world history topic 2 vocab
Akhenaton
"he who serves Aton" Amenhosep young pharaoh
David
2nd king of Israel, established Jerusalem as its national capital & led successful military campaigns creating secure borders for Israel
Solomon
David's son, followed him as king, turned it into a capital
Hatshepsut
Egypt's first female ruler
pharaohs
Egyptian kings
Osiris
God, story touched human emotions, jealous brother, Set killed him
Isis
Goddess
Thutmose III
Hatshepsut's stepson took over once he reached adult hood
prophet
Isaiah & Jeremiah reminded Jews of their duties
cuneiform
Latin word cuneus "wedge" because scribes wrote by making making wedge- shaped marks on clay tablets
The Epic of Gligamesn
Mesopotamian narrative poem, 1st told orally in Sumer, describes a great flood that destroys the world
Zoroaster
Persian thinker
ziggurat
a large, stepped platform thought to have been topped by a temple dedicated to the city's chief God or goddesses
papyrus
a plant that grows along the bank of the Nile
Mesopotamia
a region that lies between the Tigris and Euphrates river within the Fertile Crescent
Nebuchadnezzar
aggressive and ruthless 2nd king
Moses
an Israelite who removed Gods convenient with Israelites
codify
arrange and set down in writing all then laws that would govern a state
Ramses II
became ruler of new kingdom
monotheism
believing there is only one God
civil law
branch of laws deals with private rights (business contracts, property, inheritance, taxes, marriage and divorce)
criminal law
branch of laws that deal with offenses (robbery, murder, assaults)
vizier
chief minister
Abraham
considered the father of the Israelites and their religion, Judaism
barter economy
exchanged one set of goods or services for another
deciphering
figuring out the meaning of
Rosetta stone
flat black stone
money economy
goods and services are paid for through the exchange of some token of an agreed value ; Coin or bill
Amen~ Re
great lord of the gods
sabbath
holy day for rest and worship
Hammurabi
king of Babylon
Patriarchal
means men held the greatest legal & moral authority
ethics
moral standards of behavior
mummification
preservation of dead bodies by embalming them and wrapping them in cloth
covenant
promise and agreement
Fertile Crescent
region in the Middle East named for its rich soils and golden wheat fields
dynasty
ruling family
diaspora
spreading out of the Jewish people
hieroglyphics
system in which pictures represent objects concepts or sounds
bureaucracy
system of government through departments & subdivisions administrated by officials who follow set rules
Hierarchy
system of ranking groups
colony
territory settled & ruled by people from another land
Sumer
the region which the worlds first civilization was developed in southeastern Mesopotamia
sargon
the ruler of akkad
Torah
their most sacred text, tells history of the ancient Israelites and their continuing relationship with God
delta
triangular area of marshland formed by deposits of silt at the mouth of some rivers
cataract
waterfall
alphabet
writing system in which each symbol represents a single basic sound, consonant or vowel
