Western Civilization Chapter 11
Battle of Crecy
(1346) King Philip raised a large force and met the English army at crecy. (English was led by Edward) Edward invaded Normandy to start this war.
The Jacquerie
(1358) Peasant Revolt in northern France caused by destruction of normal order and economic dislocation; the revolt failed as privileged classes closed ranks. Merchants took the peasants produce and their anger was intensified by growing class tensions.
Florence's Ciompi
(Florence, 1378) a wool workers revolt which won ciompi participation in the government. Occurred because the woolen industry was depressed and wages of the workers declined.
Battle of Agincourt
1415, Current day Azincourt in Northern France- France suffered a disastrous defeat, the French lost 6 thousand men and the English lost three hundred. France was in a civil war when the war was renewed, causing this battle.
Little ice age
Changes in weather patterns-drop in temperature-storms and constant rain. Natural. End of 13th century, Europe
Henry V
English king who renewed the 100 years war in 1415. He defeated Charles VI and reconquered Normandy-also created the Treaty of Troyes. Tension rose when dikes of Burgundy and Orleans competed to control the weak French king.
Giovanni Boccaccio's Decomeron
Fourteenth century writer(Italian) describes the kind of reaction from the plague in Florence. 1351. Written to expose people to what the world during the plague was like.
Joan of Arc
French peasant girl who led France to victory during the 100 years war. She experienced visions instructing her to fight and win the war, making Charles the dauphin become king. Village of Domremy (1412)
Bubonic Plague
Most common and important form of plague during the black death, spread by black rats infested with fleas that are host to a bacterium. 1340s, Europe
Pogroms
Organized massacres against the Jews because of anti-Semitism. The jews were accused of poisoning wells that caused a spreading of the plague. 1351 Worst in Germany. Persecuted in Spain.
Statute of Laborers
The statute passed by English Parliament in 1351 which attempted to limit wages to preplague levels and forbid the mobility of peasants. Passed in response to a labor shortage.
Pneumonic Plague
bacterial infection spread to the lungs causing severe coughing, bloody sputum, and easy spread of the bacillus from humans by coughing. Europe, 1340s
Yersina Pestis
bacterium that was infected inside fleas. 1340s, Europe
Wat Tyler and John Ball
lead a widespread rebellion of both peasants and townspeople. John was a well-to-do peasant and preacher; English peasant revolt, 1381. Caused by rising expectations, occurred in England.
Black Death
most devastating natural disaster in European history, causing economic, social, political, and cultural upheaval. The black Death occurs to potentially thin out people(natural) Mid fourteenth century.
Orleans
the city where Joan of Arc accompanied a French army. The city was soon liberated and the course of war was changed. (1429). City played a big part in the turning point in the war; France
Flagellants
traveled form city to city to win forgiveness of god by wiping themselves or self inflicting pain (cleaning their sins). 1350
Charles the dauphin/VIII
was disinherited by the Treaty of Troyes, but became the French king after Joan of Arc aided the dauphin in war.(1422-1461)
Gunpowder
was invented by the Chinese by the 11th century and created a cannon for the powder by the 13th century, used in the 100 years war, more effective than crossbows and other weapons.
The Longbow
was invented by the Welsh and had a more rapid speed of fire than the crossbow. 1337. Used in the 100 years war.
