VNSG 1323: Chapter 24 Prep U Questions

A client tells the nurse that he wants to improve physical fitness. The client asks the nurse advice about exercise. The nurse tells the client that to strengthen the heart muscle and use fat stores, the client should exercise three or more times per week at the target heart level for how many minutes? Record your answer using a whole number.

15 minutes Explanation: Exercising at the target rate for 15 minutes (excluding the warm-up and cool-down periods) three or more times per week strengthens the heart muscle and promotes the use of fat reserves for energy. Exercising beyond the target heart rate reduces endurance by increasing fatigue.

A nurse is teaching a client about ROM exercises. How many times should the client exercise each joint during the exercise period?

2-5 Explanation:The nurse should exercise each joint at least two to five times during each exercise period.

A client has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is unable to perform basic self-care activities or activities of daily living (ADLs). What would be an appropriate nursing diagnosis?

Activity intolerance Explanation: Activity Intolerance is any condition that interferes with the transport of oxygenated blood to tissue. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is one condition that meets these criteria.

When explaining the benefits of isotonic exercises to promote cardiorespiratory conditioning and increase lean muscle mass, which exercise should the nurse tell the client to perform?

Aerobic exercise Explanation: The nurse should ask the client to perform aerobic exercises, which involve rhythmically moving all parts of the body at a moderate-to-slow speed without hindering the ability to breathe. Body building, weight lifting, and push-ups are isometric exercises, which improve blood circulation but do not promote cardiorespiratory function. In fact, strenuous isometric exercises temporarily elevate blood pressure.

A client has been prescribed exercise at the metabolic energy equivalent (MET) of 1. Which exercise type will the nurse recommend?

Dressing self Explanation: Dressing self is the MET of 1. Other answers are incorrect.

The nurse supervises the UAP performing passive range-of-motion exercises for a client using circumduction. In which capacity will the UAP move the joint?

Forming a Circle Explanation: Circumduction involves forming a circle. Abduction is moving away from the midline; turning upward is supination; plantar flexion is bending toward the sole of the foot.

A nurse wearing a Fitbit averages taking 14,000 steps daily when working a 12-hour shift, 3 days weekly. During a physical assessment, how will this nurse describe this activity level to the employee health nurse?

Highly Active Explanation: Highly active individuals take 12,500 steps daily or more. Other answers are incorrect.

An orthopedic client is instructed to tighten the gluteus muscles and relax. This is an example of an:

Isometric Exercise Explanation: Isometric exercise is static exercise by which the client tenses a muscle, holding it stationary while maintaining tension.

During a physical examination, the nurse inquires about the client's level of physical activity. The client reports that he is a marathon runner. The nurse identifies running as which type of exercise?

Isotonic exercise Explanation: Isotonic exercise involves muscle shortening and active movement, such as running, walking, and cycling. Isometric exercise involves muscle contraction without shortening of muscle fibers. Passive exercise is performed by the nurse, family member, or therapist, and the client's muscles do not exert the effort. Isokinetic exercise involves muscle contractions with resistance, such as weight training

A nurse is caring for an inactive client and assisting the client in performing range-of-motion (ROM) exercises. What care should the nurse take when performing range-of-motion exercises?

Move each joint until there is resistance but no pain. Explanation:The nurse assisting the inactive client with range-of-motion exercises should assist in moving each joint until there is resistance but no pain. This will enusre that each joint is exercised to its point of limitation. The nurse should not place any pillows and other positioning devices, because they interfere with the exercises. The nurse should follow a systematic, repetitive pattern when performing the range-of-motion exercise to prevent overlooking any joint. The nurse must perform similar movements with each extremity to bilaterally exercise the joints.

A nurse is supervising a client who is exercising. The client is performing isometric exercises. The nurse teaches the client that isometric exercise preserves:

Muscle Mass Explanation: Isometric exercises help to preserve muscle mass. These exercises are helpful for strengthening the abdominal, gluteal, and quadriceps muscles, which are necessary for ambulation. Isometric exercises are not useful in preventing joint deformities, stiffness of joints, or skin breakdown. Skin breakdown can be prevented by frequent repositioning of the client. Regular range-of-motion exercises help to prevent joint deformities and stiffness of joints by preventing muscular contractures.

A client is supposed to build up to exercise of moderate intensity. What activities would the nurse recommend to meet this criterion?

Slow Swimming Explanation: Slow swimming is an example of a moderate level activity. Bowling is a low intensity activity, whereas playing basketball and running more than 6 mph are high intensity activities.

The home care nurse is assessing a client's vital signs at rest. Which finding requires nursing intervention?

Temperature 100.0º F (37.78º C) Explanation:The nurse should intervene when the client's temperature is high. All other vital signs are normal.

A nurse is educating a client on how to exercise safely. What should the nurse include in the teaching?

Walk or jog against the traffic Explanation: The nurse should ask the client to walk or jog against the traffic as a safety precaution. The nurse should ask the client to plan at least 20-minute exercise periods at a convenient time 3 to 5 days each week, rather than 20 minutes twice a week. The client should have complex carbohydrates such as pasta or rice, rather than simple sugars, prior to exercising. The heart rate should be measured two or three times while exercising, not just after exercising.

An older adult is beginning an exercise program and asks the nurse about the appropriate drink for fluid replacement. What would the nurse advise?

Water Explanation: Older adults need to eliminate their intake of caffeinated and alcoholic beverages before and during physical activity to avoid depleting fluid volume. Water is the preferred drink for fluid replacement.