Web-Page HTML/XHTML & Structure
What are "Logical elements"?
Represent the text's function on the page. The way they're displayed is up to the browser, which means they're platform-independent. HTML was designed to be purely logical, as it wasn't a design language (this has slightly changed).
What is an attribute?
Specifies the properties of a tag.
What are HTML Entities?
Stand for special characters, or even whole chunks of text - we can define.
What does SGML stand for?
Standard Generalized Markup Language
What does <strike> do?
Strike-through text.
What does <sub> do?
Subscripts text, like: ₂
What does <sup> do?
Superscript text, like: ²
What is a charset?
The character encoding is used in the document. Often linked to special characters in the specific language used on the website.
In the following, what is the URI? https://quizlet.com/create-set?inClass=4334399
The complete thing.
What is commonly called the tag content?
Things between opening and closing tags are that element's/tag's content.
Name two charset types
UTF-8 and ANSI.
What does <u> do?
Underlines text
What does URI stand for?
Uniform Resource Identifier
What does URL stand for?
Uniform Resource Locator
What does <h1>, <h2>, etc. do?
Used to define headings in different styles.
How do you specify the font format?
Using the <font> tag with attributes. <font color="red"> text </font>
What is XHTML?
XHTML is HTML extended with XML, so that documents are well-formed and may therefore be parsed using standard XML parsers, unlike HTML, which requires a lenient HTML-specific parser. It was incorporated into HTML5 (basically HTML5 is XHTML).
What is XML?
XML is a software- and hardware-independent tool for storing and transporting data
Are URLs case sensitive?
Yes
Does XHTML require all tags to be closed?
Yes
What does <em> do?
creates emphasis, and is usually displayed as italicised text. Equivalent to <i>.
What does <strong> do?
creates strong emphasis, and is usually displayed as bold text. Equivalent to <b>.
What does XML stand for?
eXtensible Markup Language
In the following, what is the URL? https://quizlet.com/create-set?inClass=4334399
http://quizlet.com/create-set
What does <code> do?
is suitable for giving examples of computer code, and is usually rendered in a mono-spaced font. Equivalent to <tt>.
What are the 5 main MIME types
text, image, video, audio, application
Does old HTML require all tags to be closed?
No
Write code for a 2D table with a heading and two standard rows.
<table> <thead> <tr> <th>First</th> <th>Second</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>E1F</td> <td>E2S</td> </tr> <tr> <td>E2F</td> <td>E2S</td> </tr> </tbody> </table>
What does MIME stand for?
Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
How do you write a simple unordered list in HTML?
<ul> <li> element 1 </li> <li> element 2 </li> </ul>
How can you open and close tags in one tag? Use the HR tag as an example.
<hr />
What tag starts the document?
<html>
What list tag types exist and what do they do?
<ol> = ordered list <ul> = unordered list <li> = list item
Are domain names in the URL case sensitive?
No
Give examples for HTML Entities
£ : ; ° ,
Name some MIME examples
.avi .ogg .css .exe .zip .html .ico
What are the two main rules for defining Entities?
1. They have to start with & 2. They have to end with ;
When was the first version of HTML?
1992
What tag-line at the very top of the page, tells browser what sort of page it is?
<!DOCTYPE html>
Use the correct attribute to define a hyperlink tag.
<a href="http://google.de"> Text </a>
What tag opens the body?
<body>
What are examples of Logical-Elements that incorporate presentation features?
<em> creates emphasis, and is usually displayed as italicised text. Equivalent to <i> (presentation element). <strong> creates strong emphasis, and is usually displayed as bold text. Equivalent to <b> (presentation element). <code> is suitable for giving examples of computer code, and is usually rendered in a mono-spaced font. Equivalent to <tt> (presentation element).
How do you make text font size 10 using an html tag?
<font size="10> text </font>
What tag opens the header?
<header>
What is MIME?
A way of identifying files on the Internet according to their nature and format. For example, using the "Content-type" header value defined in a HTTP response, the browser can open the file with the proper extension/plugin
How do you specify the charset of the document?
After the doctype specification, define a <meta> tag with the attribute charset="". As such: <meta charset="">
Which are we using, XHTML or HTML5?
Both, because HTML5 can be HTML or XHTML. We use XHTML standards for writing HTML5.
Whats the "W3C Validator"?
Checks the markup validity of Web documents via a script.
What does <hr> do?
Creates a dividing line across the page. Use <hr />
What does <a> do?
Creates a hyperlink
What does <p> do?
Defines a paragraph.
What does DTD stand for?
Document Type Definition
What are "Presentational elements"?
Exist to create a specific visual effect, but carry no hint to the text's semantic meaning. This only came to HTML with HTML design functionalities, such as the <font> tag, but these are not very common since CSS takes care of it. The <b> bold tag as another example.
What does XHTML stand for?
Extensible Hypertext Markup Language
What does <br> do?
Gives a line break. Use <br />
How do HTML and SGML relate?
HTML is a DTD of SGML.
What is HTML?
HTML is the standard markup language for creating basic web pages and web applications.
What 4 application layer protocols use URL?
HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, NEWS
What does HTML stand for?
Hypertext Markup Language
Are XHTML tags written in capital or lowercase letters?
Lowercase
What does <b> do?
Make text bold.
What does <i> do?
Makes text italics.
What are "helper applications"?
Many browsers allow settings for file types to be automatically opened with specified application.