accurately described as: A: a total upheaval of colonial society B: highly disruptive to work, social, cultural, and economic life in the colonies. C: a violent overthrow of the existing political framework. D: more of an evolution than a revolution. E: a war that reached far into even the most isolated communities.

D

The ideas expressed in the passage are best understood as part of the debate in American politics over A. Racial justice B. economic equality and the class system C. The legitimacy of the US Constitution D. The relative power of the national government

D

Which of the following was NOT part of Hamilton's economic program for the new nation? (A) Protection well-to-do manufacturing interests (B) Establishing a national bank (C) Setting an excise tax (D) Limiting the power of the central government (E) Creating a sound monetary policy

D

Why did Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton want the federal government to assume state debts accumulated during the American Revolution? (A) He hoped to end the practice of speculation (B) He supported fiscal policies that aided the masses (C) He wanted to prove that the federal treasury was solid enough to handle the debt (D) He hoped to shift wealthy creditors' obligation and allegiances from the states to the federal government (E) He wanted to put the new republic on more solid financial ground

D