Week 8 Review Questions
What is the proper dilution of chlorhexidine solution for use in the mouth? - 20% - 2.0% - 0.2% - 10%
0.2%
The range for acceptable gingival sulcus measurements in cats is: - 1-3mm - 0.5-1mm - 1.5-4.5mm - 0.005-0.007mm
0.5-1 mm
Which of the following mm increments do periodontal probes with Williams markings have? - 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 - 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10 - 3, 6, 8 - 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10
Using the modified Triadan system, the right maxillary teeth would be in the ___ series. - 100 - 200 - 300 - 400
100
How many incisors are present in the adult equine patient? - 6 - 12 - 24 - 36
12
Which of the following correctly describes the adult feline dental formula? - 2 x {I 2/1:C 0/0:P 3/2:M 3/3} - 2 x {I 3/3:C 1/1:P 4/4:M 2/3} - 2 x {I 3/3:C 1/1:P 3/2:M 1/1} - 2 x {I 3/3:C 1/1:P 3/3}
2 x {I 3/3:C 1/1:P 3/2:M 1/1}
The correct dental formula for an adult dog is: - 2(l 3/3 C 1/1 P 3/4 M 3/3) = 42 - 2(l 3/3 C 1/1 P 4/4 M 3/2) = 42 -2(l 3/3 C 1/1 P 4/4 M 2/3) = 42 -2(l 4/4 C 1/1 P 3/4 M 3/3) = 46
2(l 3/3 C 1/1 P 4/4 M 2/3) = 42
Using the Triadan system, the proper way to describe a dog's first maxillary left permanent premolar is: - 205 - 105 - 502 - 306
205
How many deciduous teeth do horses have? - 20 - 24 - 36 - 44
24
The normal sulcus depth in the dog is: - 3mm - 7mm - 10mm - 8 mm
3mm
When taking radiographs of the canine tooth in a large breed dog, what size of dental film should be used to ensure that the whole tooth is included? - 0 - 2 - 4 - 8 X 10 screen film
4
At what age do the permanent canine and premolar teeth in dogs generally erupt? - 3-5 months - 4-6 months - 5-7 months - 6-8 months
4-6 months
When brushing a pet-patient's teeth, which angle should the brush be held at? - 20 degree angle - 35 degree angle - 45 degree angle - 65 degree angle
45-degree angle
The carnassial teeth in dogs are: - 4P4 and 1M1 - 4P4 and 4P4 - 1M1 and 1M1 - 1C1 and 1C1
4P4 and 1M1
At what age do premolars erupt in foals? - Foals are born with teeth - 5-7 days after birth - 3-4 weeks after birth - 3-4 months after birth
5-7 days after birth
What is the minimum age for a cat to have all of its permanent teeth? - 6 months - 8 months - 10 months - 1 year
6 months
Which of the following patients would benefit from prophylactic antibiotics? - A 1-year-old Yorkshire Terrier with stage 2 periodontal disease v - A 10-year-old King Charles Spaniel with cardiomyopathy - A 5-year-old gelding - All of the listed patients would benefit from prophylactic antibiotics
A 10-year-old King Charles Spaniel with cardiomyopathy
Which of the following statements regarding teeth polishing is false? - Scaling, even when performed correctly, will cause minor scratches of the tooth - A rough surface will impede plaque retention - Polishing smooths the roughness and helps remove any remaining plaque and stained pellicle - Polishing is performed by applying a mildly abrasive prophylaxis paste to the tooth surface with a prophylaxis cup mounted in a slowly rotating low-speed handpiece
A rough surface will impede plaque retention
The following statements are all true except: - Sulcus depth is measured using a probe - A sulcus depth ≤3 mm is normal in a cat - A sulcus depth >3 mm indicates periodontal disease - The probe is inserted gently into the gingival sulcus parallel to the root of the tooth
A sulcus depth ≤3 mm is normal in a cat
An oronasal fistula can often occur secondary to: - Abscess of the mandibular canine tooth - Incisor root abscess - Abscess of the maxillary canine tooth - Retained deciduous incisors
Abscess of the maxillary canine tooth
When conducting a tooth-by tooth evaluation with dental radiographs, when is the client given the total estimate for care? - On the telephone when the appointment is made - In the examination room - When the animal is picked up after treatment - After the evaluation is completed while the patient is still anesthetized
After the evaluation is completed while the patient is still anesthetized
Which of the following safety items should be used when operating motorized dental instruments on the equine patient? - Protective eyewear - Air filter mask - Ear protection - All of the above
All of the above
Which of the following systemic factors may affect enamel development? - Nutritional deficiency - Febrile disorders - Hypocalcemia - All of the above
All of the above
In patients with severe, chronic periodontal disease, medication can be administered before a dental cleaning is performed. What is the most common type of medication chosen for these animals? -Corticosteroids - Antimicrobials - Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories - Immunostimulants
Antimicrobials
Nerves and blood vessels enter the tooth through the: - Apical delta - Crown - Pulp - Sulcus
Apical delta
Where do tooth resorption lesions first appear clinically in the cat? - On the cementum - On the alveolar mucosa - At the cementoenamel junction - At the tip of the crown
At the cementoenamel junction
The flap side of the dental film should face: - Any direction, because it does not matter - Toward the tube head - Away from the tube head - The caudal side of the animal
Away from the tube head
Chlorhexidine contributes to dental prophylaxis by: - Preventing plaque from mineralizing into calculus - Bonding to the cell membraneand inhibiting bacterial growth - Bleaching stained teeth - Decreasing tooth sensitivity
Bonding to the cell membrane and inhibiting bacterial growth
The term that best describes a dog with an abnormally short mandible is: - Prognathism - Brachygnathism - Mesaticephalic - Dolichocephalic
Brachygnathism
What term identifies the tooth surface facing the cheeks? - Apical - Rostral - Furcation - Buccal
Buccal
The heaviest calculus deposition in dogs and cats is typically located on the: - Lingual surfaces of the lower cheek teeth - Lower canine teeth - Incisor teeth - Buccal surfaces of the upper cheek teeth
Buccal surfaces of the upper cheek teeth
What breed is prone to lip fold dermatitis? - Bulldogs - Chihuahuas - Labradors - Miniature pinschers
Bulldogs
Abbreviations are commonly used in veterinary practice, and some abbreviations are exclusive to dental terminology. Which abbreviation best aligns with the complicated crown fracture? - CCF - UCF - UCRF - CCRF
CCF
What term identifies the hard, mineralized substance on the tooth surface? - Plaque - Attrition - Calculus - Abrasion
Calculus
Dentin is covered by: - Enamel and bone - Bone and pulp - Cementum and enamel - Pulp and cementum
Cementum and enamel
The occlusal surface is defined as the: - Surface facing the hard palate - Surface nearer the cheek - Chewing surface of the tooth - Surface nearer the tongue
Chewing surface of the tooth
Which of the following options are best suited for rinsing a mouth before a dental prophy? - 10% dilute betadine solution - Chlorhexidine gluconate - 50% dilute ampicillin solution - There is no need to rinse a mouth before a prophylaxis, but rinsing should be done after the procedure is completed
Chlorhexidine gluconate
Which of the following statements about canine toy breeds is true? - Chronic impaction of incisor teeth with hair and debris often results in a chronic osteomyelitis - Malocclusions are rare in toy breeds in comparison with giant-breed dogs - Enamel hypoplasia is a common finding in toy breeds - Prognathism is considered a genetic defect in brachycephalic breeds
Chronic impaction of incisor teeth with hair and debris often results in a chronic osteomyelitis
Malocclusions in which the mandibular is rostral to the maxilla is termed: - Class 3 mandibular mesioclusions - Class 2 Class 3 mandibular distoclusions - Class 1 neutroclusions - Dental malocclusion
Class 3 mandibular mesioclusions
What inheritable oral condition, causing a noneoplastic bone formation, is primarily seen in West Highland white terriers? - Mandibular periostitis ossificans - Cranial mandibular osteodrystrophy - Odontoma - Osteomyelitis
Cranial mandibular osteodystrophy
Pocket depth is measured from the: - Cementoenamel junction to the bottom of the pocket - Current free gingival margin to the bottom of the gingival sulcus - Cementoenamel junction to the current free gingival margin and then adding 1-2 mm - Cementoenamel junction to the apical extent of the defect
Current free gingival margin to the bottom of the gingival sulcus
Periodontal disease is the result of the inflammatory process to: - Dental plaque - Systemic bacteria - Systemic lupus - Chronic stomatitis
Dental plaque
The bulk of a tooth is composed of: - Enamel - pulp - Dentin - Cementum
Dentin
The periodontium includes the periodontal ligament and all of the following except: - Gingiva - Cementum - Alveolar bone - Enamel
Enamel
A dog exposed to distemper as a puppy may develop which of the following oral conditions? - Adontia - Polydontia - Enamel hypoplasia - Enamel staining
Enamel hypoplasia
While performing a routine prophylactic dentistry, the veterinary technician notes a large, red raised lesion on the lip of her feline patient. The client noted that the lesion "comes and goes." What is a reasonable differential for this lesion? - Feline resorptive lesion - Trauma-related lesion - Eosinophilic ulcer - Tumor
Eosinophilic ulcer
The most common benign soft-tissue tumor of the oral cavity is a/an: - Epulis - Fibrosarcoma - Malignant melanoma - Squamous cell carcinoma
Epulis
What is the most common clinical sign of feline stomatitis? - Fractured crowns and/or granulation tissue at the cementoenamel junction - Thickening or bulging of the alveolar bone of the maxillary canine teeth - Erythematous, ulcerative, proliferative lesions affecting the gingiva, glossopalatine arches, tongue, lips, buccal mucosa, and/or hard palate - Granular, orange-colored ulcerations found on the upper lips adjacent to the philtrum
Erythematous, ulcerative, proliferative lesions affecting the gingiva, glossopalatine arches, tongue, lips, buccal mucosa, and/or hard palate
Feline cervical line lesions/feline neck lesions/feline resorptive lesions are of great concern to veterinarians. Which of the following statements regarding these lesions is false? - Feline resorptive lesions are aggressive dental caries that result in resorption of roots and subsequent tooth loss - Feline resorptive lesions often present with a raspberry seed-type sign at the base of the tooth where it meets the gingival margin - Feline resorptive lesions are effectively managed with steroid administration - It is common to find more than one feline cervical line lesion in the oral cavity
Feline resorptive lesions are effectively managed with steroid administration
The most common dental procedure performed on a horse is - Quidding - Curettage - Scaling - Floating
Floating
The free or marginal gingiva: - Occupies the space between the teeth - Is the most apical portion of the gingiva - Forms the gingival sulcus around the tooth - Is tightly bound to the cementum
Forms the gingival sulcus around the tooth
All of the following instruments may be used to remove deciduous cheek tooth remnants, except: - Forceps - Elevators - Gelpi retractors - Dental picks
Gelpi retractors
The term for a tooth that has one root but two crowns is: - Gemini - Fusion - Polydontia - Oligodontia
Gemini
Excessive growth of gingival tissue is termed: - Gingivitis - Gingivial hyperplasia - Gingival recession - Gingivectomy
Gingival hyperplasia
The shrinkage of free gingiva in the presence of bacteria, plaque, and/or dental calculus is termed: - Gingival hyperplasia - Periodontitis - Gingivectomy - Gingival recession
Gingival recession
In veterinary dentistry, chlorhexidine solutions are used because they: - Prevent cementoenamel erosion - Have antibacterial properties - Remove enamel stains and whiten teeth - Are used to treat gingival hyperplasia in brachycephalic breeds
Have antibacterial properties
Topical fluoride: - Will stain the remaining calculus red - Helps to desensitize teeth and to strengthen enamel against cariogenic bacteria that cause cavities - Should never be used on feline teeth - Enhances odontoclastic activity and helps desensitize teeth
Helps to desensitize teeth and to strengthen enamel against cariogenic bacteria that cause cavities
When grading tooth mobility, which of the following corresponds to Grade 1? - No mobility - Horizontal movement <1 mm - Horizontal movement >1 mm - Vertical and horizontal movement
Horizontal movement <1 mm
Mrs. Walker comes to pick up her dog after dental cleaning has been performed. Which of the following topics would be least helpful to discuss as a part of the discharge instructions? - Postoperative complications - Home care - How to give injections - Dietary concerns
How to give injections
The bisecting angle principle states that the plane of an x-ray beam should be 90 degrees to the: - Long axis of the tooth - Plane of the film - Imaginary line that bisects the angle formed by the tooth's long axis and the film plane - maginary line that bisects the angle formed by the animal's head and the film plane
Imaginary line that bisects the angle formed by the tooth's long axis and the film plane
Which teeth are the most appropriate for determining the age of horses? - Incisors - Wolf teeth - Premolars - Molars
Incisors
Applying fluoride and rinsing with diluted chlorhexidine at the same time - Is less effective, because the binding of one product may inactivate the other - Results in temporary staining of the teeth - Enhances the activity of both fluoride and chlorhexidine - May be toxic to the patient
Is less effective, because the binding of one product may inactivate the other
Which of the following statements regarding enamel is true? - Contains living tissue - Covers the tooth crown and root - Continues production by the ameloblasts after eruption - Is relatively nonporous and impervious
Is relatively nonporous and impervious
The surface of the tooth toward the tongue is: - Lingual - labial - Buccal - mesial
Lingual
Canine teeth are always present in which of the following patients? - Donkeys - Female horses - Male horses - All of the above
Male horses
Which nerve block will anesthetize all the maxillary teeth on the injected side? - Infraorbital - Middle mental - Maxillary - Mandibular
Maxillary
From birth to 9 months of age, what condition is not present in the oral cavity? - Occurence of oral masses - Missing teeth - Extra teeth - Abnormal jaw length
Occurrence of oral masses
Which cells are responsible for destroying the hard surfaces of the root? - Macrocytes - Osteoclasts - Chrondrocytes - Odontoclasts
Odontoclasts
Fewer teeth than normal is known as: - Polydontia - Oligodontia - Fusion - Wry mouth
Oligodontia
All of the following are common soft-tissue neoplasms seen in horses, except: - Squamous cell carcinoma - Sarcoid - Ossifying fibroma - Osteoma
Ossifying fibroma
Parrot mouth in foals is also known as an: - Underbite - Overbite - Overjet - Underjet
Overbite
Dry socket is more likely to occur when one: - Ensures there is an increased blood supply to the area - Practices good surgical technique - Allows a blood clot to form so that fibroblasts are formed - Overirrigates the tooth socket so that no clot can form
Overirrigates the tooth socket so that no clot can form
The dental formula for the permanent teeth in the dog is 2 (I 3/3 and C 1/1), in addition to: - P 3/4 and M 3/2 = 40 - P 3/4 and M 3/3 = 42 - P 4/4 and M 2/3 = 42 - P 4/4 and M 3/2 = 42
P 4/4 and M 2/3 = 42
The only radiographic view that can be made with a true parallel technique is: - Rostral maxillary - Parallel mandibular view - Rostral mandibular view - Parallel oblique view
Parallel mandibular view
Malocclusions can lead to dental disease for all of the following reasons except: - Soft-tissue trauma from teeth that are abnormally positioned - Accelerated development of periodontal disease resulting from the lack of normal wear and the normal flushing of teeth with saliva - Abnormal wear of teeth resulting from malposition leading to fracture and pulp exposure - Presence of resorptive lesions leading to the destruction of teeth
Presence of resorptive lesions leading to the destruction of teeth
The primary difference between primary and permanent teeth is: - There is no difference in size between primary and permanent teeth - Primary teeth are smaller than permanent teeth, with short, stubby roots - Primary teeth are larger than permanent teeth, with long slender roots - Primary teeth are smaller than permanent teeth, with long, slender roots
Primary teeth are smaller than permanent teeth, with long, slender roots
The instrument used to measure pocket depth is a periodontal _________________. - Explorer - Scaler - Curette - Probe
Probe
What is the purpose of a dentifrice when used in the dog and cat? - Removes subgingival calculus - Removes microetchants caused by scaling the teeth - Removes supragingival calculus - Provides a pleasant taste and improves the effectiveness of brushing
Provides a pleasant taste and improves the effectiveness of brushing
When scaling a tooth that has a large amount of calculus, the process should occur in which order? - Remove gross dental deposits with ronguers or extraction forceps; remove residual supragingival deposits with hand instruments; use power scaler to remove remaining deposits - Remove residual supragingival deposits with hand instruments; use power scaler to remove deposits; remove gross dental deposits with ronguers or extraction forceps - Use power scaler to remove calculus buildup and deposits; remove gross dental deposits with ronguers or extraction forceps; remove residual supragingival deposits with hand instruments - A three-step process is not needed, and a power scale will remove all calculi
Remove gross dental deposits with ronguers or extraction forceps; remove residual supragingival deposits with hand instruments; use power scaler to remove remaining deposits
A malocclusion, in which one or more of the upper incisor teeth are caudal to the lower incisors, is known as: - Posterior crossbite - Base-narrow mandibular canines - Wry mouth - Rostral crossbite
Rostral crossbite
Which dental radiographic projection images 301-304 and 401-404? - Rostral maxillary - Parallel mandibular view - Rostral mandibular view - Lateral oblique view
Rostral mandibular view
A curette is used to: - Check the tooth's surface for any irregularities - Measure the depth of gingival recession - Scale large amounts of calculus from the tooth's surface - Scale calculus from the tooth surface located in the gingival sulcus
Scale calculus from the tooth surface located in the gingival sulcus
What breed would be associated with a dolichocephalic head shape? - German shepherd - Seal point Siamese - Persian - Corgi
Seal point Siamese
Fractured deciduous teeth: - Should be left in place until they are normally shed - Should be repaired - Are insignficant - Should be extracted
Should be extracted
Which of the following instruments should be used to reduce the crown of sharp canine teeth? - Nippers - Cutters - Small files - Elevators
Small files
The purpose of polishing during the dental prophy is to: - Massage the gums - Smooth out the rough areas and retard plauque formation - Apply fluoride - Disinfect the surface of the tooth
Smooth out the rough areas and retard plaque formation
What stage of periodontal disease shows no change to the alveolar height, but includes mild gingival inflammation? - Stage I - Stage II - Stage III - Stage IV
Stage I
All of the following are complications that may result from extraction, except: - Hemorrhage - Jaw fractue - Stomatitis - Oronasal fistula
Stomatitis
The term polydontia refers to: - Retained deciduous teeth - Supernumerary teeth - Supernumerary teeth and retained deciduous teeth - Tooth loss as a result of periodontal disease
Supernumerary teeth
In horses, the term coronal refers to which portion of the tooth? - The area of the tooth farthest away from the occlusal surface - The area closet to the tongue - The crown - The tooth closest to the incisors
The crown
Which of the following statements is false regarding patient safety during dentistry? - Provide thermal support to the patient during the dental procedure as hypothermia can result, especially in cats and smaller dogs - The endotracheal tube should be uncuffed so that the tube can be easily manipulated when performing dentistry - Large-breed dogs should be rolled with their legs under to prevent a gastric dilatation and volvulus crisis - One must monitor the patient to ensure that fluids and debris from the dentistry do not gain access to the trachea
The endotracheal tube should be uncuffed so that the tube can be easily manipulated when performing dentistry
Which of the following statements is true about ultrasonic scaling? - Ultrasonic scaling is the only method to clean a tooth surface fully - Ultrasonic scaling causes thermal damage to the tooth if the tip is kept on a tooth for < 5 seconds - The ultrasonic scaler works by spraying the tooth with water to wash the tooth clean - The purpose of the water spray on an ultrasonic scaler is to cool the tip of the instrument and cool the tooth to prevent pulp damage
The purpose of the water spray on an ultrasonic scaler is to cool the tip of the instrument and cool the tooth to prevent pulp damage
The furcation is best described as: - The area between the cementum and the enamel - The space between two roots where they meet the crown - The space between the root and the alveolar bone - The space between two teeth
The space between two roots where they meet the crown
Which of the following statements is false when performing an ultrasonic scaling during routine dental prophylaxis? - The ultrasonic scaler should not be on the tooth for longer than 10-15 seconds at a time to prevent thermal damage to the pulp cavity - The ultrasonic scaler should be grasped like a pencil - The side of the instrument should be used against the tooth rather than the tip - The ultrasonic scaler can be used for supragingival scaling only
The ultrasonic scaler can be used for supragingival scaling only
An owner's goal when providing oral home care is: - Suprascaling - To remove or reduce the accumulation of plaque - Subgingivsal lavage - All of the above
To remove or reduce the accumulation of plaque
Which of the following is the single most effective means of removing plaque? - Tooth brushing - Toothpaste - Dental diets - All of the above
Tooth brushing
Dental film should be placed in the mouth with the dimple facing: - Up and pointing rostrally - Up and pointing caudally - Down and pointing rostrally - Down and pointing caudally
Up and pointing rostrally
The maxillary carnassial tooth in the cat is also known as the: - Upper first premolar - Upper first molar - Upper last premolar - Upper canine
Upper last premolar
When using hand instruments to clean teeth, - Use a modified pen grasp with a back-and-forth scraping motion. - Use a modified pen grasp with overlapping pull strokes that are directed away from the gingival margin. - Use the sickle scaler for subgingival curettage. - The curette is best used supragingivally.
Use a modified pen grasp with overlapping pull strokes that are directed away from the gingival margin.
A malocclusion, where one side of the mandible or maxilla is disproportionate to its other side, is known as: - Posterior crossbite - Base-narrow mandibular canines - Wry mouth - Rostral crossbite
Wry mouth
