W.4 Choose punctuation to avoid fragments and run-ons IXL

Kira's writing is effective because it is ____________ Is able to communicate complex ideas with few words.

economical; she

The figure skater pirouetted with ______________ she failed to properly execute her flip jump.

grace, but

Javier observed that the jar's metal lid was easier after it was ____________ realized the lid loosened up because metal expands when get hot.

heated. He

Whenever we invited Kristen to a party, she would decline our ____________ we would simply never hear back from her.

invitation, or

Patty experienced a whirlwind of emotions as she waited to hear back from her ________ excitement, fear, doubt, and hope.

job:

The phone call between astronaut Sunita Williams and marine biologist Tim Shank on January 26th, 2007, was the first of its _____________ was orbiting 220 miles from Earth, and Shank was 2 miles deep in the Ocean

kind. Williams

Nurses at the Ashland county hospital work long hours with little ____________ receive generous benefits.

pay but

Neil's thrift is evident in his refusal to dispose of _____________ even saves the extra forks and knives that are delivered with his take-out orders.

plasticware; he

Jen was an experienced speed chess _____________ still struggled with the pace of competitive tournaments.

player but

People who are lactose intolerant can obtain calcium from the following non-dairy _____________, salmon, baked beans, and almonds.

sources: collards

Some features of Earth that are visible from _____________ Himalayan Mountains Australia's Great Barrier Reef, and the human-made islands off the coast of Dubai.

space are the

Before Polly travels to a country where foreign language is _____________ makes sure to learn a few key phrases in that language-such as how to greet people and how to ask for directions

spoken, she

Though the log cabin was furnished with a wood __________ poorly insulated single-pane windows were no match for the cruel North Dakota winter.

stove, the

Certain items are indispensable for a wilderness backpacking trip, __________ compass, a map, a water filter, and a pocket knife.

such as a

Certain items are indispensable for a wilderness backpacking trip,_____________ compass, a map, a water filter, and a pocket knife.

such as a

The community garden receives ample sunlight and rainfall but is plagued by various pests _______________, slugs, squirrels, and rabbits.

such as aphids

Studies suggest that meditation has many health benefits, _________________ cardiovascular health, decreased cortisol (a hormone related to stress levels), and lower blood pressure.

such as improved

The community garden receives ample sunlight and rainfall but is plagued by various pests,____________, slugs, squirrels, and rabbits

such as rapids

Polar bears have translucent fur that appears white in the ________ makes them well adapted to life in the Arctic, where blending in with the snow helps them approach prey undetected.

sunlight; this

Ancient mathematicians probably used symbols to represent "empty columns," or zeros, in a number such as _____________ the concept of zero as a number wasn't developed until the fifth century CE.

100; however,

The following marsupials are all native to __________________ koalas, wombats, and Tasmanian devils.

Australia: kangaroos,

Francis Scott Key penned the lyrics to the American national anthem, "The Star Spangled Banner," after the battle of _____________ was inspired by the sight of the American flag still flying above the fort after twenty-five hours of bombardment

Fort McHenry; he

Rana sylvatica, a species of wood frog, endures harsh winters in a state of hibernation_______________ can survive with two-thirds of its body water completely frozen.

Hibernation; it

Two official versions of written Norwegian, Bokmål, and Nynorsk, are used in ________________ shares much in common written in Danish, while Nynorsk was created to preserve the Old Norse language.

Norway. Bokmål

After Brianna's family moved to Ireland, she and Pamela were separated by the Atlantic ______________ a prolific written correspondence sustained their friendship.

Ocean, but

Sir William Herschel discovered _________________ was also the first astronomer to accurately describe the spiral structure of the Milky Way Galaxy.

Uranus, and he

Shawn's summer vacation in Montana consisted almost entirely of outdoor ___________________ riding, hiking, swimming

activities: horseback

The spelling bee contestant appeared undaunted by the word _________ she still asked to hear the word used in a sentence.

ameliorate, but

A colony of carpenter bees built a nest in the decrepit wood shed in our ______________ don't intend to disturb them in their new home.

backyard. We

Lily traced her family's linage back to the eighteenth ______________ cross-referenced her grandmother's stories with a genealogical index at the library.

century. She

Taking a good photograph of the moon at night can be ______________ you may have better luck getting a clear image if you attach your camera to a tripod and choose a low ISO setting, which decreases your camera's sensitivity to light.

challenging; however,

Now that they've retired, my grandparents spend most weekends volunteering for local___________ hosting dinner parties at their lake home.

charities or

Josh's grandmother appreciates the fact that he listens patiently to recollections of her ______________ seems to enjoy even the smallest details.

childhood and

Although Jamie was born in Canada, his parents are U.S. ____________ he has dual citizenship and can seek employment in either country.

citizens; therefore,

While it is true that some species of chameleons have the ability to change their skin _____________ typically use this attribute to regulate their body temperatures-not to elude detection.

color, they

The La Brea tar pits formed from crude oil that seeped through fissures in the earth's ______________ fossilized remains of at least fifty-nine species of mammals from the Pleistocene Epoch have been found in the pits.

crust. The

The cities infrastructure favors motorists over _____________ parking is far more prevalent than bicycle lanes.

cyclists; curbside

The venerable old elm tree had sheltered and shaded two generations of our ______________ it was starting to decay so it had to be cut down.

family; nevertheless,

The city's narrow cobblestone streets gave it a medieval ____________________ the electric street lights on every corner were constant reminders of its modernity.

feel; however,

The Tiktaalik roseae, an aquatic creature that lived roughly 375 million years ago, is the first known species to have developed characteristics of four-legged animals while still retaining the features typically associated with ____________ , scales, and gills.

fish: fins

Lee is a connoisseur of French cinema; if you want to impress _____________ that you enjoy the films of Jean-Luc Gordard or Andre Bazin.

him, mention

Romance languages, which can be traced back to a form of Latin that was during the Roman Empire, _____________, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, and Romanian.

include French

The Dadaists, a group of twentieth-century artists who sought to destroy or deconstruct conventional definitions of art,__________, Tristan Tzara, Man Ray, and Max Ernst.

included Marcel Duchamp

Many genes of popular music have been heavily influenced by American blues, _______________ rock, hip hop, and soul.

including jazz

The objective of kite fighting , a popular sport in Afghanistan, is to slice another persons kite string with the string of your _____________ race to be the first to recover a kite once its string has been severed.

kite. Children

Aaron was an obvious choice for team captain, as he had all of the qualities of a great ________, charisma, intelligence, foresight, and courage.

leader:

Until we reach a rural area with little or no light___________ are unlikely to see a shooting star.

pollution, we

You must be present at the raffle drawing in order to claim a_______________ if you leave early, you automatically forfeit your potential winnings.

prize; consequently,

The term auteur describes a film director who assumes total artistic control over a film's _______________ it implies that by guiding the direction, cinematography, and lighting of a film, the director-not the screenwriter-becomes its true author.

production; furthermore

In propeller buzzing loudly, the seaplane taxied across the lake past the_____________steadily increased its speed in preparation for takeoff.

sailboats and

Stream of consciousness is a literary style that mimics the flow of natural___________ abandons conventional punctuation.

thought and

stream of consciousness in a literary style that mimics the flow of natural _____________ abandons conventional punctuation.

thought and

Japans Akashi Strait Bridge was built in a seismically unstable region prone to earthquakes and ______________ its engineers designed it to withstand winds up to 180 miles an hour.

tsunamis, so

The mountain pass was closed due to inclement _____________ our plans for an adventurous ski weekend were ruined.

weather, so

Before Mexican freetail bats migrate to Mexico for the ______________ can be seen flying out from under Austin's Congress Avenue Bridge every evening.

winter, they

Karen rarely talks about work when she is at home or lets her home life interfere with her________ has an impressive ability to keep one from intruding upon the other.

work; she

Mona rarely talks about work when she is at home or lets her home life interfere with her ________________ has an impressive ability to keep from intruding upon the other.

work; she

Although wild strawberries grow around the _____________ cultivated varieties that are most commonly eaten today originated from a hybrid of plants taken from Virginia and Chile.

world, the