Using Data with Tables, Charts, and Graphs

spreadsheet

a digital document containing rows and columns

Using problem solving in hospitals can be applied to which of the following? Check all that apply. a. patient claims b. disinfecting medical equipment c. delivery issues d. management problems e. maintenance breakdowns f. shift management troubles

a, c, d, e, and f

The study of data to find patterns, trends, and meaning is known as a. interpretation. b. analysis. c. assessment. d. data collection.

b. analysis

data

information gathered from interviews, direct observation, or testing

patterns

predictably repeating data values

To identify relevant data:

- ask good, explorative questions, such as how would this data change over time. - use knowledge-based queries, such as applying a formula to the data. - find trends in data, such as how the data is connected.

Solving Problems Using Data Analysis Process

- clearly stating the problem to be solved and the data necessary to solve that problem. - making sure enough data has been collected -this will depend on what is being analyzed. For example, to determine a patient's average blood pressure, several measurements over a period of days will be necessary. - formatting the data in a way that helps with the analysis; for example, numeric data can be formatted as a table or shown in a variety of graphical formats. - inspecting the formatted data for: > patterns, which are predictably repeating data values; for example, a patient's blood sugar may show a pattern of being low every morning. > trends, which are general directions of movement of data values; for example, a patient's blood pressure values may show an upward trend over a period of several months. > relationships, which is when two or more data values are related; for example, a patient's heart rate and blood pressure may show a close relationship, both rising together.

A common work flow consists of:

- using a spreadsheet program to: - place the data into a tabular format - calculate desired values such as totals, averages, and percentages - format the relevant data into graphical format - using a word processing program to write an analysis report containing the relevant tables and charts from the spreadsheet

Sound conclusions can only be drawn from data that:

- was collected to answer a clearly stated problem. - is in amounts that are adequate enough to answer the question. - has been analyzed to reveal any patterns, trends, and relationships.

Process of Problem Solving:

1. Identify the problem. 2. Analyze the problem. 3. Produce possible solutions. 4. Choose a plan and solution. 5. Put the solution into practice.

Steps to Find Relevant Data in Larger Reports:

1. Make a hypothesis. 2. Develop a way to test the hypothesis. 3. Validate the hypothesis by replicating it, if possible. 4. Create another hypothesis.

Jordan, a medical assistant, was using which of the following to organize her numerical data to make her patient data easier to read? Check all that apply. a. charts b. surveys c. interviews d. tables

a and d

statistics

a field of study that deals with the collection and analysis of data

graphic

a format that displays data visually

tabular-table

a format that uses rows and columns to display data values

word-processing program

a program that enables a user to create text reports and simple tables

statistics program

a program that enables a user to enter data and perform very complex and often automated analyses

spreadsheet program

a program that enables a user to enter data into tables, use formulas to perform calculations, and then display the data in a variety of graphical formats

database program

a program that enables a user to enter extensive collections of data into multiple related tables, and then perform complex types of analysis

relationship

a state in which two or more data values are related

Which of the following are specific types of charts? Check all that apply. a. bar charts b. circle charts c. pie charts d. line charts e. step charts

a, c, and d

Check all of the steps in problem solving. a. Identify the problem. b. Collect problems. c. Analyze the problem. d. Add up the numbers. e. Produce possible solutions. f. Choose a plan and solution. g. Put the solution into practice.

a, c, e, f, and g

The information gathered from interview, direct observation, or testing is called _______________. a. data b. an analysis c. a trend d. a pattern

a. data - Data is gathered from interviews, direct observation, or testing, and then analyzed to reveal the information it contains. Predictably repeating patterns, general trends (up/down), and relationships between data values can be identified.

Bar charts are useful for presenting which type of data? a. data that changes over time b. data that is constantly changing c. data comparing percentages d. data showing process steps

a. data that changes over time - Bar charts are effective for showing data that changes over time, such as days, weeks, or even years.

To understand, read, and give meaning to data in tables and charts is to perform which of the following? a. interpretation b. analysis c. assessment d. data collection

a. interpretation

A line chart makes it easy to a. see trends. b. make comparisons. c. show proportions.

a. see trends

A data format that uses vertical columns and horizontal rows is called a ______________. a. table b. chart

a. table

Isaiah, a healthcare professional, needs to show a patient's weight gain and loss over a ten-year period to help make dietary decisions. He uses a table to show the data. He has added columns and rows, and labeled them. He has filled in the rows and columns with relevant data. What should he do to provide clarity to the table? a. Round the data up. b. Add a title. c. Break the data into percentages. d. Find the average of the data.

b. Add a title.

Paul is an office administrator at a doctor's office. He wants to determine how much time he spends during the day on his various tasks in order to be more productive. What would be an efficient way to represent this data in order to try to solve the problem? a. a table b. a pie chart c. a bar chart

b. a pie chart - Using a pie chart would allow Paul to graphically represent how much time he spends on his daily tasks, and it could help him formulate ideas on how to improve his productivity.

Spreadsheet programs use the word "table" to describe which of the following? a. all of the data contained in a spreadsheet b. a selection of spreadsheet cells that has a special formatting c. a spreadsheet that contains only text and no numerical data d. spreadsheet values calculated using common mathematical formulas

b. a selection of spreadsheet cells that has a special formatting - A table is a data format that uses vertical columns and horizontal rows. Although a spreadsheet also uses columns and rows to store data, spreadsheet programs use the word "table" to describe a selection of spreadsheet cells that has a special formatting called table formatting. In this lesson, "table" will be used to refer to the data format, and "spreadsheet table" or "Excel table" will be used to refer to spreadsheet data formatted as a table.

The study of information to reveal the relationships it contains is called ______________. a. data b. analysis c. a trend d. a pattern

b. analysis

County Hospital was receiving bad press in the local newspaper. The administration asked patients to fill out a questionnaire to gauge service in various hospital departments. A table was created to track comments over six months. The administration found that food service received the most complaints. In this scenario, the hospital a. produced possible solutions b. identified the problem. c. chose a plan. d. put the solution into practice.

b. identified the problem - The steps of problem solution can include identifying the problem, analyzing the problem, producing possible solutions, choosing a plan and solution, and putting into practice the solution. In this scenario, the hospital had just begun the process by identifying the problem.

A bar chart makes it easy to a. see trends. b. make comparisons. c. show proportions.

b. make comparisons

Frank, a healthcare professional, needs to record the blood pressure levels of his patient and see the changes over a period of two months. Frank plots the blood pressure levels on the y-axis of the chart. Where does he plot the dates? a. in the title b. on the x-axis c. in a pie slice d. on a bar

b. on the x-axis

Microsoft Excel and Google Spreadsheets are examples of which kind of software tool? a. database program b. spreadsheet program c. statistics program d. word-processing program

b. spreadsheet program - Spreadsheet software enables you to enter data into tables (rows and columns), use formulas to perform calculations, and then display the data in a variety of graphical formats.

The general direction of movement of values in a collection of information is called __________________. a. data b. analysis c. a trend d. a pattern

c. a trend

Which of the following accurately describes data interpretation? a. gathering information b. identifying patterns and trends c. drawing conclusions d. identifying relationships

c. drawing conclusions - To interpret data means to draw conclusions from it.

Jane was looking for the best-case scenario for opening the new wing of the hospital. What process was she using? a. interpretation b. assessment c. problem solving d. data collection

c. problem solving

A pie chart makes it easy to a. see trends. b. make comparisons. c. show proportions.

c. show proportions

Predictably repeating values in a collection of information is called ________________. a. data b. analysis c. a trend d. a pattern

d. a pattern

Chris needed a tool to show the percentages of healthcare professionals with specialties, such as pediatrics or geriatrics in his hospital. His best tool to use would be a a. table. b. line chart. c. bar chart. d. pie chart.

d. pie chart

Ryan, a healthcare administrator, was trying to make a prediction about staff needs for the next five years by comparing data from the previous years. Ryan was trying to analyze a(n) a. interpretation. b. assessment. c. collection. d. trend.

d. trend

relevant data

data that are directly linked to the topic or issue being examined

Marcy, a healthcare administrator, has several reports that contain data about trash output and maintenance from the past six months. Marcy needs to find ______________ to support her hypothesis that recycling would save the hospital money. To help her identify data, Marcy notices that more trash is generated every month. She has _________________.

relevant data; identified a trend

trends

the general directions of movement of data values

cell

the intersection of a particular column and row

analysis

the study of data to reveal patterns, trends, and relationships that can be used to solve healthcare problems