UWF HSC3535 Chapter 16: The Male Reproductive System

hypospadias

A congenital defect in which the urethra opens on the underside of the penis instead of at the end. Questions: - A congenital defect in which the urethra opens on the underside of the penis instead of at the end is known as ______. - Which condition describes a urethral opening on the underside of the penis?

bulbourethral glands

A pair of pea-sized glands that empty into the urethra just before it extends through the penis; also known as Cowper's glands.

VDRL test

A serological test for syphilis (test performed on blood serum); widely used to test for primary and secondary syphilis. The acronym stands for _____________ test.

seminal vesicles

Glands that secrete a thick, yellowish fluid (known as seminal fluid) into the vas deferens.

andropause

A change of life for men, occurring in their late forties or early fifties, in which there is a decrease in male hormone (androgen) levels.

vesicles

Blisters; small, raised skin lesions containing clear fluid.

mucopurulent

Characteristic of a combination of mucus and pus.

dysuria

Painful urination.

orchiopexy True.

Question: Q: Surgical fixation of an undescended testicle is called orchidopexy or orchiopexy. A:

genital herpes

Question: _____ is a highly contagious viral infection of the male and female genitalia, caused by the herpes simplex virus and transmitted by direct contact with infected body secretions; it can recur spontaneously once the virus has been acquired.

seminiferous tubules

Specialized coils of tiny tubules responsible for production of sperm; located in the testes. Questions: - The specialized coils of tiny tubules within each testicle that are responsible for production of sperm are the _____ tubules. - Select the reproductive structure responsible for production of sperm.

prophylactic

Any agent or regimen that contributes to the prevention of infection and disease.

spermatozoon

(sper-mat-oh-ZOH-on) See spermatozoan.

asymptomatic

Without symptoms.

hematospermia

- The presence of blood in the seminal fluid. - abnormal condition characterized by blood in the seminal fluid

epididymitis

- inflammation of the epididymis - Acute or chronic inflammation of the epididymis. This condition can be the result of a urinary tract infection, prolonged use of indwelling catheters, or venereal disease in the male.

benign prostatic hypertrophy

A benign (noncancerous) enlargement of the prostate gland, creating pressure on the upper part of the urethra or neck of the bladder (causing obstruction of the flow of urine). Questions: Q: A benign enlargement of the prostate gland, creating pressure on the upper part of the urethra or neck of the bladder (causing obstruction of the flow of urine), is abbreviated as A: BPH Q: Benign prostatic hypertrophy is a common condition occurring in men over the age of A: 50

semen

A combination of sperm and various secretions that is expelled from the body through the urethra during sexual intercourse. Question: ______ is a combination of sperm and various secretions expelled from the body, through the urethra, during ejaculation (sexual intercourse).

epispadias

A congenital defect (birth defect) in which the urethra opens on the upper side of the penis at some point near the glans. Question: A congenital defect in which the urethra opens on the upper side of the penis at some point near the glans is known as _____.

prostate gland

A gland that surrounds the base of the urethra, which secretes a milky-colored secretion into the urethra during ejaculation. This secretion enhances the motility of the sperm and helps to neutralize the secretions within the vagina. Question: The ______ gland lies just below the urinary bladder, where it surrounds the base of the urethra as it leaves the bladder.

foreskin

A loose, retractable fold of skin covering the tip of the penis; also called the prepuce.

testosterone

A male hormone secreted by the testes, responsible for the secondary sex characteristic changes that occur in the male with the onset of puberty. These changes include growth of facial hair (beard), growth of pubic hair, and deepening of the voice.

spermatozoan

A mature male germ cell; also known as _______ Question: The singular form for the term that means "a mature male germ cell" is _____.

gonorrhea

A sexually transmitted bacterial disease caused by a gonococcus bacterium that causes inflammation of the genital mucous membrane, burning pain when urinating, and a discharge

chancre

A skin lesion, usually of primary syphilis, that begins at the site of infection as a small raised area and develops into a red painless ulcer with a scooped-out appearance; also known as a venereal sore. Question: A skin lesion, usually of primary syphilis, that begins at the site of infection as a small raised area and develops into a red painless ulcer with a scooped-out appearance, also known as a venereal sore, is called a(an) ______.

urethra

A small, tubular structure extending the length of the penis that transports urine from the bladder (and semen, when ejaculated) to the outside of the body.

vasectomy

A surgical cutting and tying of the vas deferens to prevent the passage of sperm, consequently preventing pregnancy; male sterilization. Question: Select the procedure that is associated with male sterilization.

circumcision

A surgical procedure in which the foreskin (prepuce) of the penis is removed. Adult male circumcision is much less common than infant circumcision and more complicated. Question: A(An) _____ is a surgical procedure in which the foreskin (prepuce) of the penis is removed.

palpation

A technique used in physical examinations that involves feeling parts of the body with the hands.

epididymis

A tightly coiled tubule that resembles a comma. Its purpose is that of housing the sperm until they mature, becoming fertile and motile. Mature sperm are stored in the lower portion of the epididymis. Question: The ______ is a tightly coiled tubule that resembles a comma and is the place where the sperm mature, becoming fertile and motile.

phimosis

A tightness of the foreskin (prepuce) of the penis that prevents it from being pulled back. The opening of the foreskin narrows due to the tightness and may cause some difficulty with urination. Question: A tightness of the foreskin (prepuce) of the penis that prevents it from being pulled back, creating some difficulty with urination, is known as ______.

intravenous pyelogram (IVP)

Also known as intravenous pyelography or excretory urogram, this radiographic procedure provides visualization of the entire urinary tract (kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra). A contrast dye is injected intravenously, and multiple X-ray films are taken as the medium is cleared from the blood by the glomerular filtration of the kidney.

hydrocele

An accumulation of fluid in any saclike cavity or duct, particularly the scrotal sac or along the spermatic cord. Question: An accumulation of fluid in any saclike cavity or duct, particularly the scrotal sac or along the spermatic cord, is known as ______.

Varicosity

An enlarged and tortuous vein, artery, or lymphatic vessel

scrotum

An external sac that houses the testicles. It is located posterior to the penis and is suspended from the perineum. Question: The testicles are housed in the _____.

opportunistic infection

An infection caused by normally nondisease-producing organisms that set up in a host whose resistance has been decreased by surgery, illnesses, and disorders such as AIDS.

rectoscope

An instrument used to view the rectum that has a cutting and cauterizing (burning) loop. Also known as proctoscope.

cryptorchidism

Condition of undescended testicle(s); the absence of one or both testicles from the scrotum. Questions: - A condition of undescended testicle(s); the absence of one or both testicles from the scrotum is known as _____. - Which term best describes undescended testicle(s)?

Serological tests for syphilis are performed on serous fluid taken from a syphilis-related lesion.

False

exudate

Fluid, pus, or serum slowly discharged from cells or blood vessels through small pores or breaks in cell membranes.

malodorous

Foul smelling; having a bad odor.

dormant

Inactive.

salpingitis

Inflammation of the fallopian tubes; also known as pelvic inflammatory disease (included in this section because it is associated with sexually transmitted diseases).

balanitis

Inflammation of the glans penis and the mucous membrane beneath it. Questions: - Inflammation of the glans penis and the mucous membrane beneath it is known as _____. - ​What is inflammation of the glans penis called?

pelvic inflammatory disease

Inflammation of the upper female genital tract (cervix, uterus, ovaries and fallopian tubes [also known as salpingitis]); may be associated with sexually transmitted diseases.

urethritis

Inflammation of the urethra.

purulent

Producing or containing pus

prostatectomy

Removal of all or part of the prostate gland. A discussion of two approaches to removing the prostate gland is presented in the section on diagnostic techniques.

Cowper's glands

See bulbourethral glands.

prepuce

See foreskin. Question: A loose, retractable fold of skin covering the tip of the penis, also called the foreskin, is known as the _____.

ejaculation

The process of ejecting, or expelling, the semen from the male urethra. Question: The process of ejecting, or expelling, the semen from the male urethra is known as _____.

orchidopexy

Surgical fixation of an undescended testicle. Question: Q: Surgical fixation of an undescended testicle is called orchidopexy or orchiopexy. A: True

epididymectomy

Surgical removal of the epididymis.

perineum

The area between the scrotum and the anus in the male and between the vulva and anus in the female. Question: The area between the scrotum and the anus in the male and between the vulva and the anus in the female is known as the _____.

Spermatic cord hernia

The deep inguinal ring, which is the beginning of the inguinal canal, remains as an opening in the fascia transversalis, which forms the fascial inner wall of the spermatic cord. When the opening is larger than necessary for passage of the spermatic cord, the stage is set for an indirect inguinal hernia.

impotence

The inability of a male to achieve or sustain an erection of the penis. Question: The inability of a male to achieve or sustain an erection of the penis is known as _____.

testicles

The male gonads, or male sex glands, responsible for production of spermatozoa (the male germ cell) and for the secretion of the male hormone play audio testosterone.

gonad

The male sex glands, which are called the testes (singular: testis or testicle). These are the primary organs of the male reproductive system.

vas deferens

The narrow, straight tube that transports sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct. Question: The narrow straight tube that transports sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct is the _____.

debridement

The removal of dirt, damaged tissue, and cellular debris from a wound or a burn to prevent infection and promote healing.

orchidectomy

The surgical removal of a testicle.

glans penis

The tip of the penis.

residual urine

Urine that remains in the bladder after urination.

cryosurgery

Use of subfreezing temperature to destroy tissue. The coolant is circulated through a metal probe, chilling it to as low as -160C. When the probe touches the tissues of the body, the moist tissues adhere to the cold metal of the probe and freeze.

flaccid

Weak; lacking normal muscle tone. Question: ______ means "weak; lacking normal muscle tone."

anorchism

__________ is the absence of one or both testicles. Questions: - The absence of one or both testicles is known as _____. - ​Absence of one or both testicles is known as:

cystoscopy

__________ is the process of viewing the interior of the bladder by using a cystoscope. Question: The process of viewing the interior of the bladder using a cystoscope is known as _____.

Urine culture

a procedure used to cultivate the growth of bacteria present in a urine specimen for proper microscopic identification of the specific pathogen

chlamydia

a sexually transmitted bacterial infection that causes inflammation of the cervix (cervicitis) in women and inflammation of the urethra (urethritis) and the epididymis (epididymitis) in men. Question: A sexually transmitted bacterial infection that causes inflammation of the cervix (cervicitis) in women and inflammation of the urethra (urethritis) and epididymis (epididymitis) in men is known as _____.

Urethrotomy

a surgical incision into the urethra for relief of a stricture

Trichomoniasis

an STD caused by a microscopic protozoan that results in infections of the vagina, urethra, and bladder

genital warts

an STD caused by the human papilloma virus (HPV); highly contagious

Hyperplasia of the prostate

benign growth of cells within the prostate gland

Venereal herpes

genital herpes