What Was Pompeii questions
What is the largest volcano in Europe?
Etna in Sicily
What other town was destroyed by Vesuvius?
Herculaneum
How long before they made a major discovery?
5 years
How deep was the ash and rock?
60 feet; 5 story building
What was found inside one oven?
81 loaves of bread
Where was the heart of Pompeii?
The Forum - oldest part of Pompeii
What did Pompeii feel was their special protector?
Venus
What happened in 1710 that caused the first evidence of Herculaneum turned up?
a farmer digging a well uncovered slabs of marble
How did they cast the bodies?
a hole was drilled in a hollow cavity and plaster was poured inside and waited for it to harden
What are the three kinds of volcanoes?
active, dormant and extinct
What did the spectators do at the gladiatorial fight between Atticus and Rufus?
allowed to decide if Rufus could kill Atticus or let him live
What happened in 1860 to Giuseppe Fiorelli?
appointed Director of Excavations at Pompeii
How many people were killed inside the city?
approximately 2,000
What does holding up the index finger of the left hand mean?
asking for mercy
Why was it dangerous to walk at night?
bad crime problem and no street lights
What was a bulla a symbol of?
born a free man
What are braziers?
bronze heaters
What did Pompeii not have?
cemeteries - law said could not bury in a city
What was discovered in 1763?
city of Pompeii; that Vesuvius destroyed
What was the shallow pool for?
collect rainwater that came through the roof
What were Roman houses commonly used for?
conduct business
Why were the tunnels dangerous?
could collapse and kill whoever is inside
What happened when Vesuvius erupted on August 24, 79 A.D.?
destroyed the entire town of Pompeii
What happened to Karl Weber in 1764?
died suddenly
What did Weber say was important?
dig carefully and log when and where each object was found
What was a warning sign that people did not know about?
earthquake
What was the highest honor?
elected patron
What is peristyle?
enclosed garden
What did the Pompeii people think they were witnessing?
end of the world
Who joined them in 1750?
engineer, Karl Weber
Who arrived in 1748?
engineer, Rocque Joaquin de Alcubierre
What did Pompeians use instead of forks?
fingers
What had Fiorelli also done?
first plaster casts of victims at the exact moment they died
What was garum?
fish sauce also used for medicine; made from fermented fish intestines
What does fresco mean?
fresh in Italian
Who was Vulcan?
god of fire
What was wine made from?
grapes
What was the Forum, the heart of Pompeii?
group of buildings surrounding a large open area used for many purposes
Why were the people not worried about Vesuvius?
had not erupted in 700 years
Why weren't people in Pompeii worried about Vesuvius?
had not erupted in 700 years
What happened while lava was in the air?
hardened
What is a crater?
hole made by an erupting volcano
What is triclinium?
indoor dining room
What did the four large mosaics found in Scaurus's luxurious house depict?
jars of his famous fish sauce
Who were magistrates?
judges at Basilica
How was Karl Weber's method of excavation different from others' methods?
kept a log of where and when every object was found
What does in situ mean?
leave object where it was found
What was pumice?
lightweight powdery rock
What were boys given at nine days old?
locket called a bulla
What was Vesuvius?
looks like a mountain but it is actually a volcano
What happened shortly after Pompeii was buried?
looters dug tunnels to houses to steal things of value
What was Giuseppe Fiorelli famous for?
making plaster casts of victims catching the exact moment when they died, opened site to anyone who could pay small entrance fee, removed all mounds of dirt and debris to reveal the layout of Pompeii
How long did the girls wear lockets called lunulas?
night before they get married
What were people doing in Pompeii on August 24, 79 A.D.?
normal routines; like any day
Why were there so many bakeries?
only the rich people had kitchens at home
What are togas?
only worn by male citizens; stripes were for important government men
What is an atrium?
open air room
Why do they charge an entrance fee?
paid for the guards and prevent thieves from stealing
Who are archaeologists?
people who study objects from the past to learn about people and culture of that time
What were mosaics?
pictures made from small pieces of colored glass or clay
Where was the trash and human waste put?
poured into the street; no gutters
Why was Pompeii circled by a stone wall?
protect from enemies
What is lava?
red hot liquid rock
Why did survivors return to Pompeii?
search for valuables that they left behind
What was in the middle of the atrium of an ideal Roman house?
shallow pool for collecting rainwater
What does dormant mean?
sleeping
What discouraged intruders?
small windows up high
What were their bathrooms like?
small, no windows; hole in the floor
What are looters?
so anything of value
What were the stepping stones for?
so not to step in the garbage
Why was the floor covered with sand?
soak up blood
What is an aqueduct?
system that carries large amounts of water
What happened in 1944?
the last time Vesuvius erupted; did not harm Pompeii
What is strigil?
tool used to scrape off dirt and sweat
Why was the largest section of Pompeii closed to visitors?
unsafe
What would bathhouse attendants do before giving customers massages?
use a tool to scrape off dirt and sweat
How was the water warmed?
using furnace rooms
Who were gladiators?
usually prisoners of war or criminals
What was the oval amphitheater used for?
watch professional fights - gladiators
Who was Pliny the Younger?
watched the eruption from the town across the Bay of Naples
Why was protective roofing installed?
water in humid conditions cause most of the damage
When did the boys stop wearing the bulla?
when they become a Roman citizen age 16
What was Pompeii a part of?
Roman Empire
What was the center of the empire and the most important city?
Rome