West Civ 2
Edmund Burke, the reflections on the french revolution, 1789
"the country genleman, therefore, the officer by sea and land, the men of liberal view and habits, attached to no profession, will be as completely excluded form the government of his country as if he were legislatlely proscribed" ~country gentleman
Diamond Necklace Affair
(Cultural crisis in old regime)
Fiscal Crisis of the French State
(The bankruptcy of absolutism)
Bastille Day
(The political dimensions of the agrarian cycle)
Nobles' Revolt
(The social contradiction between order & class)
political and economic
2 parts of classical liberalism
liquid capital > fixed capital and social conditions for growth
2 parts of monied interest of the sociology of the French Revolution.
country gentleman and country curate
2 parts of the sociology of the ancient constitution of Burke
social problem, social catholicism
2 point that Leo XIII stressed in rarum novarum
culture of ideas and politics
2 things marx's says that does not apply to his ideas of communism. they have NO reality and it is exploitation and oppression
1793
2nd french revolution year?
christian recollectivization, state, associations
3 parts of social catholicism in rarum novarum
1799
3rd revolution year? Napoleon bonaparte comes to power
Rhineland, UB, labor vs. capital, Revolution of 1848
4 parts of most importance to K Marx life?
Natural Rights of the Individual, Rule of Law, Popular Sovereignty, Negative Conception of Liberty
4 parts to the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen (August 26, 1789) and the parts of the first french revolution
Heisenberg 1970
Copenhagen school, ideas of the formation of atoms and electrons, electrons exist in PROBABILITY (indeterminacy), not exactness (ALSO disagrees with positivism)
Political rights
Degrees of equality making the law, right to vite and right to hold office
15 August 1785
Diamond Necklace Affair
second republic
Goes to Radical asperiations in 1848, goes back to the asperation of 1793
tocqueville, on the revolution in 1848
I come to the Revolution of 1848.... distinguish them and did not aim to change the form of government but change the form of society... class against class" ~changed the problem of political to economic modernity"
social problem
Leo XIII in Rarum Novarum 1891 thought there was a ___________ a moral gap in capitalism (not concerned with materialism, concerned that there is a individual agency and a behavior and attitudinal problem)
inclusive
Leo XIII understanding of private property, which comes from Aristotle (held in private but used for the common good)
1848
Marx and F Engels Conifest manifesto year published
association
Marx communism only works for what principle? ONLY if Marx's anthropology works
ideology
NOT a part of commuism for marx that is a culture of ideas
25 September 1788
Nobel's revolt
progress
Rational autonomy
Positive conception of liberty
Refers to citizenly participation in governement for the sake of virtue
Negative conception of liberty
Refers to freedom of the individual from tbe government
old liberalism, liberal feminism, new liberalism
The evolution of liberalism, what was the effect and its process
prejudice
The name of sociology of the ancient constitution
political romanticism
When you think of Burke you should think of? ~philosophical conservatism
UB
Where K. Marx received Hegelian philosophy, which was dialectical (general Processies that have a general movement for example Christianity) He became a dialetical idealist
Natural Rights of the Individual
a. Equality before the law, art. 6 b. Equality of taxation, art. 13 c. Equality of opportunity, art. 1, art. 6
Negative Conception of Liberty
a. Freedom of expression, art. 10, 11 b. A modern conception of property, art. 17
1793 Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen
a. Political equality (art. 5, 20, 29) b. Social equality (art. 21-23) (Robespierre)
Popular Sovereignty
a. Representative government, art. 14 b. Legislative "power of the purse," art. 14 c. Accountability of ministers, art. 15 d. Separation of powers, art. 16
Liberalsim
big movement in 1830-1848, goes back to the asperations of 1789
second empire of Napoleon III
big movement that occured in 1852 and onward
restoration
big movement that occurred form 1875-1830
social catholicism
christian recollectivization (due to the secularization in the 19th c.) ~this is a long term strategy for solving the moral gap in in capitalism the state- middle term strategy for solving the moral gap in capitalism associations- deals with moral character and is a short term strategy for solving the moral gap in capitalism
Gödel, arithmetic theorum, 1933
coherent systems of axiums, INCOMPLETENESS theorum. (not a closed system)
historical
common law of ancient constitutionalism found as
over production
communism will be more stable governments because of the crisis of ______________
project of modernity
epistemology, account of nature and world view what do all of these equal? in positivism
L. Feuerbach
first you have reality then it grows to the idea which then extends to the another reality. (that Labor creates Capital which makes more Labor) who thought of this?
common law, habit, great mysterious incorporation, holiness
four parts of ancient consitution according to Burke that is associated with the Rights of Englishmen (Old way of thinking of conservatism)
single frame, moral neutonianism, great democratic revolution, progress
four parts of positivism?
abstract, universal, mechanical (individual), secular
four parts of the Declaration of the Rights of Man (1789) that is associated with the rights of Man (the four changes to ancient constiution of the political romanticism)
fixed capital
government of accountability
liquid capital
government of accountancy
organic (community)
great mysterious incorportation of ancient consitutionalism found as
particular
habit of acient constitutionalism found as
religion
holiness of ancient consitutionalism found as
I1+World+I2
idea and then as an engagement with the world and then this creates another idea from Marx point of view (where capital put labor to work to make more capital)
moral neutonisanism
in postitivism it has 2 parts Betham and Mill's utilitarian morality (measures consequences) and Kant (based on reason)
expoitation and over-production
in the communist manifesto Marx says their is a social problem what is it?
state
middle term strategy for solving the moral gap in capitalism
structural
not intentional but????
economic
not moral but???
rhineland
one of the importnat parts of K. Marx life where he lived that was more industrialized and introduced him to the DUAL REVOLUTION
country gentleman
one part of the sociology of the ancient constitution that has both common law and habit. (judge of the society)
country curate
one part of the sociology of the ancient constitution that has bothe great mysterious incorporation and holy. (clergy of the society)
prudence
part of the sociology of the ancient constitution the is an extention of country gentleman and country curate. third part not prejudice or ancient consitution.
associations
short term strategy for solving the moral gap in capitalism
consumption
source of energy of capitalism is _________?
lawyers and literate
the abstract (man) and universal parts of the sociology of the French Revolution.(speculators)
single frame
the idea of postivisms that is homogeneous and mathematical, goes from natural world to moral world
monied intrest
the mechanical (individual) and seculare separation part of the sociology of the french revolution
Einstein, relativity to simultaneity, 1905
theory of RELATIVITY 1916, not just one frame of reference. disagrees with positivism
christian recollectivization
this is a long term strategy for solving the moral gap in in capitalism
l. Feuerbach
transformative method: idealsim (that man made up the idea of God because we wanted to be better people) who thought of this?
capitalism
undercuts the consumer market
Metternich
was in Congress of Vienna, 1815
Emmeline Pankhurst, "Why We are Militant", 1913
"Our marriage and divorce laws are a disgrace to civilization" ~civil equality, womens ability to be in court (liberal feminism)
Nitezsche, The Genealogy of Morals 1887
"But a constantly more fundamental suspicion of exactly this instinct voiced itself in me, a scepticism whichalways dug deeper! It was precisely here that I saw the great danger to humanity, its most sublime temptation and seduction. But in what direction? To nothingness? It was precisely here I saw the beginning of the end, the standing still, the backward-glancing exhaustion, the will turning itself against life, the final illness tenderly and sadly announcing itself. I understood the morality of pity, which was always seizing more and more around it, even the philosophers which it made sick, as the most sinister symptom of our European culture, which itself had become sinister, as its detour to a new Buddhism? to a European Buddhism? to nihilism? . . ." ~skeptical questioning of nihilism, the critique of ascetic modernism
marx, Revolutions of 1848
"Can you not see that their passions, instead of political, have become social?"
Herbert Spencer, The Man versus the State, 1884
"Every extension of the regulative policy involves an addition to the regulative agents—further growth of officialism and an increasing power of the organization formed of officials.... Every additional State-interference strengthens the tacit assumption that is the duty of the State to deal with all evils and secure all benefits. Increasing power of a growing administrative organization is accompanied by decreasing power of the rest of the society to resist its further growth and control." ~The "Old Liberal" Critique of the New Liberalism
marquis de Laplace, A Philosophical Essay on Probabilities
"Given for one instant an intelligence that could comprehend all the forces by which nature is animated and the respective situation of the bodies that compose it - an intelligence sufficiently vast to submit these data to analysis - it would embrace in the same formula the movements of the greatest bodies of the universe and those of the lightest atom; for it nothing would be uncertain and the future, as the past, would be present to its eyes." ~the way the universe works-- positivism (Nature is one, unified-- transparent and mathematical)
Robespierre levée en masse, 1794
"Henceforth, until the enemies of France have been driven from the territory of the Republic, the French people are in permanent requisition for army service. ... Accordingly, it is authorized to constitute all establishments, manufactories, workshops, and factories deemed necessary ... throughout the entire extent of the Republic.... The levy shall be general."
Samuel Smiles, Self-Help (1859)
"If this view be correct, then it follows that the highest patriotism and philanthropy consist not so much in altering laws and modifying institutions, as in helping and stimulating men to elevate and improve themselves by their own free and independent individual action." ~material and moralism of free liberalism
Samuel Smiles, Self-Help (1859)
"Industry enables men to earn their living; it should also enable them to learn to live." ~material and moralism of free liberalism
LT Hobhouse, liberalsim. 1911
"It is the function of the statate to secure tha conditions ipon which mind and character may develop themselves. Similarly the function of the state is to secure condition upon whhc its citizens are able to win by their own effforts all that is necessary for a full civic efficiency..." ~advocate for social rights (new liberalism)
Benjamin Constant, The Spirit of Conquest and Usurpation and Their Relation to European Civilization (1814)
"The ancients found greater satisfactions in their public existence, and fewer in their private life; consequently, when they sacrificed individual enjoyment to political liberty, they sacrificed less to gain more. Almost all the pleasures of the moderns lie in their private life. The immense majority, always excluded from power, necessarily takes only a very passing interest in their public existence. Consequently, in imitating the ancients, the moderns would sacrifice more to obtain less." ~Ancient versus Modern Liberty (freedom from government)
John Stuart Mill, On Liberty (1859)
"The object of this essay is to assert one very simple principle, as entitled to govern absolutely the dealings of society with the individual.... That principle is that the sole end for which mankind is warranted, individually or collectively, in interfering with the liberty of action of any of their number is self-protection. That the only purpose for which power can be rightfully exercised over any member of a civilized community, against his will, is to prevent harm to others. His own good, either physical or moral, is not a sufficient warrant." ~The Liberal Harm Principle (freedom from government, small government)
John Stuart Mill, The Subjection of Women, 1869
"The principle which regulates the existing social relations between the two sexes is wrong in itself ... and ought to be replaced by a principle of perfect equality, admitting no power or privilege on the one side, nor disability on the other. ~ marriage between 2 rational people's (liberal feminism)
Mary Wollstonecraft, Vindication of the Rights of Woman, 1792
"The sexual distinction which men have so warmly insisted upon is arbitrary....Asserting the right that women in common with men ought to contend for, I have not attempted to [make light of] their faults; but to prove them to be the natural consequence of their education and station in society. If so, it is reasonable to suppose that they will change their character and correct their vices and follies, when they are allowed to be free in a physical, moral, and civil sense." ~liberal feminism
Edmund Burke, the reflections on the french revolution, 1789
"We are generally men of untaught feelings, that, instead of casting away all our olf prejudices.... many of our men of speculations, instead of exploding general prejudices, employ their sagacity to discover the latent wisdom." ~ prejudice can be found as a latent wisdom of enherited instiutions of the country gentleman and country curate
Leo XIII, rarum nova rum, 1891
"We said at the beginning, can avail to destroy the evil at its root, all men should rest persuaded that main thing needful is to re-establish Christian morals, apart from which all the plans and devices of the wisest will prove of little avail" ~re-establishing christian morals
Churchhill, liberalsim and socialism, 1906
"We want ot draw a line below which wwe will not allow persons to live and labor, yet above which may compete with all the strengths.." (new liberalism)
Robespierre, On the Principles of Political Morality, 1794
"We wish in our country that morality may be substituted for egotism, probity for false honour, principles for usages, duties for good manners, the empire of reason for the tyranny of fashion, a contempt of vice for a contempt of misfortune, pride for insolence, magnanimity for vanity, the love of glory for the love of money, good people for good company, merit for intrigue, genius for wit, truth for tinsel show, the attractions of happiness for the ennui of sensuality, the grandeur of man for the littleness of the great, a people magnanimous, powerful, happy, for a people amiable, frivolous and miserable; in a word, all the virtues and miracles of a Republic instead of all the vices and absurdities of a Monarchy." ~FREEDOM FOR GOVERNMENT CLASSICAL CONCEPTION OF LIBERTY
John Stuart Mill, The Subjection of Women, 1869
"Women should be admissible to all ... occupations...and here let me begin ... [with] the suffrage, both parliamentary and municipal." ~ women should have voting rights (liberal feminism)
Edmund Burke, the reflections on the french revolution, 1789
"manners are dependant on a gentleman and the spirit of religion" Pg. 69 ~ relationship between morals and economics
Edmund Burke, the reflections on the french revolution, 1789
"on this scheme of things, a king is but a man, a queen is but a woman; a woman is but an animal and an animal not of the highest order" "we know, and what is better, we feel inwardly, that religion is the basis of civil society and the source of all good and of all comfort" "great mysterious incorporation of the human race" "healthy habit of British constitution" "Ancient constitution of government which is our only security for law and liberty" ~fundamentally conservative movement
14 July 1789
Bastille day (french indapendance day)
exclusive
Capitalisms understanding of private property based on Roman law (Absolute Private Dominion)
Marx, communist manifesto, 1848
Does it require deep intuition to comprehend that man's ideas, views and conceptions, in one word, man's concsciousness, changes with every change in the conditions of his material existence, in his social relations and in his social life? ~ ideology
Civil rights
Equality before the law and equality of opportunity, like assembly, opinion, religion, property
20 August 1786
Fiscal crisis of the French state
1793 Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen, levée en masse and the Terror, The Constitution of 1793: The Republic, A positive conception of liberty & Maximilien Robespierre, "Report on Political Morality," 1794
Three parts of the Radical Revolution (1792-1794) the second french revolution