World Civ: The Enlightenment
According to John Locke, liberty includes the right to
act freely within the boundaries of the law.
Montesquieu suggested dividing government into ___________, legislative, and judicial powers.
executive
Read the excerpt from Article I of the US Constitution. All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. Whose ideas does this excerpt best support?
Baron de Montesquieu
Which statement best explains the role of government according to John Locke?
Governments should respect the fundamental rights of humans.
Which Enlightenment thinker believed that citizens should rebel against a tyrannical government?
John Locke
How did Baron de Montesquieu's beliefs differ from those of Thomas Hobbes?
Montesquieu believed that governments should have checks and balances, while Hobbes believed that governments should have absolute power.
The diagram partly explains the concept of a social contract. social contract diagram According to Thomas Hobbes, what must citizens do in exchange for protection?
They must obey the government.
Which Enlightenment thinker first proposed the idea of a social contract?
Thomas Hobbes
Which concepts best relate to the ideas of John Locke? Check all that apply.
natural rights social contract representative government
Thomas Hobbes believed that citizens should agree to be ruled by leaders who
possess absolute power.
John Locke and other Enlightenment thinkers emphasized _____________ over religion.
reason
John Locke supported the separation of church and state and promoted
religious tolerance.
Read the quote by the Baron de Montesquieu from The Spirit of the Laws. When the legislative and executive powers are united in the same person, or in the same body of magistrates, there can be no liberty; because apprehensions may arise, lest the same monarch or senate should enact tyrannical laws, to execute them in a tyrannical manner. This quote specifically declares the need for a government
with more than one branch of power.
Read the quote by John Locke from the Two Treatises of Government. The end of law is not to abolish or restrain, but to preserve and enlarge freedom. For in all the states of created beings, capable of laws, where there is no law there is no freedom. This quote helps explain the idea of
writing laws to preserve rights.