Vol 2
What command initializes QLP?
@QLP
What is an alphanumeric literate?
A character string enclosed by single quotes
Define a character string
A set of continuous characters
Why information is obtained by using the COUNT command?
A tally of data item occurrences
What is a conditional qualifying expression?
An expression that specifies the data conditions that must be met in order to retrieve or update data
How does a user know when a data error may exist?
By a TRIC inquiry or background report output that displays the wrong information.
How are linen numbers deleted?
By entering the line number and transmitting
How can a user determine the construction requirement of a QLP statement?
By referencing the syntax skeleton
How do you process a run in batch mode of SIMAN?
By using keywords
What clause establishes a hierarchy for processing?
CONTROLS
How do you change an existing line of text?
Call up the line number, make the necessary changes, and transmit
What is used to string commands together?
Commas
What does the EDIT feature do?
Correct errors or modify an existing report
What statement sets up the body of a report?
DETAIL clause
What user-defined term identifies the occurrence of a data item?
Data identifier
What does the subschema do?
Describes how different the users view the database
What clause must be the final clause in a report definition?
END REPORT
What command terminates a QLP session?
EXIT
What does the PAGE clause do?
Enables the user to specify the length and width of a page in terms of lines and columns
Identify the relational operator in the following statement: LIST WHERE MPR-GRD='007'
Equal (=)
What is defined in the set section of the subschema?
Every set in the database and every set user in the database.
What are the default margins?
Four lines top and bottom; zero left and right margins
What two commands do you use to call up line numbers?
GO and LIST
What are the three functions of TRIC: RIS?
Identifies and/or corrects communication status and inventory problems in IMDS Reconciles the IMDS and REMID database Deletes and clears all REMIS errors on the IMDS database
What is the purpose of a macro?
It allows you to reference a unique name that you defined with the macro anytime you want
If you do not specify the DETAIL or SUMMARY, what is the system response?
It assumes you want a DETAIL report
What are Boolean operators?
Key words that link relational operators in a logical sequence
As used with QLP, what do verbs mean?
Keywords that specify the action to be performed for a given clause
What is the command to exit the edit mode?
LEAVE-EDIT or LEA
How would you write a statement requesting a double-spaced report?
LINE PLUS 2
What controversial inquiry command makes your output more readable and presentable?
LIST BY COLUMN
How would you write a MASK statement indicating that the 4th position of a 5-digit literal is to be selected if it equals T?
MASK ***_*='T' or MASK***_='T'
What clause enables the user to develop a cover page?
MESSAGE
What command stops the echoing?
MODE IS NO ECHO
When is the OMIT directive used?
OMIT disregards all input made during the processing mode.
What statement directs Ian inquiry to print at the Enterprise Output Manager printer.
OUTPUT TO DEVICE DP0069
How many schemas does the IMDS central database have?
One
What are three types of data relationships?
One-to-one, one-to-many, and many-to-many
How many headings and footings are allowed for each data identifier or Boolean expression listen in the CONTROLS clause?
Only one per data identifier
What clause specifies the beginning page number of a report?
PAGE-COUNTER
How would you write a picture clause for a numeric, 7 position data identifier?
PIC IS 9(07)
What are the first and last statements of a QLP procedure?
PROCEDURE and END PROCEDURE
Where does a foreign key relate a table to?
Parent table
What command allows you to execute a previous action clause with a new WHERE clause?
REPEAT
What clause must first appear in a report definition?
REPORT
What are the basic structures of a network database?
Records and Sets
What are the types of words used with QLP?
Reserved and key words
What statement contains the WHERE clause?
SELECT
What SORT command sorts numeric values from highest to lowest?
SORT DESC.
What is a user defined term?
Sequence of one or more words, liberals, or combination of both that must be supplied by the user to satisfy the syntactical requirements of a QLP statement
What is a page?
Subdivision of an area
What database structure does the roll-up area follow?
The DMS database
What clause allows you to specify where you want your report printed?
The TO clause
Why information is obtained by using the LIST command?
The contents of specific records, ranging from a single data item to an entire record
What does the DENSITY clause control?
The number of lines per inch to be printed
What is SIMAN?
The primary security processor for the mainframe computers used at the DECC
What is the purpose of the DECLARE clause?
To define the explicit attributes of a derived name
Why do relational databases use indexed fields?
To improve query performance and efficiency
What is the function of the editing LIST command?
To list the entire report or a particular line
What is the purpose of a SORT clause?
To specify the order in which a report is to be presented
What is the purpose of the MACRO clause?
To tell the QLP that you plan to define a macro and give an entity name to the macro
What is the purpose of the END-MACRO clause?
To tell the QLP you are finished with your macro definition
What command allows the selection criteria for the current command to be the same as that of the preceding command?
WHERE SAME
How are procedures invoked?
With the CALL command
What character option do you enter in screen mode to exit out of SIMAN?
X
What does a rectangle box represent on a system schematic?
a Record
What is the purpose of the DEFAULT clause?
defines attributes(type data and length of field) of a derived name that was not explicitly declared
What does the online schema diagram depict?
7R1 DMS and RDMS schema
What screen is used to LOCK and UNLOCK aircraft records?
9012
What is the difference between a DBP and DBK?
A DBP represents the relative position of a record on a page and a DBK represents the absolute location of that record.
What is a database?
A collection of interrelated data
What is a data model?
A description of data structures that are required by a database
What is DDL?
A high-level computer schema language used to design and create schemas, and is independent of any programming language.
What is another function of the table box on the area diagram?
A hyperlink to the table schema
What is a record placement strategy?
A method for storing and accessing a record for each type
What two elements define a data relationship?
A name(optional or mandatory), and a degree(how many)
What kind of database is made up of two-dimensional tables of data values?
A relational database
What is meant by a RB?
A rollback erases the effects of input. The DMR would return the database to its previous condition prior to the offending input.
What is a TRIC?
A three-character code that the computer uses to determine the program or routine requested
On what is a TRIC access based?
A user's role or job.
Where would you find detailed explanations of the codes associated with an abnormal disk condition?
AFCSM 21-571, volume 2, attachment 2
How are the tables in the RDMS schema arranged?
Alphabetically
What is the highest subdivision of a database?
An Area
What is a data relationship?
An association between two or more data items or relational tables
What are the three parts of a DBK?
Area Code, page number, and record number
What is a schema?
As a separate entity from a database file, it describes the exact physical layout of every record in the database. It also describes the logical relationship between each record.
Why are many-to-many relationships not allowed to be used in a relational database?
Because they cannot be represented in a relational database.
How are direct records accessed?
By the DBK
What type of records can be accessed using key data elements identified in the schema?
CALC records
What SQL statement is used to build a relational table?
CREATE TABLE
What option of the UDSMON provides the current records, DBK, and command being performed?
DMR status of the individual run
What are the four sections of the data division within the schema?
Data Name Section, Area section, record section, and Set section
What should a requirements analysis determine?
Data requirements of the database(raw), classification/description, relationships among objects, types of transactions, rules governing data integrity.
What are 4 advantages to data normalization?
Data will always be correct and precise, less redundant data, more efficient, and more adaptable to changing requirements
What purpose does the record section of the subschema serve?
Defines every record in the database
What are the three types of records based on the record placement strategy?
Direct, CALC, and via set
What are some advantages to normalizing data to 3NF?
Eliminates redundant data, saves space, reduces data manipulation, allows for faster more efficient queries
What are the two levels of operation in the central database?
Enterprise and ELC
What option tells you what database files and schemes are being used?
File usage information
What are the four major steps to accomplish if there is an aircraft mishap?
Get specific aircraft details, lock the aircraft records, run history reports, unlock the aircraft records
Six categories of the 7R1 RDMS tables?
History, AEF, Portal, Reference, Security, and System Support
Where do logical errors usually occur?
In manual sets
Where are the reference data, security data, validation tables, and JDD history located?
In the RDMS database
What does 2NF deal with in regards to data relationships?
It deals with relationships between composite key columns and non-key columns
What is RB error code 02 and what corrective action would you first try for an RB code 02.
It is a deadlock between run units; in other words, two inputs tried to access the same data at the same time and deadlocked between each other. The user needs to retransmit the input to correct this condition.
How do you restart an online program when the database is restored after a system failure?
It is restarted automatically once the database is restored by the DMR. No input action is required by the user.
Describe the record placement method "first"
It places the newest record closest to the owner.
What kind of structure does the database diagram describe?
Logical structure
For a mishap, how do MAF LOG C2 and IMDS differ in the way their records are secured?
MAF LOG C2 locks the aircraft records and IMDS secures the entire database
What are the two levels of TRIC access?
Main option and Sub-Option
What is mean by automatic set participation?
Member/owner linkage is established by the system when a record is created in the database.
How are the logical relationships in a relational database created and maintained?
Must create a third table(linking table), to join the two tables together and create two one-to-many relationships
When reading the area section of the subschema, what does sizing information mean?
Number of pages allocated and the size of each page
Describe one-way-circular linkage.
Owner points to the first member of the chain, that record points to the next, and so on; the last member points back to the owner.
What are the owner/member record relationships?
Owner records are at the highest level of a set with member records linked at a lower level to their respective owner. In order for a record to be an owner there must be records below it.
What are used to establish relationships between records in a network database?
Physical pointers
What do you immediately do when you are notified of a mishap?
Place IMDS in FUD mode and enter the USER IDs of personnel allowed to process transactions while the system is in FUD.
What type of keys do the primary index files store?
Primary keys
What kind of communication equipment is processed by TRIC: RIS?
REMIS reportable equipment
What are two advantages of using one-to-many relationships in a relational database?
Reduce the size of the database, and increase the flexibility and performance of queries performed on the data
In what tables can you find REMIS supplied references data?
Reference tables
What are the primary users of the table cross reference chart?
SQL programmers
What IMDS screen is known as the security subsystem menu?
Screen 38
In IMDS, what are the five major steps you need to accomplish if there is an aircraft mishap?
Secure the database, run a database save, get specific aircraft details, run reports and inquiries, and allow users back into the database
What is the programming language used for building, retrieving, and updating a relational database?
Structured Query Language (SQL)
What is the difference between a system failure and a program failure?
System failure is when the mainframe computer goes down and communication to the computer is lost. Program failure is when a program does not successfully reach completion and error messages are displayed
In what tables can you find info such as background runs and print reports?
System support tables
What type of users cannot create pointer errors?
TIP users (other than the DBM)
Name the 2 rules for data normalization to 3NF.
Table must already be in 2NF, there must be no transitive dependencies
What error code is used in conjunction with the function code to assist in analyzing an abnormal disk condition?
The DMR error code
What do the last four characters in the area name represent?
The ELC
What does the master profile Generic_User_Profile have?
The basic TRICS that all users need
What is the difference between a data item and a data value?
The intersection of a column and a row is a data item. Specific value of a data item is a data value.
Define database design.
The logical and physical structure of one or more databases to accommodate the information needs of the user in and organization for a defined set of applications.
Who gives the approval to UNLOCK aircraft records?
The maintenance group commander
What is the first step in building an effective data model?
The planning and requirements analysis
What is the purpose of the program "TRIC Security Inquiry", screen 896?
The program inquires the Allowed_Profile and the User_Profile_Delta tables to see what access User IDs have been granted.
What does it mean when an unrecoverable error occurs while the system is running a batch program?
This condition occurs when a program can no longer process
What does a green screen refer to regarding computer systems?
Those systems still utilizing a text-based screen transaction using green text and black background screens
What type of centralized functions does the UDSMON provide?
Thread control, locking and queuing, system table control (like file description tables), database I/O, cache, storage management, and data recovery
What is the goal of data normalization?
To create a set of relational tables that are free of redundant data and with records that can be easily queried and correctly updated, added, or deleted
What is the purpose of data model?
To define relational tables, primary and foreign keys, and procedures for manipulating the stored data
How many roll-up areas are there in the 7R1 DMS schema?
Two
What is the lowest level of profile administration?
Unit DBM
How many years of data can the historical tables hold?
Up to five years
Describe the two parts of of a table box.
Upper part contains table name; lower part contains one or more primary keys
4 rules for data normalization to 1NF?
Values in each column of a table are atomic, eliminate repeating groups in individual tables, create separate table for each set of related data, identify each set of related data with a primary key
What are the two dimensions that make up the structure of a relational table?
Vertical columns and horizontal rows
The majority of the IMDS database is comprised of what type of records?
Via Set
When do you send a copy of the IMDS database containing communication equipment to REMIS?
When all errors are corrected
What is meant by linked prior?
Where every record of a set also points to the record that precedes it.
How are off page connectors TO an area reflected on a system schematic?
With an area pointing to a circled number
How are off page connectors FROM an area reflected on a system schematic?
With an arrow pointing from a circled number to a record
Describe the single sign-on capability.
You have the capability to move from one ELC to another without signing off and signing back on
When you encounter an abnormal disk condition that you are unsure how to correct, to whom do you turn to for assistance?
Your supervisor, host DBM, system monitor, or the FAS at AFMC AFLCMC/HICS
