Weaver HDFS 1070 Final
The central process for resolving the crisis of Industry versus Inferiority is
Education
With regards to parents who have a child with a developmental disability, the study discussed in the chapter found that
*ANSWER* *NOT* With regards to parents who have a child with a developmental disability, the study discussed in the chapter found that
By what age would you expect most infants to be able to pull themselves up to stand.
10 months
With regards to the developmental disorders ADD/ADHD and Autism Spectrum Disorder,
ADD/ADHD is four to nine times more likely in boys than girls.
At the microsystem level of development, two processes promote development. These are:
Activities in which the children engage and their interactions with people.
Elsa is excited to learn to read in school and is proud that she can now read picture books to her younger sister Anna. What component of industry is most reflected in this example?
Affective component
Why are some researchers and health professionals concerned about earlier puberty for girls? Increased risk of breast cancer for those who experience earlier puberty.
All of the above are explanations for the concern over earlier puberty.
Factors affecting the quality of attachment between caregiver and child include:
All of the above are factors affecting the quality of attachment between child and caregiver
A significant number of our studies focusing on individual and family development rely upon self-report methods. Important limitations and considerations of these include:
All of the above are important considerations of self-report methods.
It is recommended that children have how much physical activity?
At least 60 minutes a day
The researcher shows Janelle a card and asks her, "Are there more carrots or more vegetables in this picture?" The researcher is likely testing Janelle's
Classification skills
In one of my research studies, I found higher levels of stress to be related to lower levels of positive communication behaviors between romantic partners. The research design of this study would be considered ______ while the relationship between variables is _________.
Correlational; negative or inverse
This is defined as skilled and active interpretation and evaluation of observations, communications, information, and argumentation.
Critical thinking
Claire knows her brother Jon stayed out late with his friends, but she does not tell their parents because she does not want to get him in trouble. By keeping this secret, Claire is performing what sibling function?
Defend/Protect
Motor development in infancy is reliant upon what two processes of development?
Development of muscle strength and establishment of neural control over muscles
Mila is progressing along the expected sequence of motor development (rollng over, sitting up, pulling up and has begun to start walking at 22 months) but at a slower and later pace than is typical. Mila would likely be described as having a _____.
Developmental delay
In response to the Stability/Change debate of development, in this class we will be taking the position that:
Early experiences affect us but not in a deterministic way.
As discussed by Dr. Weaver in the online lecture, _______ refers to the extent to which the environment experienced by the participants in a scientific investigation has the properties it is supposed to or assumed to have by the investigator.
Ecological validity
Erikson viewed Freud's formulation of stages as incomplete in at least four ways. Which of the following is NOT one of these:
Freud conceptualized development to continue throughout the life span whereas Erikson believed that it ended in adolescence.
Once I have figured out the question or focus for my study, the next step in the research process would be to:
Go to the literature - examine existing research and theory
In their addition to Belsky's Model of Determinants of Parenting, Bogenschneider and colleagues proposed that the inclusion of _______.
Goodness of fit between parent and child.
Which of the following is NOT one of the questions for critical thinking?
How many people have viewed and shared this information?
Proposed reasons for the decline in age that puberty begins include all of the following EXCEPT
Increased time spent in front of screens, such as televisions, computers, and smartphones has led to radiation exposure.
Knowing and accepting oneself is part of the _____ aspect of ego identity.
Inner coherence
Which of the following is NOT correct with regards to the field of Human Development and Family Sciences?
It has been around longer and was firmly established before other social science fields such as Psychology.
Mark looks at the puzzle and immediately tells the researcher, "I can't do it." The researcher asks him to just give it a try. Mark responds "It does not matter how much I try, I can never do puzzles like other kids can." Mark might be exhibiting
Learned helplessness
Mistrust may arise from three sources, which of the following is NOT one of these?
Mismatch in goodness-of-fit
Belsky's original Theoretical Model of Determinants of Parenting include the three categories of:
Parent's characteristics, Contextual sources of support, Child's characteristics
By 9 months of age, which social emotional milestones would likely NOT yet be met?
Plays simple pretend, such as feeding a doll
This research approach is for exploring and understanding the meaning individuals or groups ascribe to a social or human problem.
Qualitative
Janelle knows that the two clay balls are the same amount even when one is rolled out as she can simultaneously manipulate the two dimensions of circumference and thickness in her mind. She recognizes that a change in one dimension is compensated for by a change in the other. According to Piaget, he would say that she understands
Reciprocity
According to Goetting, this is NOT one of the tasks of siblings in Early and Middle Adulthood:
Shared reminiscence and perceptual validation
Regarding the "Mozart Effect," which of the following statements is FALSE?
Simply playing classical music improves children's cognitive functioning.
We will be discussing numerous stage theories in class, a strength of these would be:
Stage theories allow us to track and predict the course of development (milestones).
Which of the following is NOT an assumption of the epigenetic principle?
Stages have a sequence but the order of these can vary between individuals.
This is the theory asserting that at birth a human being is a "blank slate."
Tabula Rasa
Tonya is concerned about her children's health and wants to promote a healthier weight for them. Which of the following is NOT a suggestion you would give her?
Tell her children they are overweight and need to be on a diet.
All of the following are characteristics of concrete operational thought EXCEPT:
The ability to think abstractly.
Trust, according to Erikson, depends on:
The quality of the relationship between caregiver and child
With regards to human development, which of the following is correct?
There are no pure advances or losses in human development
A newborn's characteristics include all of the following EXCEPT
They are unable to hear well.
Examples of this shaper of development include historical events such as the Depression, the Women's movement, 9/11, World War II and the rise of the internet.
Time factors
When taking a Lifespan perspective to examine human development, we would assume that:
We would assume all of the above when taking a Lifespan perspective.
Which of the following would be considered a normative stressor event?
adopting or giving birth to a child in early or middle adulthood
A strength of using surveys/questionnaires are that they
allow for inclusion and comparison with large populations and samples
Molly knows a dog has four legs. She sees a cow that also has four legs so she calls it a dog. This is an example of:
assimilation
Which of the following is the process through which people develop specific, positive, emotional bonds with others?
attachment
Dr. Coleman wants to understand the development of emerging adults. She chooses to study one young woman in great detail by making frequent observations of her behavior and interviews her many times in an attempt to understand her thoughts and feelings in order to provide an in-depth description of her. Which of the following qualitative is Dr. Wilson using?
case study
An infant being able to gain voluntary use of arms and hands before legs and feet is an example of which principle of development?
cephalocaudal
In our definition of family development, emphasis is placed upon two concepts _____ and ______.
change and process
_____The negative impact of transitions on a family's interaction following divorce tends to peak in the first year and then lessen over time as the family adapts to these changes.
chronosystem.
_______ is when people perceive as true what coincides with their current opinions rather than what is factually correct.
confirmation bias
The Wakefield vaccination study that reported a link between the MMR vaccine and behavioral regression has been rightly criticized for many reasons. As discussed in the online lecture, it was later revealed that it was funded by a group of lawyers who were representing parents in lawsuits against vaccine-producing companies. This example relates to which four suggestions in the text for being a critical consumer of research?
consider the source
Erikson's Networks of Significant relationships,
consist of Influential people and social settings that impact development
A study finds that children with larger feet are better readers than children with smaller feet. However, this does not mean that having bigger feet makes you a better reader. This can be explained by what suggestion for being a critical consumer of research?
correlation is not causation
A parent being able to shift attention to a child's needs from those of one's own is known as
decentering
The term _____ refers to systemic change within an individual or group of individuals that results from a dynamic interaction of hereditary and environmental influences.
development
This assumption from a Lifespan perspective, relates to the capacity of people (and families) to change throughout time.
development is plastic
An assumption of Bioecological Theory is that
development is tied to context and the environment
Set of skills and competencies that contribute to the increased mastery over one's environment and define what is healthy, typical development at each stage in a particular society.
developmental tasks
A high degree of dependence on one another and relatively little privacy characterize which type of internal boundary?
emeshed
_____Since she started high school, Mark's sister Becky started spending time in the afternoon participating in afterschool clubs and going out with friends. Mark now comes home to an empty house when the school bus drops him off and he has to start dinner by himself to have it ready when his parents and sister come home, a chore he and Becky used to do together.
exosystem
This research design is the only one that can truly test causal relationships between variables.
experimental
______ differs from human development in that it focuses upon the systemic or family changes that occur in a family system rather than changes in individuals.
family development
Data collection for this qualitative design often consists of interviews with 15 to 30 participants (continue to interview until no new meaningful information is gained).
grounded theory
Babies who avoid contact with their parents after separation or who ignore parent's efforts to interact with them have a(n) _____________ attachment.
inescure-avoidant
The family system property of _____ is reflected in the assertion that "a change in one part of the family has a reverberating impact on other parts of the family system."
interdependence
Robert Waldinger, in his Ted Talk, discussed findings from the ongoing Harvard's Study of Adult Development (often referred to as George Vaillant's study) which recruited men from Harvard University and later from Boston and followed them for over 80 years. This is an example of a __________ study.
longitudinal
_____The emphasis on individualism in the United States.
macrosystem.
The _____ strategies that evolve in a system reflect the priorities of the system and involve decisions about the use of resources.
maintenance task
Finding a way to maintain a satisfying sexual relationship would be an example of a strategy related to what family task during the transition to parenthood?
managing emotional climate tasks
Malique is six. At this age he likely is able to conserve
mass
The progression of motor development in an infant (going from rolling over to sitting up, to pulling up to stand) would be an example of
maturation
_____Chris' job as an airline pilot means that she works long hours and is out of town three out of seven days a week. She would like to spend more time with her spouse and children, but cannot afford to do so as budget cuts have forced longer hours with less pay and she fears she would be laid off if she does not fly the schedule and routes she is given. The time away is affecting her relationships with her family and the guilt and unhappiness she feels at home increases the stress she feels on the job.
mesosystem
Elaine notices that sudden stimulation such as a loud noise causes her 2-month-old to arch her back, throw back her head, fling out her arms and legs, and then rapidly close her limbs to the center of her body. Elaine's baby is exhibiting the _____ reflex.
moro
The purpose of this qualitative design is to portray the life of an individual or group of connected individuals
narrative
Conflict that is contained in families
none of the above
A limitation of this method of data collection is that people may behave differently if they are aware that they are being watched.
observation
It is estimated that at least _____ school aged children are obese.
one in five
Using abilities, concepts, or objects in a coordinate way is known as:
organizations
Which of the following is NOT one of the discussed factors that can impact a parent's ability to decenter?
parent's marital status
In talking about family development, events may trigger development in families, but development occurs over time and involves a sequence of actions and reactions. This illustrates the concept of _____ in family development.
process
Which of the following is NOT an example of an identity task?
regulating autonomy
In this criteria for evaluating quantitative research, we would be assessing the stability of measurement over a variety of conditions in which we would basically expect to obtain similar results; that is, to what extent are the measurements repeatable.
reliability
plans and procedures of research
research approach
procedures of inquiry
research design
Means used for data collection, analysis, and interpretion
research methods
Coordination of infant-caregiver interaction involves three related characteristics of interaction which are:
rhythm, reciprocity/matching and synchrony.
Relatively stable periods of time in a family's life are referred to as:
stages
This attribute of children, according to Bronfenbrenner, is the tendency for children to reorganize their environment in more elaborate ways.
structuring proclivity
In which sensorimotor substage does an infant begin to use trial and error to problem solve.
tertiary circular reactions
In order to successfully resolve each crisis, Erikson believed that:
the "positive" pole should dominate, but some experiences with the "negative" pole can and will occur.
In the United States, there are higher rates of obesity for children who are Latina or African American than for those who are white, non-Hispanic.
true
The health implications of obesity in Asia are greater due to the fact that complications associated with being overweight start at lower BMIs for those who are Asian than adults in Europe or the U.S.
true
By 9 months of age, you would expect an infant to have reached which milestone for cognitive and language development?
understands "no"
_____ is a term used to refer to the stressors resulting from the emotional legacy of a family.
vertical stressors
Those who willingly participate in studies may differ in important ways from individuals who choose (or are unable) to participate. This may limit the generalizability of study results, a complication of research known as:
volunteer bias
If I were concerned with the credibility of my qualitative study of stepmother's role experiences, I would be looking at the extent to which my findings
were authentic representations of my participant's experiences
An external event that might trigger development in families would be:
work-related injury
Prime adaptive ego qualities and core pathologies influence one's
worldview