western civ chapter 5 questions

Which of these was revealed by the formation of the First Triumvirate? The way that private relationships had replaced communal values in Roman politics The impossibility of any one man ruling as large an empire as Rome The growing power of the Senate The resiliency of republican institutions

The way that private relationships had replaced communal values in Roman politics

Which of these was true of Roman women? Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. They were expected to play an important role in shaping their children's values. They could hold minor political offices. They had no influence on Roman politics. They were not allowed to own property.

They were expected to play an important role in shaping their children's values.

What was the main duty of Roman religious officials?

To keep peace with the gods and obtain their aid

Which office was established as a result of the plebeian victory in the Struggle of the Orders?

Tribune

The civil war between the forces of Sulla and Marius was precipitated by

a dispute over the command of the army in the campaign against Mithradates.

Roman expansion in Italy suffered a temporary reversal when

the Gauls invaded Italy and sacked Rome. A devastating sack of Rome in 387 B.C.E. by marauding Gauls (Celts) from beyond the Alps made Romans forever fearful of foreign invasion.

By what date had the Romans managed to conquer or take into their sphere of influence most of Italy?

220 B.C.E.

What was a latifundia?

A huge agricultural estate Taking advantage of the conditions created by the wars of expansion, the rich acquired huge tracks of land that they turned into agricultural estates called latifundia.

Which of these had created an explosive element in Roman politics by the late second century B.C.E.? Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. Many veterans had lived in the city before the wars of expansion, and they wanted to return there. Conditions in the countryside were so bad that many poor people abandoned farming and moved to Rome. The government had promised jobs in Rome to veterans and they could not keep this promise. Large numbers of Gauls settled in Rome, creating ethnic tensions.

Conditions in the countryside were so bad that many poor people abandoned farming and moved to Rome. The government had to feed its poor citizens to avert riots, so Rome needed to import grain. The poor's demand for low-priced (and eventually free) food distributed at state expense became one of the most divisive issues in the late republic.

Why did Rome experience an influx of unemployed veterans in the years following the wars of conquest?

Conditions in the countryside were so bad that many veterans abandoned farming and moved to cities. With no prospects in the countryside, veterans chose to try their luck in the cities. When they arrived, however, they found there were no jobs.

What happened to Julius Caesar?

Conservative senators assassinated him.

Refer to the map Mapping the West: The Roman World at the end of the Republic, 44 B.C.E. to answer the following question. As noted on this map, Julius Caesar won military glory by fighting five battles in Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. Greece. Mesopotamia. Gaul. Anatolia.

Gaul.

What steps did Julius Caesar take to consolidate his power?

He made himself dictator without a term limit.

How did Marius reform the Roman army?

He opened the army to men without property. Previously, only men with property could usually enroll as soldiers. Marius opened the ranks to proletarians, men who had no property and could not afford weapons.

Which of these policies did Caesar enact as sole ruler of Rome? Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. He reduced the number of senators by half. He put a cap on the number of people eligible for subsidized grain. He ordered the execution of all his political enemies. He nullified the citizenship of most people living outside Italy.

He put a cap on the number of people eligible for subsidized grain. As sole ruler, Caesar imposed a moderate cancellation of debts; a cap on the number of people eligible for subsidized grain; a large program of public works, including public libraries; colonies for his veterans in Italy and abroad; plans to rebuild Corinth and Carthage as commercial centers; and citizenship for more non-Romans.

Which of these was true of Roman education? Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. Most children went to public schools. In upper-class families, both boys and girls were educated. Wealthy parents took complete responsibility for educating their children. It emphasized innovation.

In upper-class families, both boys and girls were educated.

Which of these was true of Roman education? Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. It emphasized traditional values. Wealthy parents took complete responsibility for educating their children. Most children went to public schools. It was available only to boys.

It emphasized traditional values. The teaching of such values was a core component of Roman education.

Why was the creation of the Twelve Tables so important to the plebeians?

It guaranteed greater equality and social mobility. and It prevented patrician judges from ruling in law cases only according to their own wishes. Before the laws were formally codified and written down, patrician judges had little in the way of formal constraints on their rulings.

What advantages did Rome's location offer?

It was ideally situated for international trade. and It gave Romans control over a major north-south route.

How did the Third Punic War end?

Rome destroyed Carthage. After winning the war, the Romans heeded the senator Cato's demand: "Carthage must be destroyed!" They obliterated the city and converted its territory into a province.

Refer to the map Roman Expansion, 500-44 b.c.e. to answer the following question. Of the following, which did the Romans conquer first? Greece Gaul Southern Spain Armenia

Southern Spain

What did patrons owe their clients?

Support and protection

Which of these elected the consuls and praetors? Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. The Senate The Centuriate Assembly The Plebeian Assembly The Tribal Assembly

The Centuriate Assembly The Centuriate Assembly, which elected praetors and consuls, was dominated by patricians and rich plebeians.

What caused the social and economic upheaval of the late republican period?

The disruption of Rome's agricultural system and New challenges arising from Roman expansion The wars of conquest created serious problems for the Romans. The wars of the third and second centuries B.C.E. damaged small farmers, creating grave social and economic difficulties for the republic.

Which of these contributed to the outbreak of the Social War? Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. Unrest within the lower ranks of the Roman army The dissatisfaction of Rome's Italian allies with their lack of political rights The death of the dictator Sulla The growing desperation of the Roman poor

The dissatisfaction of Rome's Italian allies with their lack of political rights The Italian allies were expected to pay taxes and serve in the army, but they had no voice in political decisions.

Which of these was a political faction that claimed to support the people? Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. The optimates The populares The latifundia The equites

The populares The populares claimed that they were the champions of the peoples' interests and the enemies of entrenched wealth and power.

How could a Roman woman win respect within the framework of traditional Roman morality?

By bearing legitimate children and educating them morally Roman society was intensely patriarchal.

Which of these Roman writers was most critical of Greek influences?

Cato Cato predicted that if the Romans adopted Greek values, they would lose their power.

Which of these Roman writers developed the doctrine of humanitas?

Cicero

In the early republic, plebeian status was determined by which of these?

Birth Plebeians were all nonaristocratic Roman citizens.

In the early republic, patrician status was determined by which of these?

Birth The patricians were a hereditary aristocracy. Patrician men dominated the affairs of state, provided military leadership in time of war, and monopolized knowledge of law and legal procedure.

What did Crassus and Pompey have in common?

Both began their military careers under Sulla.

Refer to the map Ancient Italy, 500 b.c.e. to answer the following question. Early Romans were sandwiched between what two peoples around 500 B.C.E.? Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. Etruscans and Latium peoples Phoenicians and Gauls Greeks and Phoenicians Gauls and Etruscans

Etruscans and Latium peoples

Roman morality emphasized which of the following? Intelligence Faithfulness Humility Innovation

Faithfulness

Who were the plebeians of the early Roman Republic?

Free citizens of Rome

Which of these Roman gods corresponded to the Greek god Hera?

Juno

Which of these was an outcome of the Social War? Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. The slave population of Italy increased markedly. The Roman republic was made stronger than ever before. Rome revoked the citizenship of most of Italy's free population. Roman armies prevailed over the Italian rebels.

Roman armies prevailed over the Italian rebels.

The patron-client system reflected the

Roman belief that such ties were crucial to the maintenance of social stability.

Refer to the image Aqueduct at Nîmes in France to answer the following question. This image, of an aqueduct in modern-day Nîmes, France, epitomizes the defensive requirements of Roman-occupied Gaul. Roman imperialist expansion. the deification of emperors by Romans. Phoenician influences on Roman architecture.

Roman imperialist expansion. The fact that such a large engineering marvel was built thousands of miles from Rome shows how far Rome expanded by the late first century B.C.E.

What connection is there between the Punic Wars and the Roman conquest of Macedonia and Greece?

The Macedonians had allied with the Carthaginians, and the Romans turned east to counter them. Hannibal's alliance in 215 B.C.E. with the king of Macedonia forced the Romans to fight on a second front in Greece. After the Third Punic War, the Romans sought revenge against the Macedonians. Once Macedonia was defeated, the Romans took steps to gain control of the Greek city-states.

What Mediterranean power founded the city of Carthage as part of their trading empire?

The Phoenicians The city of Carthage was founded by Phoenicians as a trading colony around 800 B.C.E.

Which of these contributed to the outbreak of the Social War? The desire of Italian elites to share in the prosperity enjoyed by Roman elites The growing desperation of the Roman poor Unrest within the lower ranks of the Roman army The death of the dictator Sulla

The desire of Italian elites to share in the prosperity enjoyed by Roman elites

What institution existed both before, during, and after Rome's republican period?

The Senate The senate existed during the early Roman monarchy, the republican period, and the imperial period.

Which of these was created by Rome's early kings? Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. The office of Archon The Ecclesia The office of tribune The Senate

The Senate The senate existed during the early Roman monarchy, the republican period, and the imperial period.

What was one consequence of Roman expansion during the republic?

The city of Rome was flooded with landless poor people.

From which of these groups did the Gracchus brothers draw their strongest support? Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. The landless poor The artisan class The commercial elite The social elite

The landless poor The Gracchus brothers' land reform proposals, along with other measures designed to help the landless poor, won them the support of this group.

Sulla's reorganization of the Roman government was meant to favor which of these groups?

The optimates Sulla reorganized the government to favor the optimates <—> his social class <—> by making senators the only ones allowed to judge cases against their colleagues and forbidding tribunes from sponsoring legislation or holding any other office after their term.

Most plebeians in the early Roman Republic came from what group?

The poor Most plebeians were poor artisans, small farmers, and landless urban dwellers.

Refer to the image Etruscan Tomb of the Leopards to answer the following question.This image, detailing a wall painting from an Etruscan tomb, shows a banquet in honor of a dead person buried in an underground chamber. Two elite men, a nude slave, and an elite woman (in the striped tunic) discuss issues of the day. Of the following traits evidenced here, which would a contemporary Greek elite woman from Athens find disturbing? Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. The consumption of wine The gendered makeup of the gathering The existence of the slave The skin complexion of the female

The skin complexion of the female Like elite women in Greece, Etruscan women valued a light complexion, which demonstrated a woman's lack of outdoor labors.

The Senate's powers included the right to

advise consuls. This power gave the Senate substantial control over the actual running of the state.