VTA 150 and 160

Which of the following statements regarding Elizabethan collars is false? a. They allow the dog full peripheral vision b. They prevent the dog from chewing on bandages or itself c. They can be constructed at the hospital from plastic buckets, x-ray film, cardboard, or large plastic bottles. d. The dog might have to be shown how to eat and drink while wearing the collar

a. They allow the dog full peripheral vision

Pigs possess all of the following traits except: a. quietness b. intelligence c. stubborness d. viciousness

a. quietness

An overhand knot is a. bowline knot b. surgeon's knot c. reefer's knot d. bowline on the bight knot

b. surgeon's knot

Eight-week-old puppies can usually be kept in a crate fro approximately a maximum of ___ hours without soiling their crate a. 1 to 2 b. 4 to 6 c. 5 to 7 d. 8 to 10

b. 4 to 6

A horse that has its ears pinned back is showing signs of a. fear b. alertness c. nervousness d. uncertainty

a. fear

All of the following are used to prevent the ends of the rope from unraveling or fraying except: a. hanking b. whipping c. coating the ends with a stop fraying product d. tying an overhand knot close to both ends

a. hanking

A horse's body language can convey all of the following except: a. whether its hungry b. whether it comprehends what you want it to do c. whether it is paying attention d. whether it is angry

a. whether its hungry

Which of the following is a chronic wound? a. Gunshot wound b. Surgical incision c. Decubital ulcer d. Bite wound

c. Decubital ulcer

f cattle are unable to flee a threatening situation, they will rely on all of the following to defend themselves except: a. speed b. head c. hooves d. vocalization

d. vocalization

Which type of urinary catheter is most appropriate for placement in a blocked cat? a. Metal b. Frozen red rubber c. Tomcat catheter d. Polyproylene e. B or C would be appropriate

e. B or C would be appropriate

The type of restraint used on cattle depends upon which factor(s)? a. age of animal b. sex of animal c. breed of animal d. previous exposure to people e. all of the above f. none of the above are critical factors that determine type of restraint

e. all of the above

Clinical signs of an ear infection include: a. head tilt b. anisocoria c. nystagmus d. vomiting e. both A and C

e. both A and C

All puppies and kittens should be vaccinated for rabies between 12 and 16 weeks, and again in 3 weeks with a booster. True or False

false

Which of the following is a chronic wound? A. Gunshot wound B. Surgical incision C. Decubital ulcer D. Bite wound

C. Decubital ulcer

what is scattered radiation?

its radiation that hit an object and bounces off

Which of the following is considered to be a predator animal?

kittens

Wound lavage solutions are most effective when delivered with a pressure of at least: A. 7 psi B. 35 psi C. 60 psi D. 70 psi

A. 7 psi

____________ and _____________ quickly become ________________ during restraint techniques performed in warm weather.

. Pigs, sheep, hyperthermic

how many classification for triage?

4

A capillary refill time of more than 2 seconds: A. indicates reduced blood perfusion B. indicates fever C. indicates pain D. is normal in some dog breeds

A. indicates reduced blood perfusion

What is the first step in wound management? A. Evaluate for bacterial contamination B. Control of hemorrhage C. Evaluate the wound location D. Look for tissue in the wound

B. Control of hemorrhage

During initial wound treatment, the wound should be protected while preparing the areas around it by: A. instilling ophthalmic ointment B. applying sterile ointment C. careful clipping around the wound D. applying mineral oil

B. applying sterile ointment

Diagnostic possibilities of an animal's illness are termed: A. definitive possibilities B. differential diagnoses C. circumstantial presumptions D. tentative conclusions

B. differential diagnoses

Wounds that are allowed to remain open are said to heal by: A. primary intention B. secondary intention C. third intention D. primary closure

B. secondary intention

A fluctuation in heart rate with respiration is called: A. sinus rhythm B. sinus arrhythmia C. supraventricular rhythm D. respiratory dysrhythmia

B. sinus arrhythmia

A wound is infected when the number of microorganisms reaches: A. 1 per gram of tissue B. 1000 per gram of tissue C. 100,000 per gram of tissue D. 1,000,000 per gram of tissue

C. 100,000 per gram of tissue

The best method of lavage is use of: A. gravity flow B. bulb syringe C. 35- to 60-mL syringe and needle D. turkey baster

C. 35- to 60-mL syringe and needle

Which arrhythmia may be normal in dogs? A. Gallop rhythm B. Arterial fibrillation C. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia D. Premature ventricular contractions

C. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia

Which lavage solution is reserved for a one-time, initial irrigation of dirty wounds? A. Lactated Ringer solution B. 10% povidone-iodine scrub C. 0.05% chlorhexidine D. 3% hydrogen peroxide

D. 3% hydrogen peroxide

Preoperative antibacterials are generally used when: A. the surgery is less than 90 minutes and is an elective procedure B. an experienced surgeon is using an aseptic technique C. patients of good health have a short surgery time D. a patient has sustained severe systemic trauma

D. a patient has sustained severe systemic trauma

Decubital ulcers can occur with which of the following? a. Improper bandaging b. Snakebites c. Thermal burns d. Chemical burns

a. Improper bandaging

Which of the following statements about restraining sheep is the least accurate? a. Jugular venipuncture can be performed only with the sheep in the standing position b. Oral medication for sheep typically is in the form of individual boluses or a drenching solution c. Cephalic venipuncture can be performed with the sheep in the setting up position d. To administer oral medication to a sheep that is alone in a pen, pin it against a wall or back it into a corner

a. Jugular venipuncture can be performed only with the sheep in the standing position

Which of the following statements about restraining sheep is the most accurate? a. When setting up a young sheep, the animal will be more comfortable if it is sitting further back on its rump. b. When releasing a sheep from the setting up position, be cautious of the animal flailing its back legs c. When a sheep is in lateral recumbency, keeping its head off the ground will prevent the animal from righting itself d. The setting up position is used most often when shearing sheep

a. When setting up a young sheep, the animal will be more comfortable if it is sitting further back on its rump.

A horse that has its tail clamped tight is showing signs of a. nervousness b. fear c. alert d. anger

a. nervousness

The primary defense mechanism used by cattle when facing a threatening situation is to flee. This is because cattle are ____________ animals a. prey b. predatory c. herd d. nonaggressive

a. prey

The primary layer of a bandage: a. rests on the wound b. provides absorbency and padding c. holds the other layers in place d. is not important and is not always usedq

a. rests on the wound

Large, watery stools are typical of: a. small bowel diarrhea b. large bowel diarrhea c. dehydration d. pancreatitis

a. small bowel diarrhea

What is TRUE about the capture and restraint of sheep? a. Pulling on the fleece is an effective way to provide a harmless restraint b. They are easy to restrain if you consider their instinct to remain with the flock c. They can be hyperthermic if chased because of their full coat of wool d. Halters are easy to use with them because of their long noses

b. They are easy to restrain if you consider their instinct to remain with the flock

Which of the following statements about restraining a goat for hoof trimming is the least is the least accurate? a. Tie the goat or have someone hold the goat by its beard and neck or by its cheeks b. To trim a goat's front feet, grasp the leg at the tarsus c. The hooves on a goat usually are soft d. To trim a goat's rear feet, grasp the leg at the hock

b. To trim a goat's front feet, grasp the leg at the tarsus

The _______________ is used with skin grafts to keep the wound dry, prevent bacterial movement, afford continuous drainage, and eliminate the need for irrigation. a. the Penrose drain b. a closed-suction drain c. a gauze seton d. periodic needle aspiration

b. a closed-suction drain

During initial wound treatment, the wound should be protected while preparing the areas around it by: a. instilling ophthalmic ointment b. applying sterile ointment c. careful clipping around the wound d. applying mineral oil

b. applying sterile ointment

A ________________ is a sharp bend in the rope a. hitch b. bight c. half hitch d. throw

b. bight

Diagnostic possibilities of an animal's illness are termed: a. definitive possibilities b. differential diagnoses c. circumstantial presumptions d. tentative conclusions

b. differential diagnoses

Flushing of the stomach is known as : a. oral lavage b. gastric lavage c. regugitation d. vomitus

b. gastric lavage

Rocking a horse's ear as a distraction technique involves all of the following except: a. bending the ear back and forth b. grasping the ear at the tip of the pinna c. avoiding damage to the cartilage by gently applying the technique d. asking the owner's permission

b. grasping the ear at the tip of the pinna

The use of electric fences to help a dog learn the boundaries it may navigate is an example of: a. positive reinforcement b. negative reinforcement c. positive punishment d. negative punishment

b. negative reinforcement

A ________________ can be used as a tail tie on a horse or cow. a. hanging knot b. sheet bend knot c. snubbing hitch d. clove hitch

b. sheet bend knot

A wound is infected when the number of microorganisms reaches: a. 1 per gram of tissue b. 1000 per gram of tissue c. 100,000 per gram of tissue d. 1,000,000 per gram of tissue

c. 100,000 per gram of tissue

The best method of lavage is use of: a. gravity flow b. bulb syringe c. 35- to 60- ml syringe and needle d. turkey baster

c. 35- to 60- ml syringe and needle

what age do you give a puppy its first shot? a. 6 to 8 days b. 6 to 8 months c. 6 to 8 weeks d. 6 to 8 years

c. 6 to 8 weeks

Which of the following considerations is not among the most critical when restraining a horse's head? a. Standing on the same side of the horse as the person performing the procedure b. Keeping the horse's head down c. Using proper distraction techniques d. Never standing directly in front of the horse

c. Using proper distraction techniques

With regard to lifting and carrying a dog that weighs more than 50 pounds, which of the following statements is the most accurate? a. Two people always are required b. One person should lift from the dog's right side, while the other person lifts from the left side c. The person responsible for lifting the dog's hind end should wrap one arm around the abdomen, directly in front of the back legs, unless the patient is a male d. The person responsible for lifting the dog's hind end should wait until the dog's front legs are off the floor

c. The person responsible for lifting the dog's hind end should wrap one arm around the abdomen, directly in front of the back legs, unless the patient is a male

Short peripheral catheters are usually replaced: a. every 24 to 36 hours b. every 48 hours c. every 72 hours d. only as necessar

c. every 72 hours

When helping to restrain a horse for a veterinarian, which side of the horse should you be standing on? a. they can be set up on their rumps b. they should never be grasped by their fore legs as their bones are fragile and easily broken c. grasping and lifting a front leg is the best way to capture and have it remain still d. like sheep, they have a strong herd instinct and can be herded

c. grasping and lifting a front leg is the best way to capture and have it remain still

Regarding the herding of cattle: a. they are difficult to move from place to place b. though easily spooked, they readily calm down c. the handler's voice can assist in prompting movement d. electric prods should be applied only over the animal's shoulders

c. the handler's voice can assist in prompting movement

A small dog weighs a. up to 45 pounds b. up to 40 pounds c. up to 35 pounds d. up to 30 pounds

c. up to 35 pounds

All of the following characteristics are among a sheep's defense mechanisms except: a. head butting b. speed c. vocalization d. instinct to remain with the flock

c. vocalization

Veterinary behaviorists recommend that the cat litter box be changed: a. daily b. every other day c. weekly d. monthly

c. weekly

Which of the following animals would not exhibit the "herd instinct" when members of its group are threatened?

cats

Are rabies a core vaccine or elective vaccine?

core vaccine

what age do kittens get their first vaccine? a. 8 to 12 months b. 8 to 12 days old c. 12 months d. 6 to 8 weeks

d. 6 to 8 weeks

To determine hemodynamic stability, what needs to be considered? a. Mucous membrane color b. Pulse quality c. Respiration rate d. Blood pressure e. Both A and B together

d. Blood pressure

A _________________ is when one rope is wrapped around another to make part of a knot a. hitch b. bight c. half hitch d. throw

d. throw

Preoperative antibacterials are generally used when: a. the surgery is less than 90 minutes and is an elective procedure b. an experienced surgeon is using an aseptic technique c. patients of good health have a short surgery time d. a patient has sustained severe systemic trauma

d. a patient has sustained severe systemic trauma

A _____________________ involves placing a rope around an animal's neck and securing its legs with the same rope. a. bowline knot b. surgeon's knot c. reefer's knot d. bowline on the bight knot

d. bowline on the bight knot

Withholding affection when a dog jumps up to greet you is an example of: a. positive reinforcement b. negative reinforcement c. positive punishment d. negative punishment

d. negative punishment

A _______________ is the best tool for restraining the head of a dairy cow. a. nose lead b. bight c. nose ring d. rope halter

d. rope halter

Restraint of an animal in a hospital setting can involve all of the following except:

having the owner restrain a fractious pet

what is the primary radiation?

it the radiation that comes out of the primary beam

what vaccine cause sacroma in cats?

rabies and and FELV

Which of the following is not a potential consequence of a restraint procedure? a. Lack of stress in a normal, healthy animal. b. Delayed recovery c. Shock d. Death

a. Lack of stress in a normal, healthy animal.

A capillary refill time of more than 2 seconds: a. indicates reduced blood perfusion b. indicates fever c. indicates pain d. is normal in some dog breeds

a. indicates reduced blood perfusion

Regarding venipuncture of the lateral saphenous vein a. it is used when other veins have been rendered useless, or when other veins must be saved for other procedures b. place the dog in sternal recumbency c. the restrainer grasps the leg on which the venipuncture will occur just distal to the tarsus, then squeezes to occlude the vein d. while occluding the vein, the restrainer pulls the dog's leg inward, toward the animal's body

a. it is used when other veins have been rendered useless, or when other veins must be saved for other procedures

A __________________ is used to bind two limbs of an animal together. a. tomfool knot b. sheet bend knot c. half hitch d. quick-release knot

a. tomfool knot

Which of the following statements about capturing a goat is the least accurate? a. To capture a goat and have it remain still, grasp and lift one of its front legs b. Grasping and lifting a goat's hind leg to capture and restrain it is an effective technique c. Capturing a goat by grasping and lifting one of its front legs is effective for both large and small goats d. After capturing a goat, it can be restrained by pushing its body against a fence with your legs and hips.

b. Grasping and lifting a goat's hind leg to capture and restrain it is an effective technique

Which of the following statements about moving pigs is the most accurate? a. Paddles are used to direct a pig's movement by tapping it on the leg corresponding to the direction of movement desired b. Gently tapping a pig on its rump with a stick encourages the pig to move forward c. Hurdles are used to push a pig in one direction or another d. Paddles can be used to express displeasure with a pig's actions

b. Gently tapping a pig on its rump with a stick encourages the pig to move forward

When returning a dog to its cage, all of the following actions would be appropriate except? a. Placing your leg in front of the cage door to prevent the dog from barging out after it has reentered the cage, but before the leash is removed b. Opening the cage door with your right hand c. Asking the dog to "kennel up" d. Boosting a reluctant dog into the cage by reaching between its back legs and lifting up while pushing forward.

b. Opening the cage door with your right hand

Regarding the restraint of pigs, a. heavy fence panels provide a nearly escape-proof enclosure for pigs b. it is nearly impossible to capture one pig out of the herd c. because of their independent nature, pigs generally ignore the squealing of a herd mate d. a pig's body language provides adequate warning of impending aggression

b. it is nearly impossible to capture one pig out of the herd

Which of the following statements is true? . It is best to separate the mare from the foal before administering any treatment a. It is best to separate the mare from the foal before administering any treatment b. Dairy bulls become docile during mating season c. Piglets should be separated from their mother before administering any treatment d.When is estrus, mares become more tolerant of other mares.

c. Piglets should be separated from their mother before administering any treatment

When using a shepherd's crook to capture a sheep, hook one of its back legs in the area of its? a. dock b. stifle c. hock d. pastern

c. hock

The __________________ is not one of the most convenient venipuncture sites in a dog. a. jugular vein b. cephalic vein c. medial saphenous vein d. lateral saphenous vein

c. medial saphenous vein

The secondary layer of a bandage: a. is in contact with the wound itself b. is used to hold the other layers in place c. is placed using Elastikon d. provides support and moves exudates away from the wound

d. provides support and moves exudates away from the wound

What restraint technique will you use on a dog to obtain a vaginal smear? a. sternal recumbency b. sitting position c. lateral recumbency d. standing

d. standing

what are some radiology positioning aids?

v-trough, sandbags, and gauze as rope