Windows 10 Operating Systems Ch 1

service

1)a windows application that runs in the background without user interaction. 2)functionality provided to remote clients over the network.

Action Center

A place where you can review and resolve system messages.

Azure AD

Otherwise known as Azure Active Directory; an identity and access management cloud solution that provides the ability to manage users and groups. It provides identity information for secure access to on-premises and cloud apps, including Office 365, Azure, and Intune.

Microsoft EDGE

The new web browser in windows 10 that replaces internet explorer. It is completely redesigned to avoid the legacy support issues encountered with internet explorer and to have better support for web standards such as HTML5.

trusted platform module TPM

a chip on the motherboard that is designed to securely store encryption keys and certificates.

Universal windows platform UWP

a common application platform available on every device that runs windows 10. the UWP provides a guaranteed core programming interface across devices. the developer can create a single application package that can be installed onto a wide range of device and unlock the unique capabilities of each device.

universal apps

a developer platform strategy to enable the development of applications that can run on every windows device, including phones, tablets, laptops, desktops, and xbox gaming centers.

Central Processing Unite (CPU)

a device responsible for the actual execution of instructions stored in applications and operating system code. Windows 10 supports 32- 64- bits CPUs.

Active Directory AD

a domain security database of user and computer information that is stored on domain controllers and referenced by domain member computers. This database is stored on multi-master replicating domain controllers running Windows Server 2000 or newer.

Remote assistance

a feature in windows 10 that allows a helper to connect to a windows 10 computer and view the screen or remotely control the computer.

Client Hyper V

a feature in windows 10 that allows you to run virtual machine. EX: virtual box that we perform in class.

Group Policy

a feature integrated with active directory that can be used to centrally manage the configuration of Windows 2000 and newer windows computers, including windows 10.

new technology file system

a file system introduced with windows NT. this supports advances features to add reliability, security, and flexibility that file systems such as FAT ad FAT32 do not have.

File Allocation Table FAT

a file system used to organize files and folders in a partition or volume. The common versions of FAT supported by Windows 10 include FAT, FAT32, and exFAT.

Dynamic Link Library DLL

a file that holds application code modules. These modules are shared among applications, so the file is also called a library. These files can be replaced to update an application without having to replace the entire application.

Image File

a file that stores one or more images (typically operating system installations). The size of an image file is minimized through the use of single-instance storage when a file exists in multiple images.

Plug and Play technology

a general term used to describe hardware that can be plugged in to the computer system and removed at any time. The computer will recognize the hardware dynamically, load a device for it, and make it available to the user in a short period of time.

system on a chip

a hardware platform that combines multiple devices that would normally be found discrete components inside a computer, but instead are combined into a single, silicon chip. The SoC design allows for the creation of computers with a small physical form factor, power savings, and simplified device construction.

Domain

a logical grouping of computers and users in active directory.

Preemptive Multitasking

a method for applications to share a CPU and appear that they are all running at the same time. This method adds time limits and priority levels to determine how long an application can use the processor and which application gets to go next. An application can also be preempted by another application if it has a higher priority level.

multitouch

a method of input on a touch screen or a touch pad that allows two or more points of contact on a high precision touch device. this enables precision gestures to interact with the windows 10 environment.

Microsoft Passport

a multifactor authentication system in windows 10 that enhances security by avoiding the use of a user name and password. Biometric authentication on the client allows access to the remote system.

P2P Network

a network where all computers store their own security information and share data.

windows peer to peer networking

a networking technology included in windows vista and later operating systems that allows clients to use IPv6 to communicate with each other over LANs or the internet.

provisioning

a new configuration process for windows 10 that modifies the configuration of an alrady installed windows 10 operating system to match corporate standards. windows ICD creates provisioning packages that perform that configuration.

virtual desktop

a new feature in windows 10 that allows users to create multiple desktops with different applications and switch between them on a single monitor.

modern standby

a new instant-on sleep mode in windows 10. The computer remains in the S0 state but powers down as much hardware as possible.

PIN

a personal identification number that allows users to identify themselves during the authentication or sign-in process.

Cortana

a personalized virtual search assistant. Can use voice recognition to accept commands from the user.

thread

a piece of code that performs a specific, single task. an application is written as one or more threads, each of which performs a specific task within the application. the thread is typically seen as unit of work for the CPU to perform.

Multifactor Authentication MFA

a security system that requires more than one method of proving someone or something is who or what it is declared to be. different methods are used to independently verify the user's identity for a transaction or sign-in attempt, such as a password plus a fingerprint. Each layer increases the difficulty an attacker faces trying to breach the security of a target.

Easy Upgrade

a simple upgrade process that can be used to upgrade windows 10 home to windows 10 professional. this upgrade is purchased through the windows store.

NT File System

a standard for organizing the files and folders on a hard disk partition. This standard is more complex than FAT but adds more management features. This is the preferred standard for storing files on a hard disk.

remote access

a system that allows dial-up or VPN clients to remotely retrieve and save data as though they are on the local network, but with much slower performance.

Hyperthreading

a technique used in certain intel processors to improve their overall performance by working on more than one thread at a time.

Multitasking

a term used to describe the appearance of more than one application sharing the cpu of the computer. to the user, the applications all seem to be running at the same time.

Process

a term used to describe the files, memory, and application code that combine together to form a single running application. Each application running on a multitasking system is referenced by a single process.

Multiprocessor

a term used to refer to a computer with more than one CPU

task manager

a utility that allows you to view overall system information and manipulate processes.

virtualization

allows the hardware of a single computer to be shared by multiple operating systems running at the same time.

Client

allows you to communicate with a particular service running on a remote computer.

Microsoft Account

an account that is stored online by Microsoft. You can use it to authenticate to multiple microsoft cloud services and windows 10.

Mobile Device Management

an administrative system that allows corporate administrators to deploy, secure, monitor, and integrate mobile devices such as laptops, tablets, and smartphones into the corporate ecosystem, using various mobile service providers and mobile operating systems.

Encrypting File System EFS

an encryption technology for individual files and folders that can be enabled by users. Files encrypted with EFS are not readable without the correct digital identification.

software assurance

an option when purchasing microsoft software that allows you up to automatically receive the latest version of the product. If you purchase software assurance, you will automatically be able to upgrade to the next version free of charge.

Windows as a Service WaaS

an update process for windows 10 in which new features are continuously published and installed to existing windows 10 installations.

Long term servicing branch

an update process to windows 10 that allows devices to run a feature-stable version of windows 10 where the operating system is not expected to change configuration frequently. The time between feature releases for LTSB versions are designed to be supported in the long term and change as infrequently as one to three years, able to run without upgrade requirements for up to 10 years.

windows hello

biometric authentication functionality in windows 10. at release, windows hello supports fingerprints, facial recognition, and iris scanning.

Azure Active Directory Join

connects windows 10 computers with a domain hosted in Windows Azure AD instead of an on premises domain.

Metadata

information or properties for a file or other object. Windows 10 allows you to include tags as additional metadata for files.

Malware

malicious software designed to perform unauthorized acts on your computer,. Includes viruses, worms, and spyware.

Device driver

software that manages the communication between windows 10 and a particular hardware component.

Quantum

the amount of time allocated to a program running in a preemptive multitasking environment. Once a program's quantum has expired, it must wait for the next available quantum.

tablet mode

the configuration for windows 10 that is optimized for use with a touch screen.

Continuum for Phone

the feature for windows 10 phones that allows external peripherals, such as mouse, keyboard, monitor, or projectors, to be used.

remote desktop

the feature in windows 10 that you can enable to allow remote control of the computer by using RDP on port 3389.

Domain Network

the location type that is used when a computer joined to a domain is on the domain network, for example, a corporate office.

Continuum

the windows 10 feature that automatically adjusts windows 10 between desktop mode and tablet mode as the device state changes.

Libraries

virtual folders in file explorer that combine content from multiple locations to simplify file access.

Multimaster replication

when a domain has multiple domain controllers, all domain controllers are capable of making changes to the security domain database they share. the changes are replicated from one domain controller to another.