WLE Chapter 3 Test 3
Shotgun Stick
(grip all) stick - the most widely used hot stick. Features an easy-to-control gripping mechanism
Second Point of Contact
" the point where current leaves the body during simultaneous contact between two or more items of different potential." If an employee is working on an exposed energized phase, everything else of different potential within reach is a second point of contact. ex: guy-wires, ground wires, crossarm...Most electrical accidents involve a second point of contact.
Tie Stick
Used for tying and untying conductors, and for installing and removing armor rods and preformed ties.
Rubber Gloves
One of lineworker's best safety tools. use rubber gloves of circuits of 50 volts and more and anytime there is an electric potential. Gloves must be of a class that exceeds the maximum phase to phase voltage on the line.
How often should you inspect plastic cover-up equipment?
Regularly inspect plastic equipment for physical damage or buildup of dirt. Remove from service any protective equipment that may have been damaged and have it tested or replaced
Identify the following rubber protective equipment, and indicate what it is used for : rubber sleeves
Used with rubber gloves to protect a lineworker's arms from electrical current.
Rubber Sleeves
Used with rubber gloves to protect a lineworker's arms from electrical current. OSHA requires their use except in the following condition: The mineworker is insulated from the energized parts that are not being worked on This insulation protects the employee's upper arm from contacting other energized parts.
Temporary Jumpers
Conductive devices installed on a circuit for short periods of time. Also known as macks or red heads, or mechanical jumpers. They have connectors on each end. Some can be installed while using rubber gloves, others require hot sticks.
Rubber gloves should be visually examined and air tested before________________.
each use
When inspecting rubber gloves ________________ the rubber material while looking for_________________
flex and bend collections of dirt and mud Evidence of cracks caused by ozone Discoloration or variations in the color Cuts,tears, punctures
What is a common industry best practice for rubber glove work?
is to stay 5ft away from exposed energized parts unless the employee is wearing rubber gloves and sleeves.
______________burns can damage the integrity of the plastic
rope
Live line tools suffer more abuse in ________ and ______than on the job.
storage, transportation
What are some key considerations for working "hot"
-Begin with inspection of rubber gloves, sleeves, hot stick -Chose work method during job briefing. Include all hazards and second point of contact and how to remove them -Identify phase-phase and phase-ground MAD -Conduct work site inspection to know the condition of adjacent lines and equipment Industry best practice, crew can request "hot-line tag" on circuit being worked on -Work on only one potential at a time. One task at a time on the structure. -Insulate against energized line and equipment by using rubber gloves, sleeves, live-line tools. Isolate against energized lines and equipment at foot level by using aerial lift, insulated platform or other approved equipment.
With energized work, what must a qualified person be trained and competent at?
-Distinguishing exposed live parts from other parts of electric equipment -Determining the nominal voltage of exposed parts -Maintaining minimum approach distance from exposed live parts -Using personal protective equipment and live-line tools properly when working on or near exposed live parts. -Recognizing and avoiding electrical hazards.
What are the 3 main factors used by OSHA to calculate distances when working energized lines
-Inadvertent movement factor - meaning that a worker will maintain the MAD even if they reach beyond, slip, or fall from their intended positions -Altitude correction Factor the minimum distances change at elevations above 3,000 ft -The electrical component of the minimum approach distance(not less than 2ft for primary distribution voltages.
When can you encroach on the MAD
-You are insulated from the energized part( with rubber gloves and sleeves -The energized part is insulted ( with rubber or plastic cover-up equipment) You are isolated from any object at a different potential ( such as during live-line barehand work).
What are some things a Competent person might be tasked with
-authorized by employer to keep job site safe - so they know what needs to be done and have the authority to lead a crew at doing it. - Also has the authorization to change a situation in order to enhance work-site safety.
List the maximum use AC voltage for the following classes of rubber gloves: 00, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4,
00 - 500 biege 0 - 1,000 red 1 - 7,500 white 2 - 17,000 yellow 3 - 26,500 green 4 - 36,000 orange
What are the 6 classifications of gloves and their max phase to phase rating and color
00 - 500 volts Beigie 0 - 1,000 volts Red 1 - 7,500 volts White 2 - 17,000 volts yellow 3 - 26,500 green 4 - 36,000 Orange
Qualified Person according to OSHA
A person who, by possession of a recognized degree, certificate, or professional standing, or by extensive knowledge, training, and experience, has demonstrated the ability to solve or prevent problems relating to a certain subject, work, or project.
The inspecting plastic equipment look for
Cracks, broken parts, missing pieces, gouges and scratches, discoloration or variations in the color of the plastic material, build up of dirt or oils
What are some glove precautions?
Dirt, oil, wood splinters, and body oils can damage rubber gloves. Remove contaminants rinsing in clean water with mild soap if needed. Dry glove and sprinkle glove powder inside to make it easier tout on -Store rubber gloves and leather protectors is special glove bag cuffs down -Do not fold rubber gloves. They maybe rolled slightly so that they fit -If glove receives impact or possible damage, immediately air test. If any doubt have it electrically tested -Rubber gloves would be worn with leather protectors, which help rubber from being cut or damaged. If leather protector is punctured or cut, replace protector and air test rubber glove -Do not use standard leather glove as rubber glove protector.
What are virtually all hot sticks today made of
Fiberglass reinforced plastic with a foam core. The fiberglass provides stiffness and strength, while special plastics provide excellent electrical resistance. The foam cells contain an inert gas that resist moisture.
What are some Hot Stick attachments
For tying Conductors to Insulators formed wire tool, rotary blade, and mechanical hand For replacing insulators- adjustable insulator fork, pin puller, cotter key installer, cotter key remover -For disconnecting switches use hooks to operate and disconnect switches
Why is communication important when using temporary jumpers
Good communication between mineworkers is critical when installing a temporary jumper. Work together to ensure that the ends of the jumper are applied to the same phase, in a way that avoids second point of contact by the line workers when installing and removing jumpers. Because temporary jumpers are manufactured specifically for maintaining continuity on energized phases, do not use them for any other purpose.
How should you clean a hot stick?
Inspect and clean live-line tools every day or at least before every use. Wipe the insulting portions of tools with clean dry cloth to remove any dirt or foreign matter. Spray on light application of silicone if possible. if there is too much dirt, pole treatment chemicals, or other contaminant to easily wipe off, send tool to shop for thorough cleaning and testing.
Insulate
Insulate means that the worker is separated by a dielectric substance, such as rubber gloves and sleeves, hot sticks, and rubber or plastic cover-up equipment. This insulation shields workers against current flow. Its often thought of as protecting workers from the things they can touch with their hands
Rotary Blade Head
Is a Hot Stick attachment used for tying conductors to insulators
Isolate
Isolate means employing tested and certified equipment to create physical separation between the worker and any object under the worker's feet. For example, an insulated aerial lift or insulated platform helps to isolate the worker's feet from objects of different potential. Isolation separates the worker from the earth, like a bird flying through the air.
Mechanical Hand
It is a Hot Stick attachment used for tying conductors to insulators
Compaies must ________ the cover up equipment clearly to communicate the altered rating to the employees using it.
Mark
What is a Competent Person according to OSHA
OSHA defines a competent person as "one who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards in the surroundings or working conditions which are unsanitary, hazardous, or dangerous to employees, and who has the authorization to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them."
How often must hot-sticks be removed from service for examination, cleaning, repair, and testing?
OSHA requires to remove line-line tool from service every two years for repair and testing.If tool is removed from service for cleaning or repair before 2 years, it must undergo the same examination as it would for a 2 year service. Two conditions make live-line tools electrically unsafe: Internal conductivity - caused by moisture getting inside, dielectric deterioration, or internal damage. Surface conductivity - caused by loss of surface gloss, wetting, or contamination
What is a Hot-Line Tag
On new reclosers and breakers, the hot-line tag function sets the device to fast trip and keeps the device open is case of an accident. Also known as one-shot, non-test, or non-reclose, is meant to protect the worker
ASTM and OSHA standards for plastic cover up equipment is rated for what?
Phase to ground protection
Pole Guard
Plastic protective equipment used to cover a pole being set between energized conductors, or simply to eliminate a second point of contact
OSHA requires that all live-line tools be ____________ from service every two years for testing and __________________.
Removed, Repair
What are the two types of materials used to manufacture protective equipment
Rubber - is far more flexible Plastic - tends to be lighter and more durable than rubber The equipment is rated based on its electrical and ozone (sunlight) resistance.
What are the methods for maintaining the MAD based of the type of work?
Rubber Gloving - workers use rated and tested gloves and sleeves to apply cover-up equipment until any second point of contact is well out of reach of work location. Hot Sticking - workers use insulated live-line tools that are long enough to maintain the MAD between the worker's hands and the exposed energized object. Barehand Work - because they are energized at the sam potential as the phase, workers must maintain the MAD from any other object of different potential, such as other phase or the structure.
How often should rubber blankets and hoses be tested
Rubber blankets must be tested annually. Hoses should be tested when inspections raise doubts about heir condition.
Line Hosehhu
Rubber protective equipment designed to cover overhead conductors, jumpers, and guy-wires. Comes in lengths of 3-6 ft. Connects with other rubber equipment.
When can you use plastic cover up equipment?
Single-Phase work projects, using the rubber glove method or hot sticking method Multiphase work project, using the hot sticking method only Multiphase work projects for structure cover only, using the rubber glove method or hot sticking method
What are some types of temporary jumpers?
Standard jumpers are usually insulated for primary voltages of 15kV, 25kV, and 35kV. These are available with a conductor size ranging from #2 copper to 4/0 copper. Temporary jumpers' jaws will fit on conductor from#6 coper to 795 ACSR. Take marriage reading to ensure jumpers are qualified to handle current flow of phase Load pickup jumpers have a mechanism that safely "picks up" the load (makes the connection) between lines. Will carry load up to certain amperage rating.
What is the preferred method of storing live line tools at the service center
Store live line tools in dry, designated location safely away from anything that could cause physical damage or contamination from dust and dirt. If possible store vertically in special rack or suspend from ceiling. Use heaters to prevent moisturecondesation.
How should line hoses be stored
Straight not bent or folded. Avoid leaving in truck bed or trailer.
Line Stick
Supporting device used to provide insulation for ropes, blocks, and strap hoists.
What are three things to consider when using temporary jumpers
The current that it needs to handle, the proper length that it needs to be, and how you plan to install them ( hot stick, rubber gloves
Universal Stick
The idustry trend is toward universal sticks, which are made of modern materials, fit a variety of tools, and can be end-to-end.
What is a shotgun stick and what is it used for
The shotgun (or grip all) stick has an easy to control griping finger on the hot end of the stick. It is used for a variety of tasks, including installing ground clamps.
What is a Link Stick and what is it used for
These sticks are typically short, and provide insulation when using ropes, blocks, and strap hoist.
When are rubber sleeves required? When are they not
They are used with rubber gloves protect a mineworkers arms from electrical contact. Most companies require sleeves regardless of the exception. OSHA requires their use except in the following condition: The mineworker is insulated from the energized parts that are not being worked on This insulation protects the employee's upper arm from contacting other energized parts.
How should rubber blankets be stored
They should be stored flat or rolled up in protective canisters -- no folding--
What are 2 types of rubber used for rubber glove ratings
Type I - is not ozone resistant Type II is ozone resistant
Cutter
Used to cut conductors of all sizes. Some make a round cut to allow installation of a splicing sleeve or dead-end. Those made larger are typically hydraulic or racket assisted.
Telescoping Stick
Used to replace fuses, open disconnects, take conductor height measurements, and operate reclosers.
What is an Auxiliary Support Arm
Used to reposition and secure conductors out of the immediate work area. They can be mounted to the crossarm, poles, and the truck boom. They work well for conductor, crossarm, pole, and isolator replacements, switch installations and other projects.
What is air testing
Using a portable glove inflator or other method, fill the glove with air, don't over inflate, place next to your face and listen and feel for air leaks. If detected destroy and discard
How is the minimum approach distance applied to working on energized lines
When working on energized lines, the MAD is constantly observed. The MAD is best defined as the closest distance that a qualified employee can approach an exposed object with a difference of potential w/o the use of approved and rated protective equipment.
Conductor Pulling Grips
Wire grips for live-line use are not spring loaded. They usually have a ring or bracket so they can be installed or removed using live line tools. once secured to the conductor, the griping jaws can be opened freely by releasing the pulling mechanism.
What is a crossarm guard
apply anytime contact with crossarm is possible, such as when tying or untying conductors from insulators, when rubber gloving or hot sticking
How often should rubber gloves be tested?
before first issue and 6 months after that
How often should rubber sleeves be tested
before first issue and every 12 months after that
Rubber sleeves must be tested _______________
before they are first issued and every 12 months
Osha requires the rubber gloves be tested____________ every_______there after
before they are first issued, and 6 months
What is a Pole Guard
covers poles that are set near or on energized lines. They protect workers from accidental brush contact with the pole.
Fiber Hoist/Strap Hoist
is used for energized work (rubber gloving and hot sticking) is used to support sagging conductors, adjust tension, replace strain insulators, etc. Do not exceed rated capacity, inspect daily, avoid exposure to chemicals such as solvents, gasoline, or other combustable material. Has insulating properties, nut not rated for any voltage. Therefore, an insulated line stick must be used between the hoist and any object of different potential. During installation of guy-wires and attachments, use chain hoist, if available.
Does plastic equipment require testing. If so when?
it does not require in-service testing. If a inspection raises concern, yes equipment in a lab.
What will happen to a glove that has a hole in it during water testing?
it will short circuit the tester
How should plastic cover-up equipment be stored
some components can be nested together together for storage and transportation. Most damage occurs when tool and equipment are thrown on top of it in a truck be or trailer.
What is the preferred method of storing live-line tools at the work site?
store in a special tool rack or other location that is clean, dry, protected from weather, and is out of the way. Protect from moisture and physical damage. This equipment suffers more abuse in storage and transportation than in actual use.
What are the best practices for transporting live-line tools?
vehicles - special rack or protective container - not piled loose in truck On the structure- use clean dry handline, to move tools safely up and down the structure. In aerial lift use bag or rack. Do not toss and drop, do not hang from energized conductors.
