Week 1 Quiz part A (Mod 2; Ch 13)
The nurse tests the pH of fluid found on the vaginal exam and determines that the woman's membranes have ruptured based on which result?
6.5
The nurse is analyzing the readout on the EFM and determines the FHR pattern is normal based on which recording?
Acceleration of at least 15 bpm for 15 seconds
The nurse is monitoring a client who just received IV sedation. Which instruction should the nurse prioritize with the client and her partner?
Ambulate only with assistance from the nurse or caregiver.
A client has been in labor for 10 hours and is 6 cm dilated. She has already expressed a desire to use nonpharmacologic pain management techniques. For the past hour, she has been lying in bed with her doula rubbing her back. Now, she has begun to moan loudly, grit her teeth, and bear down with each contraction. She rates her pain as 8 out of 10 with each contraction. What should the nurse do first?
Assess for labor progression.
A woman's perception of pain can differ according to all of the following except:
the presentation, lie, and attitude of the fetus.
In the labor and delivery unit, which is the best way to prevent the spread of infection?
Complete hand hygiene
A woman's husband expresses concern about risk of paralysis from an epidural block being given to his wife. Which would be the most appropriate response by the nurse?
"The injection is given in the space outside the spinal cord."
If the monitor pattern of uteroplacental insufficiency were present, which action would the nurse do first?
Turn her or ask her to turn to her side.
A low-risk client is in the active phase of labor. The nurse evaluates the fetal monitor strip at 10:00 a.m. and notes the following: moderate variability, FHR in the 130s, occasional accelerations, and no decelerations. At what time should the nurse reevaluate the FHR?
10:30 a.m.
A nurse is caring for a client who has had a cesarean birth with general anesthesia. The nurse would assess the woman closely for which possible complication?
uterine atony
Which procedure is contraindicated in an antepartum client with bright red, painless bleeding?
Vaginal examination
A woman in labor who is receiving an opioid for pain relief is to receive promethazine. The nurse determines that this drug is effective when the woman demonstrates which finding?
less anxiety
During labor, progressive fetal descent occurs. Place the stations listed in their proper sequence from first to last. All options must be used.
-4 station -2 station 0 station +2 station +4 station
A client in the first stage of labor is admitted to a health care center. The nurse caring for the client instructs her to rock on a birth ball. The nurse informs her that this causes the release of certain natural substances, which reduces the pain. To which substance is the nurse referring?
endorphins
During the assessment of a woman in labor, the nurse explains that certain landmarks are used to determine the progress of the birth. The nurse identifies which area as one of these landmarks?
ischial spine
The nursing instructor is preparing a class discussing the role of the nurse during the labor and birthing process. Which intervention should the instructor point out has the greatest effect on relieving anxiety for the client?
Continuous labor support
At what time is the laboring client encouraged to push?
When the cervix is fully dilated
If a fetus were not receiving enough oxygen during labor because of uteroplacental insufficiency, which pattern would the nurse anticipate seeing on the monitor?
fetal heart rate declining late with contractions and remaining depressed
As a woman enters the second stage of labor, which would the nurse expect to assess?
feelings of being frightened by the change in contractions
A client has just received combined spinal epidural. Which nursing assessment should be performed first?
Assess vital signs.
Which assessment finding is most important as labor progresses?
The uterus relaxes completely between contractions.
The nurse is monitoring a client's uterine contractions. Which factors should the nurse assess to monitor uterine contraction? Select all that apply.
uterine resting tone frequency of contractions intensity of contractions
A client is scheduled for a cesarean section under spinal anesthesia. After instruction is given by the anesthesiologist, the nurse determines the client has understood the instructions when the client states:
"I may end up with a severe headache from the spinal anesthesia."
A woman states that she does not want any medication for pain relief during labor. Her primary care provider has approved this for her. What the nurse's best response to her concerning this choice?
"I respect your preference, whether it is to have medication or not."
A labor nurse is caring for a client who is 7 cm dilated, 100% effaced, at a +1 station, and has a face presentation on examination. The nurse knows that teaching was understood when the birth partner makes which statement?
"Our baby will come out face first."
The nurse is monitoring the client's vital signs and notes: 100.2oF (37.9oC), heart rate 82, respiratory rate 17, and blood pressure 124/78. The client has recently had an epidural. What is the best response when the client's partner asks if she is getting sick?
"The fever may be due to the epidural."
When a client is counseled about the advantages of epidural anesthesia, which statement made by the counselor would indicate the need for further teaching?
"You have no trouble walking around and using the bathroom after you receive the epidural."
The registered nurse has identified that the client's labor progress has slowed. Which nursing intervention, done by the LPN, is completed first?
Assess if the bladder is distended
A client arrives at the clinic in labor. The nurse assesses a bulging perineum and prepares for the birth. Place the nurse's actions in sequence. All options must be used.
Call for assistance Put on gloves Support perineum with one hand Deliver the head Palpate for a nuchal cord Use bulb to suction mouth and nose
The nurse is monitoring a laboring client with continuous fetal monitoring and notes a decrease in FHR with variable deceleration to 75 bpm. Which intervention should the nurse prioritize?
Change the position of the client.
The nurse is assessing a client in active labor and notes a small, rounded mass above the symphysis pubis that is distended but nontender. Which action should the nurse prioritize?
Check the chart for the last void.
The nurse is admitting a client who is in labor who reports her husband and doula will be arriving shortly. Which action should the nurse prioritize in response?
Continue with the admission assessment
The nurse is monitoring a client who is in the second stage of labor, at +2 station, and anticipating birth within the hour. The client is now reporting the epidural has stopped working and is begging for something for pain. Which action should the nurse prioritize?
Encourage her through the contractions, explaining why she cannot receive any pain medication.
A client presents to the birthing center in labor. The client's membranes have just ruptured. Which assessment is the nurse's priority?
FHR
The nurse is admitting a client in early labor and notes: FHR 120 bpm, blood pressure 126/84 mm Hg, temperature 98.8°F (37.1°C), contractions every 4 to 5 minutes lasting 30 seconds, and greenish-color fluid in the vaginal vault. Which finding should the nurse prioritize?
Green-colored fluid in the vagina
The nurse is assisting a client through labor, monitoring her closely now that she has received an epidural. Which finding should the nurse prioritize to the anesthesiologist?
Inability to push
A multigravida client admitted in active labor has progressed well and the client and fetus have remained in good condition. Which action should the nurse prioritize if the client suddenly shouts out, "The baby is coming!"?
Inspect the perineum.
Which nursing intervention offered in labor would probably be the most effective in applying the gate control theory for relief of labor pain?
Massage the woman's back.
The nurse is preparing an educational event for pregnant women on the topic of labor pain and birth. The nurse understands the need to include the origin of labor pain for each stage of labor. What information will the nurse present for the first stage of labor?
Pain originates from the cervix and lower uterine segment.
A multigravida woman arrives in the emergency department panting and screaming, "The baby's coming!" Which action should the nurse prioritize?
Quickly evaluate the perineum.
The postpartum nurse is providing care for a client who has just given birth and had epidural anesthesia. Her vital signs are stable, her pain is a 3 on a scale of 0 to 10, and she states that she is tired. The feeling in the client's legs has returned, but she cannot lift her knees, and she has not been out of the bed. What is the most appropriate nursing diagnosis to include in the plan of care at this time?
Risk for Injury
The nurse is caring for four clients in labor. Which client would the nurse anticipate having continuous internal electronic fetal monitoring?
The client who is very restless and is moving around in the bed
The nurse instructs the client about skin massage and the gate control theory of pain. Which statement would be appropriate for the nurse to include for client understanding of the nonpharmacologic pain relief methods?
These methods are a technique to prevent the painful stimuli from entering the brain.
The nursing instructor is teaching the students the basics of the labor and delivery process. The instructor determines the session is successful when the students correctly choose which action will best help to prevent infections in their clients?
Thoroughly wash the hands before and after client contact.
A nurse is preparing a client for rhythm strip testing. She places the woman into a semi-Fowler position. What is the appropriate rationale for this measure?
To prevent supine hypotension syndrome
A nurse caring for a pregnant client in labor observes that the fetal heart rate (FHR) is below 110 beats per minute. Which interventions should the nurse perform? Select all that apply.
Turn the client on her left side. Administer oxygen by mask. Assess client for underlying causes.
The nurse explains Leopold maneuvers to a pregnant client. For which purposes are these maneuvers performed? Select all that apply.
determining the presentation of the fetus determining the position of the fetus determining the lie of the fetus
The nurse is assessing the laboring client to determine fetal oxygenation status. What indirect assessment method will the nurse likely use?
external electronic fetal monitoring
The student nurse is preparing to assess the fetal heart rate (FHR) and has determined that the fetal back is located toward the client's left side, the small parts toward the right side, and there is a vertex (occiput) presentation. The nurse should initially begin auscultation of the fetal heart rate in the mother's:
left lower quadrant.
When assessing fetal heart rate patterns, which finding would alert the nurse to a possible problem?
prolonged decelerations
The injection of a local anesthetic to block specific nerve pathways is referred to as:
pudendal block.
The nurse is assessing the external fetal monitor and notes the following: FHR of 175 bpm, decrease in variability, and late decelerations. Which action should the nurse prioritize at this time?
Have the client change position.
A client is in active labor. Checking the EFM tracing, the nurse notes variables that are abnormal. What would be the nurse's first nursing intervention?
Help the woman change positions.
The nurse is monitoring the electronic fetal heart rate monitor and notes the following: variable V-shaped decelerations in the fetal heart rate (FH)R lasting about 30 seconds, accelerations of about 5 beats/min before and after each deceleration, no overshoot, and baseline FHR within normal limits. Which response should the nurse prioritize?
Help the woman change positions.
As a woman enters the second stage of labor, her membranes spontaneously rupture. When this occurs, what would the nurse do next?
Assess fetal heart rate for fetal safety.
The nurse is reviewing the medication administration record (MAR) of a client at 39 weeks' gestation and notes that she is ordered an opioid for pain relief. Which is an assessment priority after administering?
Assess fetal heart rate.
The nurse will be performing the Leopold maneuver to determine the position of the fetus. List in order the steps that the nurse would take. All options must be used.
Determine presentation. Determine position. Confirm presentation. Determine attitude.
Which nursing interventions align with the outcome of preventing maternal and fetal injury in the latent phase of the first stage of labor? Select all that apply.
Monitor maternal and fetal vital statistics every hour. Report an elevated temperature over 38℃ (100.4℉). Answer questions and encourage verbalization of fears.
The laboring client who is at 3 cm dilation (dilatation) and 25% effaced is asking for a narcotic for pain relief. The nurse explains this usually is not administered prior to the establishment of the active phase. What is the appropriate rationale for this practice?
This may prolong labor and increase complications.
A 19-year-old woman presents to the emergency department in the late stages of active labor. Assessment reveals she received no prenatal care. As part of her examination, a rapid HIV screen indicates she is HIV positive. To reduce the perinatal transmission to her infant, which intravenous medication would the nurse anticipate administering?
antiretroviral
A woman is lightly stroking her abdomen in rhythm with her breathing during contractions. The nurse identifies this technique as:
effleurage.
A woman is in the fourth stage of labor. During the first hour of this stage, the nurse would assess the woman's fundus at which frequency?
every 15 minutes
At which time interval will the nurse assess the fetal heart rate of pregnant clients who are in the early active phase of labor?
every 15 to 30 minutes
A client who requested "no drugs" in labor asks the nurse what other options are available for pain relief. The nurse reviews several options for nonpharmacologic pain relief, and the client thinks effleurage may help her manage the pain. This indicates that the nurse will:
instruct the client or her partner to perform light fingertip repetitive abdominal massage.
A nurse is required to obtain the fetal heart rate (FHR) for a pregnant client. If the presentation is cephalic, which maternal site should the nurse monitor to hear the FHR clearly?
lower quadrant of the maternal abdomen
