Veterinarian Midterm Questions

While all states in the United States require veterinarians to graduate from an accredited school, not all require a license to practice veterinary medicine.

False

EPM tends to show up in horses that are transported frequently. What connection could there be with travel and the horse's susceptibility to EPM?

Feeding horses water and food from different stables can increase the risk of their ingesting water contaminated with protozoa.

All six of Layla's pigs have a high fever and some are convulsing. She quickly calls her veterinarian, who gives Layla the bad news that her pigs have contracted hog cholera. Since this is such a contagious disease, what treatment will the vet MOST likely recommend?

He will recommend that she euthanize the pigs.

Although it is always important to feed animals good quality food, which statement would BEST explain why picking horse feed is extremely important?

Horses cannot vomit so their body cannot get rid of bad food.

After noticing issues like slurred speech, blurry vision, and mood swings, Jordan sees her doctor. All kinds of blood tests are run to try to figure out if there is a medical cause for her symptoms. Finally, Jordan gets an answer. Tests show that she has something called vCJD. The doctor explains that it is similar to the disease that people refer to as mad cow disease. How did Jordan MOST likely contract vCJD?

Jordan must have eaten some beef that was contaminated with BSE.

Mikhail is a Russian soldier fighting on the front in WWI. His horse is in the stable at night, along with the horses of other officers. A sentry spots a German soldier running away from the stables. Since the Germans infected horses with glanders as a form of bio-warfare, can you predict what will MOST likely happen when Mikhail rides his horse into battle next?

Mikhail will contract the bacteria from the horse's breath or mouth, becoming sick himself.

While making her morning rounds, zoologist Martina takes a quick peek into the pen that houses Uruyange, the zoo's African gorilla. She can tell immediately that something is wrong and alerts other zookeepers to help her get Uruyange in for an examination. Which sentence BEST explains how Martina was able to recognize that something was wrong?

Uruyange may have been slumped over in his pen or behaving erratically.

Omar is a veterinarian at a busy city animal shelter. He has seen an alarming rise in the number of cats brought in who test positive for FeLV. Omar wants to publish a short brochure to help educate the community about how to prevent FeLV from breaking out in their area. Besides stressing the need for having their cat vaccinated, what other preventative care is Omar MOST likely to suggest?

Use effective parasite control.

Emma notices that the pigs in her pen are coughing and seem to be drooling. Picking one up, she realizes that its body temperature is hotter than normal. She phones her vet, who comes out to examine the animals. Emma is told that he will have to confirm with bloodwork, but it looks like her pigs have contracted pseudorabies. Emma is trying to figure out where they could have contracted it. Which is the LEAST likely source?

a wild fox with rabies that bit one of them

Theo is a microbiologist studying a virus designated H1N1 to learn how it replicates and experiment with newly developed antiviral medication to see if there is any effect on it. Even though Theo uses the scientific notation to refer to the virus, what might other people call it?

avian flu

Since she turned four, Isla the St. Bernard has begun to get skin rashes and lose hair in huge quantities. Her owner at first thought it was seasonal shedding but then noticed bald patches throughout Isla's coat. Besides that, Isla has gained a lot of weight but there has been no change to her food. From a blood test, Isla's vet determines that her body is making too much of a certain hormone, and she will need to take medication to even it out. Which condition has Isla MOST likely been diagnosed with?

hypothyroidism

A veterinary scientist, Sean works on a panel that analyzes the toll that common products such as sunscreen have on the reefs that line the nation's coast. Sean needs to gather statistics on animal deaths that could be attributed to poison from these substances. Statistics involving which classification of animals would give Sean relevant information to include for the panel?

wild animals

About how many genes have been mapped for cattle?

20,000

Quentin is tasked with creating a timeline of the history of veterinary science. Which date would be MOST accurate for Quentin to begin his timeline of veterinary science history?

3000 BCE

The zoo that Abigail works for has an Aldabra giant turtle named Bartholomew. Lately, keepers report that Bartholomew has been much less active and is eating substantially less. They are concerned and want Abigail to have a look. Abigail quickly finds the cause of the issue: in between the skin and his shell, Bartholomew has a line of disgusting ticks that have embedded themselves. After removing the ticks, Abigail starts Bartholomew on a round of antibiotics. Which issue is Abigail MOST likely attempting to avoid with this medication?

Abigail is afraid that an open wound from ticks might lead to toxemia.

Which statement sheds light on why more BSE cases were found in Britain than in the United States?

British cattle are sometimes fed sheep carcasses, but US cattle are fed soybeans.

A stray cat has wandered up to Rheesa's farm. She talks her mother into letting it stay, but her mother says it's on the condition that Rheesa takes it to the vet for an exam. The veterinarian tells Rheesa some bad news: this stray cat has tested positive for FeLV. Rheesa is so upset because she has let the cat into the barn along with her horses and dogs. The vet tells Rheesa there is little need to worry. Which sentence MOST likely explains his reasoning?

Cats are the only animals susceptible to FeLV.

After finishing veterinary school, Dara decides that she wants to become an equine specialist. She is offered an apprenticeship at a large dairy farm, helping manage more than 500 dairy cows. Dara is unsure about whether she would like this position. Which sentence MOST likely explains the reason for her hesitance?

Dara wants to be an equine specialist and those deal with horses instead of cows.

When an outbreak of foot and mouth disease is discovered among livestock in a country, what is MOST likely the chosen way to control it?

Destroy large numbers of animals that might have been exposed to the disease.

Yusuke had a farm in ancient Japan and owned 25 cows. If you were to have asked Yusuke's neighbors to describe him, which would they MOST likely say?

He is a very wealthy man.

Something is just not right with Helena's Great Dane Brutus. She rushes him to the vet, only to be told that he is suffering from gastric bloat. How will the veterinarian MOST likely treat this dangerous situation that Brutus is facing?

He will perform surgery to drain the excess gas from Brutus's stomach.

In order to protect their companies and their customers from any deliberate acts of terrorism, many corporations use sophisticated surveillance and security systems. Key cards are required for entry, workers are regularly checked for prohibited items, and cameras record in the event of any intruders. Gabe's company makes feed for pigs. A government representative visits Gabe, advising him to invest in some better security for his plant. Gabe looks at the proposal and balks at the amount of money such an upgrade would cost. He tells the representative that there is little need for an expensive security system on a plant that makes pig feed. How would the representative MOST likely reason with Gabe to convince him to tighten security in his plant?

If someone were able to poison the feed, they could cause illness in the food chain.

When a disease is acute, what does this mean?

It comes on suddenly.

Although he had been one of the fiercest warrior kings in India, King Ashoka became disillusioned with violence and accepted the teachings of Buddhism, and he also opened one of the first animal hospitals in India. What conclusions can be drawn about how Ashoka's attitude toward animals had MOST likely changed?

King Ashoka believed that all life was sacred once he adopted Buddhism and wanted to preserve even animal life.

The farm that Manuel works on is having to destroy all its pigs because of a breakout of CSFV. Manuel is nervous since the past two weeks he was the one assigned to feed the pigs every day. Knowing that CSFV is highly contagious, what should Manuel do?

Manuel should not worry because CSFV only affects pigs.

Nadiya is an avian specialist. She sees and treats expensive macaws, toucans, and flamingos that are kept at resorts around the world. When Nadiya sends her bill, one resort owner calls, upset that her fee is more than he expected. The resort owner tells Nadiya that his dog's vet would never dream of charging him a fee like this. What response might BEST explain Nadiya's position to this irate bird owner?

Nadiya has had specialized training that the local veterinarian has not had, so her fees are higher than his.

Even though Jiao understands that possums have their part to play in the ecology of the earth, she does not want to see any on her property, especially around her horses. If Jiao sees signs that a possum family has moved in, she will put out traps to get rid of them. Which statement BEST explains why Jiao feels so strongly about possums?

Possums carry protozoa that cause EPM in horses.

When horses have colic, they often deal with the pain by attempting to roll it away. How might a veterinarian BEST explain why it is important to prevent a horse with colic from rolling around?

Rolling can cause torsion, or twisting of the stomach, which will make the situation much more serious.

Sebastian has two macaws that generally get along well together. He notes that one seems to be bullying the other by pecking at it and generally keeping it from eating. The aggression comes to a head when one of the macaws uses his beak to grab the other by the feathers. Separating the two, Sebastian sees that the attacked macaw is bleeding profusely. He looks closely at the spot, wondering if maybe the other macaw's sharp beak has broken the skin. Instead, Sebastian finds that a blood feather has been plucked in the scuffle. Which sentence details the steps Sebastian will MOST likely take to help the bird?

Sebastian will need to use pliers to pull the remaining stem of the feather from the bird and then call the vet.

Marta's friend needs to take her cat to the endocrinologist. What can Marta likely conclude is wrong with her friend's cat?

The cat is experiencing a hormone imbalance.

BSE has been found in one of the cows at Rohan's farm. The official from the FDA advises Rohan to destroy all the cows in his farm to prevent the spread of the disease. Why would Rohan need to destroy his entire herd?

The cows likely ingested the same food that was contaminated with BCE.

When comparing BCE with other diseases that could affect cattle, such as foot and mouth disease, which fact could explain why outbreaks of BCE are so much harder to track?

The incubation period for BCE is from two to eight years so it can be hard to pin down where a cow contracted it.

How was the invention of the microscope related to the first vaccinations given to animals in 17th century Europe?

The microscope enabled scientists to see disease-causing microbes and allowed them to create vaccines against these microbes to prevent their spread.

Kwigira is an African gorilla who has been suffering from an infection. The zoo veterinarians need Kwigira to take antibiotics, but he is sneaky and has been known to pick out pills when they are hidden in fruit. Which choice of medication administration would be MOST effective and least traumatic for Kwigira?

The vets could put liquid antibiotics in a special drink for Kwigira.

. Harper is a veterinarian treating 15 pigs on a farm for swine pox. The pigs look pitiful, with red lesions that are scabbing up on their abdomens and ears. She gives the farmer medication for them and instructions to make sure they are given plenty of water. What symptom MOST likely indicated to Harper that the pigs were dehydrated?

Their hooves were crusty.

. A large farm has discovered that their entire stock has contracted pseudorabies. The farmers begin treatment immediately, but they are aware that there will be casualties from this illness. How will this likely affect the farm's output in the next few months?

They will have pigs to sell for now, but they will lose their entire population of piglets, affecting future sales.

Out on her four-wheeler, Emily explores the boundaries of her parent's Texas cattle ranch. She knows all the hills and bumps by heart. She keeps her eyes out for escaped cattle because she knows they can sometimes squeeze through the barbed wire fencing. Emily sees something up ahead on the ground. As she gets closer, she can tell that it is not a cow. Stopping her four-wheeler, Emily jumps off to examine the animal. It is a deer carcass. At first, Emily thinks it might have been killed by a mountain lion because there is so much blood. Then, she realizes that there are no visible wounds. Quickly, Emily gets back on her four-wheeler to get her dad. What has Emily MOST likely recognized about this deer?

This deer may have died from anthrax by bleeding out of its mouth or other orifices.

Colic in horses can range from mild cases to fatal ones.

True

In the past, people believed that animals did not feel pain in the same way that humans did.

True

The pseudorabies virus (PRV) has played an important role for veterinary scientists in the development of genetically modified vaccines to help prevent diseases.

True

An entire county is on quarantine after two farms have diagnosed cases of FMD among their cattle. Besides the quarantine, authorities call for deer hunting season to open early. How might this be related to the FMD outbreak?

Wild deer can catch FMD and infect herds of cattle so they would need to be eliminated.

Chyla's mother is an educator, and Chyla saw how much her mother loved it when students were able to grasp difficult subjects. Chyla wanted a career that would be that satisfying. She was drawn to animals, though, and loved to learn more about how to take care of different creatures. As she went through school, Chyla kept the same interests and felt torn when it came down to deciding on a career path. In what career might Chyla be able to combine her two passions?

a professor at a veterinary college

Nadiya's new puppy is diagnosed with primary epilepsy. The veterinarian assures Nadiya that he will prescribe some medication that should keep the spells from being so frequent. She thanks him and waits in the lobby for the prescription to be filled. When Nadiya examines the prescription bottle and sees the drug's name, she is surprised. Which drug has Nadiya's pup MOST likely been prescribed?

diazepam

Fatema is attempting to buy some supplements and seed for her new parrot. She is at a large animal supply store, reading the labels on each bag to figure out which one is right for her new bird. Which statement would Fatema MOST likely be looking for to know she is choosing the right supplement?

especially formulated for psittacines

Sebastian's mother has come from out of town for a visit. Unfortunately, Sebastian can't take a day off from work, so he leaves his mother at home with his little dachshund, Wally. During the day, Sebastian gets a frantic call from his mother, saying that Wally suddenly got stiff and stopped breathing. By the time Sebastian gets home, Wally is breathing and moving, although a bit slowly. He takes Wally to the veterinarian, who performs several tests. The vet says that she cannot pinpoint the exact cause of Wally's seizure but gives Sebastian a prescription medication that should help prevent more from occurring. What description will MOST likely be on the prescription bottle for Wally's medication?

for idiopathic epilepsy

Gabby's Uncle William is a farrier. Which animal is he MOST familiar with?

horses

In attempting to educate her patient's owners about the dangers of diabetes mellitus, Lily is putting together a bulletin board for her waiting room. She wants to make sure that owners know the factors that might put their pet at risk of developing diabetes. Which factor would Lily NOT list on the board?

temperament of pet

. Pablo's job entails visiting the oyster beds off the eastern shore of Virginia to make sure that the water around them is not contaminated and that they are being harvested according to regulation. If the oyster beds have contracted a disease or if there is evidence that the fisherman is overharvesting the bed, Pablo can shut down the operation. Which organization does Pablo MOST likely work for?

the Department of Agriculture

Jared works for the Department of Homeland Security, which is tasked with investigating and preventing terror acts in the United States. His job is to focus on preventing agroterrorism. This means that Jared would MOST likely have a wide range of knowledge when it comes to which subject?

the chain of beef growers, processors, and distributors in the United States

As an employee of the FDA, Jamal is notified that there have been several reported cases of illness in a three-county area. Doctors have found that all the people who have been hospitalized ate at the same steakhouse within a two-day period. Jamal contacts the steakhouse to have the meat in stock tested and find out who their beef supplier is. Then he looks up the NAIS records. What information will these records tell Jamal?

the journey of the restaurant's beef from farm to table

Emmie calls her veterinarian, Khalil, when she notices that her horse has been resistant to going on their morning rides. He seems to be losing weight, and she realizes he's running a low-grade fever. Khalil does an examination and takes some blood to run tests. When the results come in, he must call Emmie to let her know that her horse has contracted Lyme disease. Considering this diagnosis, which step will Khalil MOST likely take?

Administer medication to the horse but assure Emmie that she couldn't have caught it.

It is 1912. Having grown up around horses, Fritz is a German scientist who is working on a secret project to isolate the virus that causes a terrible disease in horses. Fritz hopes that when he can identify this virus, he can create an antiviral treatment that would combat it. A pair of government officials show up at Fritz's office, demanding to see his research. When he explains what he is working on, the officials offer to finance Fritz's experiments. What is MOST reasonable to conclude about the German official's sudden interest?

Correct They want to understand how the virus works to use it against enemies in war.

Kiyoshi is a veterinary scientist performing emergency surgery on a Labrador retriever named Gus. Gus had developed gastric dilatation-volvulus bloat. Once inside Gus's abdomen, Kiyoshi untwists the parts of Gus's stomach that had become displaced, releasing the gas that was building up. Then Kiyoshi surgically tacks Gus's stomach in place. Seeing that there was no other damage to Gus's organs, Kiyoshi begins to close the wound. Later, Gus's owner is reviewing charges from the surgery. He does not understand why Kiyoshi tacked Gus's stomach, especially without his permission. What fact might Kiyoshi use to explain his actions to Gus's owner?

Dogs who have had GDV have a 75 percent rate of recurrence if their stomach is not tacked.

There are so many veterinary programs available in the United States that it is fairly easy to procure a spot.

False

When no cause is found for recurring seizures, the animal is said to have symptomatic or secondary epilepsy.

False

Izaak is a veterinarian whose daughter is interviewing him for a school project. She wants to know about his regular patients. Izaak explains that he has a pretty good mix that represents the pets kept in most American households. From her research, Izaak's daughter has found that about 3 percent of American households have reptiles for pets. What conclusion can she draw from this research?

Izaak may treat a few reptiles in his practice, but it's mostly dogs and cats.

Ahmad is a veterinary scientist who is visiting a friend. When he arrives, the friend's older golden retriever lumbers toward him. Ahmad makes a comment about the dog, who has slowed considerably since he last visited. Ahmad's friend tells him that the old dog has arthritis, to which Ahmad asks, "hip dysplasia?" Surprised, his friend nods. Which statement explains the MOST likely reason that Ahmad was able to guess the dog's diagnosis?

Hip dysplasia is the number one cause of arthritis in dogs.

Ian is a veterinarian who owns his own practice. He is currently examining Bo, a three-year-old Himalayan cat whose owner says has begun to lick sore spots into his stomach. To investigate further, Ian needs to ask the cat's owner a few questions. Which question would be LEAST likely to provide Ian information he could use to diagnose the cat?

How long have you owned Bo?

Spending the summer out in their cabin, Tory's family decides to bring their two English springer spaniels. The dogs love to run and play in the woods. Tory knows that there are racoons in the woods who may carry the rabies virus, and he worries about his dogs, even though they have had their shots. In which situation would a dog be MOST vulnerable to contracting the rabies virus?

If they were bitten by a rabid racoon.

Destiny is writing a report about agroterrorism and the danger it poses to consumers. She understands that this is not a subject many worry about since other forms of terrorism seem much more prevalent and dangerous. Destiny notes the case where a religious cult intentionally contaminated salad bars in t10 restaurants with salmonella, resulting in more than 750 people becoming ill. Which sentence would Destiny MOST likely use to tie this experience to her argument?

It is clear that contamination of food in just a few places can cause widespread infection.

Ava is a veterinary scientist attempting to apply for a grant to study genetics. She is making her case, along with other scientist, to map genomes. Even though most of the other applicants want to map the human genome, Ava's goal is to map the genome of cattle. Which benefit of her proposed work would Ava MOST likely include on her grant application?

Mapping the genome of cattle can pinpoint genes that cause greater milk production.

Even though Luna and the other veterinary scientists work with the African elephants in their zoo daily, they are making special arrangements to put a large elephant, Nala, under anesthesia. Nala is pregnant and is showing signs that she may be going into premature labor. The veterinarians believe that the baby might be in distress. Which sentence BEST elaborates on the reason that Luna must give Nala anesthesia in this case?

Nala is still a wild animal, and if she is in pain, she might inadvertently hurt the vets during an exam.

A young boy has discovered someone's pet cockatiel in the back of his yard. He doesn't know anyone in the neighborhood who has birds, and this bird looks like it needs some help. He takes the bird to Olivia, who is a veterinarian. As she performs an examination, she notes that the bird has a few spots where it has lost its feathers and some of the ones that have replaced them are abnormally shaped. Olivia examines the bird's beak, where she sees tiny lesions. Considering these symptoms, how will Olivia MOST likely confirm the disease that this bird is suffering from?

Olivia will take a skin or feather biopsy to confirm beak and feather disease.

Qasim gets sick with terrible nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. His mother takes him to the doctor, who listens to Qasim explain his symptoms. The doctor tells Qasim that it sounds as if he may have contracted salmonella and wants to know if he has eaten at any restaurants in the past 24 hours. Exasperated, his mother exclaims, "Qasim! That turtle of yours!" This changes the doctor's focus. It is likely that Qasim has contracted salmonella from his pet turtle. Which sentence describes how Qasim MOST likely picked up the infection?

Qasim did not wash his hands after moving the turtle and then touched his mouth.

Considering how it is transmitted, which would be the MOST effective preventive measure against Lyme disease among a stable of racehorses?

Spraying down the stables regularly with an insecticide designed for ticks.

Aiden has a new baby brother. The baby screams constantly. He is annoyed because it seems that no one can calm the baby. Aiden's grandmother tells him that it's not the baby's fault. It is because he has colic. Aiden doesn't know anything about babies, but he knows that his horse, Pepper, had colic once. How is Pepper's case likely similar to Aiden's baby brother?

They both experienced pain in the stomach.

The researchers in a veterinary lab are discussing a proposed experiment. Two of the head researchers want to modify the genetic material of a type of bird that is in danger of extinction. They believe that they can make the bird better able to tolerate warmer temperatures. The other two researchers are staunchly against the project. Which statement would MOST likely be one reasoning point that these opposing researchers might make?

Using technology to modify an animal's genetic structure could go wrong and cause the animal to have serious disabilities.

Omar is an experienced herpetologist. Often, he is called to solve or diagnose issues for animals in captivity. In which situation would Omar's services MOST likely be needed?

an alligator farm whose oldest alligator is suffering from gout

Ahmad is a veterinary scientist who specializes in avian medicine. He is frequently flown in to help with special and unusual cases. Which case would MOST likely warrant Ahmad's attention?

an outbreak of polyomavirus in an exotic bird rescue

At the marine aquarium where she works, Meera is in charge of the penguin exhibit. She notices that one of the chinstrap penguins, Bob, looks to be gasping for breath. She calls in the veterinary specialist, who performs tests. The specialist tells Meera that Bob has aspergillosis and will need treatment. Which kind of medication will the specialist MOST likely use to clear up Bob's issue?

anti-fungal

On his farm, Ryan has several pigs. When going out to fill up their water one morning, Ryan notes that several have pustules on their ears. Ryan immediately calls his veterinarian. When the veterinarian examines Ryan's pigs, he notes that several also have pustules on their stomachs and their hooves are very dry. He tells Ryan that he is prescribing some medication that should help clear them up. Considering the condition of Ryan's pigs, which type of medication is the veterinarian MOST likely to prescribe?

antiviral

. Ian is a veterinary scientist who is trying to find out how to boost animal growth without the use of hormones. Which classification of animals should Ian study for the best chance at answering his question?

domestic animals

. If you were to tour a city in ancient Greece, you might find a few people who spend their time treating animals. Each one has a special name for his trade. Which title would you NOT likely find as the ancient veterinarians introduced themselves?

hawk doctor

While holding her beloved pug, Bianca listens as the veterinary scientist shows her x-rays that were taken earlier in the day. He tells Bianca that the x-ray clearly shows that her dog's caput is misshapen, keeping it from fitting well in the joint. To what part of the x-ray is the veterinarian MOST likely pointing?

the top of the pug's femur

Josiah is excited to be following in his mother's footsteps by attending veterinary school. Growing up, Josiah helped in the clinic as his mother cared for the pets in the community. She asks him constantly about his studies. Josiah tells his mother that he is on the section about exotic animals. He finds it interesting but does not see how it will be of much use to him in a regular veterinary practice. His mother tells him to pay close attention because he may put the knowledge to use, even if he doesn't realize it now. Which one of the clinic's patients would MOST benefit from Josiah's training on exotic animals?

the young hedgehog that has crusting dermatitis on his face