z 3 & 4 Ethernet

(MMC05Q19): What is the maximum speed at which 10Base2 Ethernet networks communicate? 2.5 Mbps 100 Mbps 10 Mbps 500 Mbps

10 Mbps The 10 in 10Base2 signifies an Ethernet network segment that runs at 10 Mbps

(MMC05Q01): The original data transfer rate of Ethernet was only ___________________. 3 Mbps 10 Mbps 16 Mbps 56 Kbps

3 Mbps

(MMv2C04Q06): Which committee is responsible for Ethernet standards? IEEE 803.2 IEEE 803.3 IEEE 802.2 IEEE 802.3

IEEE 802.3

(MMC05Q07): What does it mean if a NIC runs in promiscuous mode? It broadcasts all frames It replies to all frames It processes all frames It forwards all frames

It processes all frames Network diagnostic programs, commonly called sniffers can order a NIC to run in promiscuous mode. When running in promiscuous mode, the NIC processes all the frames it sees on the cable, regardless of their MAC addresses.

(MMv2C04Q01): What is another term commonly used for frame? Network Packet Pad Segment

Packet

(LS Specifications Q10): You have been tasked with designing a high speed Ethernet network. Your client's buildings already have 150 ohm shielded twisted pair (STP) wiring installed. Due to budget constraints, they have asked you to reuse the existing wiring instead of installing new fiber optic cabling.Which Ethernet standard could you use in order to implement this situation? (Choose the only possible choice here based on the given facts in this question) 1000BaseSX 1000BaseCX 1000BaseZX 10BaseFL 1000BaseT 1000BaseLX

1000BaseCX The 1000BaseCX standard specifies 150 ohm STP cabling. The maximum cable length is 25 meters. The 10BaseFL, 1000BaseSX, 1000BaseLX and 1000BaseZX standards all employ fiber optic cabling. Because of constraints you cannot use these standards. 1000BaseT uses category 5 UTP instead of STP cabling.

(LS Specifications Q08): Which Gigabit Ethernet standard uses multimode fiber-optic cabling and supports network segments up to a maximum of 550 meters long? 1000BaseT 1000BaseCX 1000BaseZX 1000BaseSX

1000BaseSX The 1000BaseSX standard uses multi-mode fiber optic cable with a maximum segment length of 550 meters. However, to implement segments this long, you must use 50 micron, 500MHz multimode fiber optic cable. Other types of cable will shorten the maximum segment length .1000BaseFX also supports lengths of 550 meters using multimodal table. 1000BaseFX supports distances up to 10 kilometers using single mode cable.1000BaseZX has a maximum segment length of up to 100 kilometers. 1000BaseCX and 1000BaseT use copper cabling instead of fiber optic.

(LS Specifications Q02): Which of the following Ethernet standards uses fiber optic cabling? (Select two answers only. You must have both answers correct for credit. There is no partial credit for this question). 1000BaseCX 100BaseT4 100BaseFX 100BaseTX 1000BaseLX

100BaseFX 1000BaseLX 100BaseFX and 1000BaseLX are Ethernet standards that use fiber optic cabling. Following are the Ethernet naming conventions which you should be familiar with: * F designates fiber optic cabling. Ethernet standards with the F designation are 10BaseFL and 100BaseFX * L designated "long" distances and requires fiber optic to support the distance. Ethernet standards with the L designation are 10BaseFl, 1000BaseLX and 10GBaseLR. * S designates "short" distances that use fiber optic cables. Ethernet standards with the S designation are 1000BaseSX and 10GBaseSR. * T designates twisted pair cables. Ethernet standards with the T designation are 10BaseT, 100BaseTX, 100BaseT4 and 1000BaseT. * C designates copper cables. The 1000BaseCX standard is for fast Ethernet at short distances within wiring closets.

(LS Specifications Q11): You have been tasked with designing an Ethernet network. Your client needs to implement a very high speed network backbone between campus buildings; some of which are around 300 meters apart. Multimode fiber-optic cabling has already been installed between buildings. Your client has asked that you use the existing cabling.Which Ethernet standard meets these guidelines? (There are two possible answers here. Select two answers only. You must have both answers correct for credit. There is no partial credit for this question). 1000BaseT 10GBaseER 10GBaseSR 1000BaseSX 1000BaseT 1000BaseCX

10GBaseSR 1000BaseSX 10GBaseSR and 1000BaseSX can operate within these parameters. Both will support segment lengths of300 meters long and can use multi-mode fiber-optic cabling.10BaseFL isn't a good choice because its data transmission rate is relatively low. 1000BaseCX and 1000BaseT both use copper wiring. You need multimode fiber.

(TRANS Q2-6-4): Which 10 Gigabit Ethernet designation is for use with Synchronous Optical Networking (SONET) networks? 10GBaseSR 10GBaseSW 10GBaseLX4 10GBaseLR

10GBaseSW The 10GBaseSW designation is for use with SONET networks. Other SONET network designations include 10GBaseEW, 10GBaseLW, and 10GBaseZW. The W designation in the 10GBase specification includes SONET usage. The 10GBase W specifications for a SONET network include the following: * 10GBaseEW - This specification uses 1550 nanometer (nm) lasers over single -mode fiber optic cable up to 40 kilometers (25 miles) maximum cable run. * 10GBaseLW - This specification uses 1310 nm lasers over single -mode fiber optic cable up to 25 kilometers (16 miles) maximum cable run. * 10GBaseSW - This specification uses 850 nm lasers over multi -mode fiber optic cable. The maximum cable run can be 25 meters (85 feet), 82 meters (270 feet), or 300 meters (980 feet), depending on which multi -mode cable is used. The 10GBaseSR and 10GBaseLR designations are not for use with SONET networks. The 10GBase R specifications, which include 10GBaseER, 10GBaseLR, and 10GBaseSR, are not used in SONET networks. These specifications have the same laser type, cable type, and maximum cable run stipulations as their 10GBase W designation counterparts. The 10GBaseLX4 designation is not for use with SONET networks. This specification is used when you need to support both single -mode and multi -mode fiber optic cable. It uses four lasers in the 1300 nm range over single -mode or multi -mode fiber -optic cable. When this specification is deployed using single -mode fiber optic cable, it can support a maximum cable run of 10 kilometers (6.2 miles). When deployed using multi -mode cable, this specification can support a maximum cable run of either 240 meters (790 feet) or 300 meters (980 feet).

(MMC05Q09): An Ethernet frame must have a minimum size of ______________. 64 bytes 1,024 bytes 256 bytes 1,500 bytes

64 bytes The minimum Ethernet frame is 64 bytes in size, but not all of that has to be actual data. If an Ethernet frame has fewer than 64 bytes of data to haul, the sending NIC will automatically add extra data, known as a pad, to bring the data to the minimum 64 bytes.

(TRANS Q2-4-8): Which statement is NOT an advantage of a 110 block over a 66 block? A 110 block supports higher frequencies. A 110 block requires less space. A 110 block does not use a punch -down tool. A 110 block supports both telephone and data networks.

A 110 block does not use a punch -down tool. A 110 block uses a punch -down tool, just like a 66 block. The punch -down tool forces the wires into the slots on the block.A 110 block does support higher frequencies than a 66 block. A 110 block requires less space than a 66 block. A 110 block supports both telephone and data networks, while a 66 block is only used on telephone networks.A 110 block would be used in a twisted pair Ethernet network, including Cat5, Cat5e, and Cat6 networks.

(LS Specifications Q07): You are planning a network for an educational campus. Due to the size of the buildings and the distance between them, you have elected to use 10BaseFL hubs, cabling, and network interface cards.What is the maximum length for the network cable between a workstation and a hub? A maximum length of 550 meters A maximum length of 220 meters A maximum length of 100 meters A maximum length of 412 meters A maximum length of 1000 meters A maximum length of 2000 meters

A maximum length of 2000 meters The maximum length for a 10BaseFL network segment is 2000 meters (2 kilometers). Because a 10BaseFL network uses a physical star topology, a segment is defined as one of the arms of the star (between the hub and a host). That means the fiber optic the cable between the hub and the workstation can be up to 2000 meters long. 100BaseFX supports multi-mode cable up to 412 meters. 1000BaseSX and 1000BaseLX supports multimode cable up to 550 meters. 100 meters is the maximum twisted-pair cable length.

(TRANS Q2-3-8): You need to implement a network among nine computers in one large office. There is no cabling installed in the building, so the cabling needs to be purchased.Which network topology would require you to purchase the least amount of cabling? Bus Star Mesh Ring

Bus A bus topology uses a single cable and all network devices connect to that single backbone. Because devices connect to a single cable, this topology typically requires the least amount of cabling. However, should that single cable fail, the entire network would stop responding.

(LS Ethernet Q01): What is the media access control method for all Ethernet networks referred to as? CSMA/CA Polling Token Passing CSMA/CD

CSMA/CD Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) is the media acts as control method of all Ethernet connections.

(TRANS Q2-3-2): Which network layout describes a bus topology? A single cable connects all networked devices. All networked devices are connected to one or more hubs. A series of point -to -point connections between networked devices forms a physical loop. Every device has a dedicated connection to every other device using a series of point -to -point j connections.

A single cable connects all networked devices. A bus topology uses a single cable to connect all networked devices. This single cable, also known as a segment, backbone, or trunk, means that a bus topology uses less cabling than other topologies. However, it also means that the entire network will stop responding if a cable failure occurs. Ethernet 10Base2 and 10Base5 networks use a bus topology. A star topology connects all of the nodes, or computers, to a central device such as a hub. The hub has a connection port for each node. This arrangement minimizes the risk of failure of the entire network. For example, if one node on the network fails, only that node will be impacted by the failure. All other nodes on the network will continue to operate. A ring topology uses multiple cables to connect each device to two other devices, forming a loop, or "ring." In a ring topology, signals generally travel in one direction around the ring as they are passed from one computer to another. If a cable failure occurs, there is a break in the ring, which causes the entire network to stop responding. In a mesh topology, every device has a dedicated connection to every other device using a series of point -to-point connections. This makes the mesh topology very expensive, but it creates several possible signal paths, providing a high level of fault tolerance.

(TRANS Q2-6-3): Which 10GBase specification allows the longest cable run? A specification of 10GBaseER A specification of 10GBaseLR A specification of 10GBaseSR A specification of 10GBaseLX4

A specification of 10GBaseER The 10GBaseER designation allows a maximum cable run of up to 40 kilometers (25 miles). The 10GBaseLR designation allows a maximum cable run of up to 25 kilometers (16 miles). The 10GBaseSR designation allows a maximum cable run of up to 25 meters (85 feet), 82 meters (270 feet), or 300 meters (980 feet), depending on which multi-mode cable is used. The 10GBaseLX4 designation allows a maximum cable run of either 240 meters (790 feet) or 300 meters (980 feet).

(LS Section 2_5 Troubleshooting Q10): While viewing the status of the interfaces on a Cisco switch, you see an abnormally large number of CRC errors on one interface. This interface is connected to a user's workstation located in a cubicle on the second floor.What could be causing this to happen? An incorrect subnet mask has been configured on the workstation. Collisions between two or more network hosts are occurring. Two hosts on the network have the same MAC address. A strong EMI emitter near the cable run connected to that interface

A strong EMI emitter near the cable run connected to that interface CRC errors indicate that a frame has been corrupted in transit. The CRC counter displays the number of frames received by the switch that did not pass the FCS check. On a hub-based Ethernet network, these errors are usually caused by collisions. However, because a switch is being used in this scenario, collisions cannot occur. Therefore, the most likely cause is EMI or crosstalk on the UTP cabling, which can corrupt frames transmitted in the wire and cause a CRC error.CRC errors are almost always Layer 1 errors. Duplicate MAC addresses would result in a Layer 2 error. Incorrect protocol or IP addressing configurations would result in Layer 3 errors.

(LS Section 2_5 Troubleshooting Q23): which type of polish grade uses green colored connectors to help prevent using the wrong connector type? Angled Physical Contact Physical Contact Ultra Physical Contact Super Physical Contact

Angled Physical Contact Angled Physical Contact (APC) connectors are colored green to prevent them from being mixed with non- APC connectors. Physical Contact (PC), Super Physical Contact (SPC), and Ultra Physical Contact (UPC) connectors do not use any specific coloring designations.

(MMv2C04Q03): What items below make up the CSMA/CD system used in Ethernet networks? (Select three.) Collision avoidance Carrier sense Multiple access Collision detection

Carrier sense Multiple access Collision detection

(LS Specifications Q01): What is the minimum cable specification that supports 1000 mbps Ethernet? Cat 3 Cat 4 Cat 5 Cat 5e Cat 6 Cat 6e

Cat 5 1000 Mbps Ethernet (Gigabit Ethernet) requires at least Cat 5 cables. While Cat 5 is supported, a higher grade cable (Cat 5e or Cat 6) might be a better choice. Cat 3 only supports 10 Mbps Ethernet. Cat 5e and Cat 6 is required for 10 Gbps Ethernet.

(TRANS Q2-1-1): Which unshielded twisted -pair (UTP) category consists of four twisted pairs of copper wire and is certified for transmission rates of up to 100 Mbps? Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4 Category 5

Category 5 Category 5 UTP cabling is the most widely used category of UTP cable. It enables transmission rates of up to 100 Mbps, and it is the highest category of UTP cabling.UTP transmission rates are as follows:* Category 1 - up to 4 Mbps* Category 2 - up to 4 Mbps* Category 3 - up to 10 Mbps* Category 4 - up to 16 Mbps* Category 5 - up to 100 Mbps* Category 5e - up to 1000 Mbps* Category 6 - up to 1000 MbpsCategory 1 wiring consists of two pairs of twisted copper wire. It is rated for voice grade, not data communication. It is the oldest UTP wiring and is used for communication on the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN).Category 2 wiring consists of four pairs of twisted copper wire and is suitable for data communications of up to 4 Mbps.Category 3 wiring consists of four pairs of twisted copper wire with three twists per foot. It is suitable for 10 Mbps data communication. It has been the most widely used UTP standard since the mid 1980s, especially for Ethernet networks.Category 4 wiring consists of four pairs of twisted copper wire and is rated for 16 Mbps. It was designed with 16 Mbps Token Ring networks in mind.Category 5 wiring consists of four twisted pairs of copper wire terminated by RJ -45 connectors. Category 5 cabling can support frequencies of up to 100 MHz and speeds of up to 100 Mbps. It can be used for ATM, Token Ring, 1000Base -T, 100Base -T, and 10Base -T networking.NOTE: Category 5e cable is the most commonly used cable for new UTP implementations. The "e" in Category 5e cable stands for "enhanced." This enhanced specification will support bandwidths of up to 350 MHz.

(LS Section 4_4 Troubleshooting Q13): You manage a network that uses 1000BaseT Ethernet. You find that one device communicates on the network at only 100Mbps. Which tool should you use in order to test the drop cable and the connection to the network? TDR Cable Tester Multimeter Toner probe Certifier

Certifier A cable certifier is a multi-function tool that verifies or validates that a cable or an installation meets the requirements for a specific architecture implementation. For example, you would use a certifier to verify that a specific drop cable meets the specifications for 1000BaseT networking.A cable tester verifies that the cable can carry a signal from one end to the other, and that all wires are in their correct positions. A toner probe is two devices used together to trace the end of a wire from a known endpoint into the termination point in the wiring closet. You would use a Time Domain Reflector (TDR), to measure the length of a cable or to identify the location of a fault in the cable. Use a Multimeter to measure electrical properties of a device such as voltage, amps, and resistance.

(MMv2C04Q05): What is a group of nodes that hear each other's traffic? Collision domain Ethernet Fast Ethernet Sneakernet

Collision domain

(LS Connecting Devices Q03): You want to create a rollover cable that has an RJ-45 connector on both ends. How should you connect the wires within the connectors? Use the T568A standard on one end and the TS568B standard on the other end. Connect each pin on one end to the same pin on the other end (ie pin 1 with pin 1, pin2 with pin2 etc.) Connect pin 1 to pin 8, pin 2 to pin 7, pin 3 to pin 6 and pin 4 to pin 5 Connect pin 1 with pin 3 and pin 2 with pin 6

Connect pin 1 to pin 8, pin 2 to pin 7, pin 3 to pin 6 and pin 4 to pin 5 When terminated with an RJ-45 connector on both ends, the wires within theconnectors are rolled over to the opposite connector as follows: * pin 1 is connected to pin 8 * pin 2 is connected to pin 7 * pin 3 is connected to pin 6 * pin 4 is connected to pin 5 A crossover cable uses the T568A standard on one end and the T568B standard on the other end. A crossover cable connects pin 1 with pin 3 and pin 2 to pin 6. Connecting each pin to the same pin on the other end creates a straight through cable.

(MMv2C04Q18): Which of the following statements is correct concerning a switch? Connecting switches incorrectly can create a bridge loop, which can make the whole network stop working. Connecting switches incorrectly will have no impact as long as you are within the 5,3,4 rule. Connecting switches incorrectly can create a bridge loop, which can make the whole network stop working if IP addressing is being used Connecting switches incorrectly can create a context loop, which can make the whole network stop working

Connecting switches incorrectly can create a bridge loop, which can make the whole network stop working.

(LS Connecting Devices Q06): You have two switches that you need to connect together using their uplink ports. These switches do not support auto-MDI. Which type of cable should you use? Loopback Rollover Crossover Straight-through

Crossover Use a crossover cable to connect two switches through their uplink ports, or to connect the two switches through regular ports. You would use a straight through cable to connect the uplink port on one switch to a regular port on another switch. Use a rollover cable to connect a workstation to the console port of the switch. Use a loopback plug connected to a single port for troubleshooting.

(LS Connecting Devices Q05): you want to connect the LAN port on a router to the uplink port on a switch. The switch does not support auto-MDI. Which type of cable should you use? Crossover Rollover Loopback Straight-through

Crossover You would use a crossover cable to connect a workstation or a router to the uplink port on a switch. You would use a straight through cable to connect the router to a regular switch port. You would use a rollover cable to connect a workstation to the console port of a router. Finally, you would use a loop back plug to allow a device to communicate with itself through its own network adapter.

(LS Connecting Devices Q08): You need to transfer data from one laptop to another and would like to use an Ethernet cable. You do not have a hub or a switch. Which type of cable should you use in this situation? Crossover Loopback Straight-through Rollover

Crossover You would use a crossover cable to connect to devices together in a back-to-back configuration.Use a straight through cable to connect a workstation to a hub or switch port. Use a rollover cable to connect a workstation to the console port of a router or a switch. Use a loopback plug to allow a device to communicate with itself through its own network adapter.

(LS Section 4_4 Troubleshooting Q19): You have decided to implement Gigabit Ethernet on your network. Each switch port is connected to a single device. Following the installation, you find one device connected to a switch that is only running at 100 Mbps.Which of the following are likely causes? Incorrect VLAN Short Switching Loop Crosstalk Collisions

Crosstalk Crosstalk is interference that is caused by signals within the twisted pairs of wires. For example, current flow on one wire causes a current flow on a different wire. Crosstalk and other miss wiring problems typically mean that a cable does not operate at the desired standard. Use a cable certifier to verify that the cable is properly configured to support the rated speed.A short is where the signal is received on an incorrect wire. A short will typically mean that the cable does not work at all, or communications are very limited and extremely slow.Collisions are eliminated when connecting a single device to each switch port. A switching loop occurs when there are multiple active paths between two switches. Switching loops lead to incorrect entries in a MAC address table, making a device appear to be connected to the wrong port, causing unicast traffic being circulated in a loop between switches. VLANs create a logical grouping of computers based on switch port. Because devices on one VLAN cannot communicate with devices in different VLANs, incorrectly assigning a port to a VLAN might prevent a device from communicating through the switch.

(LS Section 4_4 Troubleshooting Q17): You are troubleshooting a client connectivity problem on an Ethernet network. The client system has intermittent connectivity to the network. You discover that the UTP patch cable is run 75 feet from the wall outlet, passes through the ceiling and over several fluorescent light fixtures before reaching the client system.Which of the following may be a cause of the connectivity problem? Failed patch cable. The UTP cable does not support transmission distances of 75 feet without signal regeneration. EMI interference. Crosstalk. Attenuation

EMI interference. In this case, the most likely cause of the problem is electromagnetic interference (EMI) from the fluorescent lights. Cables run near air-conditioners lights, or other large electronic devices can create interference for data traveling through the cable.UTP cables have a recommended segment cable length of 100 feet. Distances beyond this length may require signal regeneration. Devices such as Ethernet switches provide signal regeneration. Attenuation describes the process of signal degradation as it passes through network media. As mentioned, UTP cable can be run 100 feet before attenuation becomes a significant problem. Crosstalk refers to the interference caused by overlapping signals when cables are run in close proximity to each other.

(LS Section 4_4 Troubleshooting Q20): You have a cable Internet connection at home. The installer had connected the router near the outside wall of your house with RG-6 cable. You move the cable router a distance of 50 meters using RG-8 cables and special connector adapters.Which condition are you most likely to experience? NEXT FEXT EMI Attenuation Echo

Echo An impedance mismatch (manifested by Echo) occurs when you connect cables and devices that have a different impedance (resistance) rating. Impedance is mostly a factor in coaxial cables used for networking. Be sure to choose cable with the correct ratings (50 or 75 ohm) based on the network type, and do not mix cables with different ratings. RG-6 cables have a rating of 75 ohms, while RG-8 cables have a rating of 50 ohms.Attenuation is the loss of signal strength from one end of a cable to the other. Electromagnetic interference (EMI) is interference that comes from an external source. Common sources of EMI include nearby generators, motors, radio transmitters, welders, transformers, and fluorescent lighting.Near end crosstalk (NEXT) is crosstalk measured on the same end as the transmitter. For example, when a signal is sent on one wire, near end crosstalk measures the interference on another wire at the same connector near the source of the original signal. Far end crosstalk (FEXT) is Crosstalk measured on the opposite end of the transmitter. For example, when a signal is sent on one wire, far end crosstalk measures the interference on another wire at the opposite end from the source signal.

(LS Section 1_5 NetworkProtocol Q05): Which of the following protocols stores email on the mail server and gives users a choice to download mail or keep it on the server? POP3 NTP SMTP IMAP4

IMAP4 IMAP4 allows a male server to hold messages for a client. A POP3 server requires the user to download his or her email. SMTP allows a user to send email to a server. The NTP protocol synchronizes the clocks of all computers on the network.

(TRANS Q2-6-7): Which Ethernet standard is designed for data center interconnections and inter -rack connections, and is limited to 25 meters (82 feet)? Ethernet 100Base -T4 Ethernet 100Base -FX Ethernet 100Base -TX Ethernet 1000Base -CX

Ethernet 1000Base-CX 1000Base-CX is designed for wiring closets. It has a transmission rate of 1,000 Mbps and a maximum segment length of 25 meters (82 feet). 100Base-FX is the IEEE standard for a fiber -optic Fast Ethernet network topology. This standard transmits at 100 Mbps over a baseband connection, and uses fiber -optic cable as the transferring medium. It has a maximum segment distance of 2 kilometers (1.24 miles). 10BaseF is the 10 Mbps version for Ethernet over fiber -optic cable. 100Base-T4 is one of the Fast Ethernet standards. It consists of four pairs of unshielded twisted - pair (UTP) Category 3, 4 or 5 copper wiring. It has a maximum segment length of 100 meters (328 feet) and a maximum transmission rate of 100 Mbps. 100Base-TX is one of the Fast Ethernet topologies. It consists of two pairs of Category 5 UTP wiring or Type 1 STP wiring. It has a maximum segment length of 100 meters (328 feet) and a maximum transmission rate of 100 Mbps.

(TRANS Q2-6-10): Which Ethernet standard has the greatest segment distance? Ethernet 1000BaseT Ethernet 100Base -TX Ethernet 100Base -FX Ethernet 100Base -T4

Ethernet 100Base-FX The Fast Ethernet standard 100Base-FX uses fiber-optic cabling, which provides a segment distance of 2,000 meters (1.24 miles) as compared to 100 meters (328 feet) for the 100Base-T4 and 100Base-TX standards. The Gigabit Ethernet standard 1000BaseT has a maximum segment distance of only 100 meters (328 feet).

(TRANS Q2-6-14): You are designing an Ethernet network. The Ethernet specification you select for the network should support a data transmission rate of 100 megabits per second (Mbps) and a maximum cable segment length of 2,000 meters (m). The cable used in the Ethernet specification you select should also be immune to crosstalk. Which Ethernet specifications should you use on the network? Ethernet specification of 10Base2 Ethernet specification of 10BaseT Ethernet specification of 100BaseFX Ethernet specification of 100BaseTX

Ethernet specification of 100BaseFX Of the Ethernet specifications provided, you should use the 100BaseFX specification on the network. The 100BaseFX Ethernet specification uses fiber -optic cable, which is immune to crosstalk because fiber -optic cable transmits light on a glass or plastic cable, rather than transmitting electricity on a copper cable. Crosstalk is electromagnetic interference that can occur between copper wires that are in close proximity. Crosstalk can occur in unshielded twisted -pair (UTP) cables, shielded twisted -pair (STP) cables, coaxial cables, and other types of cable that use copper wire. The 100BaseFX Ethernet specification supports a data transmission rate of 100 Mbps and a maximum cable segment length of 2,000 m. The 10Base2 Ethernet specification uses RG -58 coaxial cable. The 10Base2 Ethernet specification supports a data transmission rate of 10 Mbps and a maximum cable segment length of 185 m. The 10BaseT Ethernet specification supports a data transmission rate of 10 Mbps and a maximum cable segment length of 100 m. The 10BaseT specification requires UTP cable. The 100BaseTX Ethernet specification is a version of Fast Ethernet over either Category 5 (CAT5) UTP cable or Type 1 STP cable. The 100BaseTX Fast Ethernet specification supports a data transmission rate of 100 Mbps and a maximum cable segment length of 100 m.

(LS Section 4_4 Troubleshooting Q18): You are moving a client to a new location within an Ethernet network. Previous to the move, the client system did not have any difficulty accessing the network.During the relocation, you attach a patch cable from the client system to the wall jack and from the patch panel to the switch. Once connected you do not get a link light on the network card or the switch. You swap out the cable running between the patch panel and the switch with a known working one but you can still not connect.Which of the following might you suspect is the problem? Incorrect duplex settings. Failed patch cable between the client system and the wall Jack. Faulty termination. Failed network card. Server software configuration error. Failed switch

Failed patch cable between the client system and the wall Jack. Because the client system previously worked in a different location, the issue is not likely related to the client system. The failure of the NIC and switch LEDs to light indicate that there isn't an end to end connection between the client and the switch. This means that either the patch cable between the wall Jack and the client is faulty or the cable between the patch panel and the switch. The cable connecting the switch and the patch panel was verified leaving the cable run between the wall Jack and the client system.It is unlikely that the issue is a failed network card as the system was functioning in a different location eliminating hardware and software on the client system as the problem. The failure is limited to a connection issue between the single client and a switch, if the switch failed all clients connected to that switch would not be able to connect. Incorrect duplex settings would not prevent NIC and switch LEDs from lighting.

(TRANS Q2-4-2): You have been asked to create several 568A wiring cables for your network. Which color wire should be placed in Pin 1? Green Green/White Orange Orange/White

Green/White Pin 1 in the 568A cable specification should contain the Green/White wire. The 568A specification is shown below: Pin 1 - Green/White Pin 2 - Green in 3 - Orange/White Pin 4 - Blue Pin 5 - Blue/White Pin 6 - Orange Pin 7 - Brown/White Pin 8 - Brown The 568B specification is shown below: Pin 1 - Orange/White Pin 2 - Orange Pin 3 - Green/White Pin 4 - Blue Pin 5 - Blue/White Pin 6 - Green Pin 7 - Brown/White Pin 8 - Brown

(LS Section 1_5 Network Protocol Q06): Which of the following protocols would you use for securely browsing a website? SIP HTTPS SIP ARP UDP

HTTPS HTTPS is a secure form of HTTP that uses SSL to encrypt data before it is transmitted. HTTP is used by Web browsers and Web servers to exchange files (such as Web pages) through the World Wide Web and intranets.SSH is used for secure remote management. UDP is a data transport control protocol that does not include error correction or detection mechanisms. SIP is a protocol used by Voice over IP (VoIP) to set up and terminate phone calls. ARP is used by devices to find the IP address of a device with a known MAC address.

(MMC05Q13): How can an Ethernet bus network prevent reflection? Restrict the number of nodes on the network Reconfigure the nodes to ignore reflection on the wire Install a terminating resistor at each end of the network segment Use twisted pair rather than coaxial cabling

Install a terminating resistor at each end of the network segment To prevent reflections, all Ethernet segments require a terminating resistor connected at each end. This resistor, usually is called a terminator, and absorbs the reflections, thereby enabling the segment to function properly. A CSMA/ CD network using copper cabling will not function properly unless both ends of the network bus cable or terminated with terminating resistors.

(TRANS Q2-5-4): What is one advantage of the dual-ring topology in a FDDI system? It does not require a repeater. It is not limited to a maximum ring length. It can accommodate 1,000 computers per ring. It automatically utilizes the secondary ring if the primary ring fails.

It automatically utilizes the secondary ring if the primary ring fails. Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) is a high -speed LAN standard. It is token -based: the data, either a token or data frame, is sent around the ring until it reaches its destination. FDDI has two rings, so that if one fails the other can take over. FDDI works at high speed and works over long distances.

(TRANS Q2-1-9): What does a cable rated as "plenum" indicate about the cable? It is rated for speeds of 1000 Mbps. It is not Layer 2 protocol -dependent. It cannot be tapped without detection. It will not produce toxic gas when it burns.

It will not produce toxic gas when it burns. A plenum -rated cable will not produce toxic gas when it burns; therefore, it can be used in plenum areas, such as ventilation ducts and other areas that carry breathable air.Non -plenum cables are covered with PVC, which produces toxic gas when it burns. Most fire codes require plenum -rated cable in any area that carries breathable air.

(TRANS Q2-2-7): Which fiber-optic connector is roughly half the size of other fiber-optic connectors? LC SC ST BNC

LC A Lucent Connector (LC) fiber-optic connector is roughly half the size of other fiber-optic connectors. Its smaller form allows for more space in the wiring closet. The SC connector is a square, plug-in connector used with fiber-optic cable. It is a popular choice in 100Base-FX implementations. SC stands for square connector. The SC connector uses a push to snap on and a push to snap off technology. It is larger than an LC connector. The ST connector is a round, bayonet type of connector used with fiber -optic cable, which uses a twist on -twist off technology. The ST stands for straight tip, which refers to the white tip at the end of the connector. It is larger than an LC connector. A BNC connector is used to connect a 10Base2 (ThinNet) cable to a computer or network device. It is not used by fiber-optic cable.

(TRANS Q2-8-1): You need to connect a public line coming into your office with the internal network. Which device should you use? IDF MDF 66 block 110 block

MDF A main distribution frame (MDF) connects the private or public line coming into a building with the internal network.An intermediate distribution frame (IDF) connects internal lines to an MDF. If an MDF were located on the first floor of a building, you would use IDFs on each other floor to connect those networks with the MDF. A 66 block and a 110 block are internal wiring components.A 66 block is used in telephone networks to connect all extensions to a central wiring closet. A 110 block is used in both telephone and data networks to connect all extensions to a central wiring closet. Both types of blocks require that the cable be directly terminated into the device. If the cables are terminated with a jack, such as an RJ-45 connector, a patch panel should be used.

(MMv2C04Q11): Which of the following is NOT a limitation on 10BaseT cable? Maximum speed of 10 Mbps Maximum distance between hub and node of 100 feet Maximum of 1024 nodes per hub Minimum CAT 3 or better UTP with RJ-45 connectors

Maximum distance between hub and node of 100 feet

(TRANS Q2-6-6): What is the maximum length of a network segment using Gigabit Ethernet and 50-micron multimode fiber? Maximum length of 25 meters Maximum length of 100 meters Maximum length of 500 meters Maximum length of 2 kilometers Maximum length of 5 kilometers

Maximum length of 500 meters Gigabit Ethernet has a maximum segment length of 500 meters when 50-micron multimode fiber cable is used. Multimode fiber is optical fiber cable that is designed to carry multiple light rays, or modes, concurrently. Each mode is carried at a slightly different reflection angle within the optical fiber core. Multimode fiber transmission is used for relatively short distances when compared to single-mode fiber. Single mode fiber is designed to carry a single light ray, or mode, and is used for long-distance signal transmission. A single Gigabit Ethernet segment can reach 5 kilometers when single-mode fiber is used. NOTE: When multimode fiber is used, Gigabit Ethernet can use 50-micron or 62.5-micron fiber cable for its transmission medium. It has a maximum segment length of 550 meters (1,804 feet) when 50-micron multimode fiber is used and a maximum segment length of 275 meters (902 feet) when 62.5-micron multimode fiber is used.

(TRANS Q2-3-9): Your Company's WAN connects networks in New York, Atlanta, Dallas, and Boston. Each city is directly connected to every other city. Which physical topology is used for your WAN? Bus Star Ring Mesh

Mesh In a mesh topology, every device has a dedicated connection to every other device using a series of point -to-point connections. In the case of a WAN, a mesh topology connects each individual network to each other network in an intranetwork. This type of topology is very expensive because of its redundant links, but it provides a high level of fault tolerance. Therefore, it is typically seen in a WAN environment where fault tolerance is a major concern.

(TRANS Q2-1-8): What is the main difference in the physical composition of UTP and STP cables? Wire gauge Mesh shielding Number of twists in the wires Separators between the wire pairs

Mesh shielding Shielded twisted -pair (STP) cable is identical to unshielded twisted -pair (UTP) cable except for the shielding that encloses the twisted pairs in STP. This metallic shield protects the cable from interference caused by fluorescent light fixtures, motors, and other electromagnetic interference (EMI) sources. STP cable can be used in any implementation where UTP is used, but it is generally only used when shielding from EMI is required because it is more expensive than UTP cable.

(LS Section 4_4 Troubleshooting Q22): You want to measure the voltage, amps and ohms of various devices which are part of your network. Which of the following tools would you select? Butt set Voltage event recorder Toner Probe Certifier Multimeter

Multimeter A multimeter is a device for testing various electrical properties.A voltage event recorder keeps track of voltage conditions on a power line. Basic recorders simply keep track of the occurrence of under or overvoltage conditions, while more advanced devices track conditions over time and create a graph, saving data from a program running on a computer.A butt set (also called a lineman's handset) is a device used for testing analog telephone installations. The butt set includes an earpiece, mouthpiece, dialing interface, and various connectors. A toner probe is two devices used together to trace the end of a wire from a known endpoint into the termination point in the wiring closet. A cable certifier is a multi-function tool that verifies and validates that a cable or an installation meets the requirements for a specific architecture implementation.

(LS Section 4_4 Troubleshooting Q12): You have a network connected using a physical bus topology. One of the cables connecting a workstation to the bus breaks. Which of the following best describes what happens to network communications? Devices on one side of the break will be able to communicate with the other; devices on the other side of the break will be able to communicate with each other. All devices except the device connected with the drop cable will be able to communicate. All devices will be able to communicate. No devices will be able to communicate. Devices on one side of the break will be able to communicate with each other; devices on the other side will not be able to communicate.

No devices will be able to communicate. A break in the network bus means that the end of the network bus is no longer terminated. For this reason, a break in the bus typically means that no devices can communicate. Identifying the location of the break is difficult on a true bus network.

(LS Section 2_5 Troubleshooting Q09): You are building a new network for a small startup travel services company in Las Vegas. Security is very important so each organization within the company will have its own network segments separated by a router. However, funds are very limited and you have been asked to keep costs to a minimum.You have accepted a used fiber optic switch and want to use it in order to create a fiber optic backbone that interconnects all of the routers. You purchased several use multimode GBIC modules on the Internet that you will install in each router to allow them to connect to the switch.Both the switch and the GBIC module use MT-RJ connectors. You purchased several used 1 meter multimode patch cables from the Internet. However, when they arrived, you notice that they use LC connectors. Fortunately, with some force, you found that you are able to get the LC connectors on the cables to lock into the MT-RJ connectors on the GBIC modules and on the switch.Will this implementation work? No, you should purchase patch cables that use MT-RJ connectors. No, you should use single mode patch cables to connect a GBIC module to the switch. No, a specialized backbone fiber optic switch should be used to create a backbone network for routers. Yes, all of the requirements for implementing a fiber optic network have been met.

No, you should purchase patch cables that use MT-RJ connectors. For light to pass through a fiber optic connector, the fiber within the Jack must line up perfectly with the fiber in the connector. Using the wrong connector will result in misaligned fibers. This will disrupt the light signal, even if you are able to successfully lock the connector into the Jack. In this scenario, you should purchase patch cables that use MT-RJ connectors.

(LS Section 2_5 Troubleshooting Q08): You are building a new network for a small startup financial services company. Security is paramount, so each organization within the company will have its own network segments separated by a router. However, funds are limited, and you have been asked to keep costs to a minimum.You have acquired a used fiber optic switch and want to use it to create a fiber optic backbone that interconnects all of your routers. You purchased several used single mode GBIC modules on the Internet that you will install in each router to allow them to connect to the switch.Both the switch and the GBIC modules use MT-RJ connectors. You connect each module to the switch with 1 meter multimode patch cables.Will this implementation work? No, you shouldn't use multimode patch cables with single mode GBIC modules. No, you should purchase fiber optic equipment that uses FC connectors. No, standard fiber optic switches should not be used to create a backbone network for routers. Yes, all of the requirements for implementing a fiber optic network have been met.

No, you shouldn't use multimode patch cables with single mode GBIC modules. Some GBIC/SFP modules use multimode fiber, while others you single mode. You must use the correct type of fiber optic cable and connector required by the specific adapter. You cannot mix and match different types of cable. In this scenario, connecting a single mode GBIC to multimode fiber will introduce a catastrophic signal loss of up to 99%.

(LS Section 1_4 NetworkBasics Q01): Network signaling is a function of which of the following OSI model layers? Transport layer Network layer Application layer Physical layer

Physical layer network signaling methods are a function of the physical layer (Layer 1) of the OSI model. The purpose of network signaling is to encode binary digital data on the network medium.

(TRANS Q2-4-4): You are creating a crossover cable. You know that each end of the crossover cable must be configured differently. Which pins contain the Blue wire? Pin 3/Pin 1 Pin 6/Pin 2 Pin 4/Pin 4 Pin 5/Pin 5

Pin 4/Pin 4 In a crossover cable, the Blue wire should be in Pin 4 at both ends of the cable. Basically, a crossover cable is wired for the 568A specification at one end and the 568B specification at the other end.

(MMv2C04Q17):What is the first item in a data packet known as? Starter Beginning Preamble Source Address Destination Address

Preamble

(TRANS Q2-2-3): Which connector is used to connect a twisted -pair cable to a computer? ST BNC AUI RJ-45 RJ-11

RJ-45 RJ-45 connectors are used to connect unshielded twisted -pair (UTP) and shielded twisted-pair (STP) cable to hubs, network interface cards (NICs), and various other twisted-pair networking devices. RJ-45 connectors are shaped like RJ-11 connectors, only larger. They use an 8-pin connector housing eight (four pair) wires. Registered Jack (RJ) connectors use a small tab to lock the connector in place. An ST connector is used to connect a fiber-optic cable to a computer or network device. A BNC connector is used to connect a 10Base2 (ThinNet) cable to a computer or network device. An AUI connector connects the external transceiver from a NIC to different media types. An RJ-11 connector is typically used to connect two pairs of UTP wiring to a voice-grade telephone system.

(TRANS Q2-1-7): Which cable and connectors are needed to add a client to an existing 1000BaseT network? (Choose two.) RG-8 cable RG-58 cable ST connectors AUI connectors RJ-45 connectors Twisted-pair cable

RJ-45 connectors Twisted-pair cable To add a client to an existing 1000BaseT network, twisted -pair cable and RJ-45 connectors are needed to connect to the workstation's network interface card (NIC). The type of twisted -pair cabling most likely to be used is Category 5 unshielded twisted -pair (UTP).To add a client to an existing 10Base2 network, RG-58 cable, also known as ThinNet coaxial cable, andBNC connectors are needed to connect to the workstation's network adapter card. RG-8 cable and AUI connectors are used to add a client to an existing 10Base5 (ThickNet) network. ST connectors and fiber -optic cable are used to add a client to a network such as 100Base-FX Fast Ethernet.

(LS Connecting Devices Q02): Which of the following standards is typically used in a rollover cable? RG-58 RG-6 RJ-11 RS-232

RS-232 rollover cable has a serial connector on one end and an RJ-45 connector on the other end. RS-232 is the standard for serial communications .RJ-11 connectors are used for analog telephone lines. RG-6 and RG-58 are coaxial cable standards

(LS Section 4_4 Troubleshooting Q14): You are creating an Ethernet network for your company. The shipping Department is located in a different building that is located 150 meters from the main wiring closet. You connect a single CAT 6e cable to connect the wiring closet to the shipping building. Which of the following should you include in your plan? Spanning Tree Half-duple Shielded twisted-pair Repeater

Repeater A repeater regenerates the signal and removes the unwanted effects caused by a attenuation. Attenuation is the loss of signal strength from one end of the cable to the other. In this example, the distance from the wiring closet to the other building exceeds the 100 meter maximum for Ethernet, so a repeater is necessary to regenerate the signal.Use shielded twisted-pair to protect against electromagnetic interference (EMI). Shielded cables have a metal foil that encloses all of the wires. Some cables might also include a drain wire, which is a bare wire in the middle of the wire bundle that helps to reduce EMI. More expensive cable might also use a metal foil around each pair of wires.The spanning tree protocol runs on switches to prevent switching loops by making only a single path between switches active at a single time. With half-duplex, devices perform collision detection because the transmission medium is shared.

(LS Section 4_4 Troubleshooting Q16): A user from the Sales Department calls to report that he is experiencing problems connecting to the Sales file server. All users in the Sales department connect to the Sales server through a single Ethernet switch. No other users have reported problems connecting to the Sales server.Which of the following troubleshooting actions are you most likely to perform first? Replace the network card in the Sale server. Replace the Ethernet switch in the Sales Department. Reinstall the network card drivers on the Sale server. Replace the network card in the user's computer.

Replace the network card in the user's computer. In this scenario, you are most likely to replace the network card in the user's computer.As there is only one user experiencing a problem, you are unlikely to replace the network card in the server, or replace the Ethernet switch. For the same reason, you are also unlikely to replace the network card drivers on the server. If more than one user or experiencing the problem, any of these options could be a valid troubleshooting step.

(TRANS Q2-3-3): Which physical topology is being used for your network? Bus Star Ring Mesh

Ring A physical ring topology uses multiple cables to connect each device to two other devices, forming a loop, or "ring." In a ring topology, signals generally travel in one direction around the ring as they are passed from one computer to another. If a cable failure occurs, there is a break in the ring, which causes the entire network to stop responding. A Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) network uses a dual-ring physical topology in which one ring is the primary ring, and the secondary ring functions as a backup ring. A bus topology uses a single cable to connect all networked devices. This single cable, also known as a segment, backbone, or trunk, means that a bus topology uses less cabling than other topologies. However, it also means that the entire network will stop responding if a cable failure occurs. A star topology connects all of the nodes, or computers, to a central device such as a hub. The hub has a connection port for each node. This arrangement minimizes the risk of failure of the entire network. For example, if one node on the network fails, only that node will be impacted by the failure. All other nodes on the network will continue to operate. In a mesh topology, every device has a dedicated connection to every other device using a series of point -to -point connections. This makes the mesh topology very expensive, but it creates several possible signal paths, providing a high level of fault tolerance.

(LS Connecting Devices Q07): You have purchased a new router that you need to configure. You need to connect a workstation to the router's console port to complete the configuration tasks. Which type of cable would you most likely use? Rollover Crossover RG-6 Straight-through

Rollover Use a rollover cable to connect a workstation to the console port of a router or switch. The rollover cable has an RJ-45 connector on one end to connect to the console port, and a serial connector on the other end to connect to the serial port of the workstation. You then run a terminal emulation program on the workstation to connect to the console of the router or switch to perform configuration and management tasks.Use a straight through or crossover Ethernet cable to connect devices using the Ethernet RJ-45 ports. An RG-6 cable is a coaxial cable.

(LS Section 1_5 NetworkProtocol Q02): Your company has just acquired another company in the same city. You are given the task of integrating the two email systems so that messages can be exchanged between the email servers. However, each network uses an email package from a different vendor.Which TCP/IP protocol will enable messages to be exchanged between systems? POP3 ICMP FTP IMAP4 SMTP

SMTP The Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) specifies how messages are exchanged between email servers. POP3 and IMAP4 are used by email clients to download email messages from email services. FTP is a file transfer protocol. And ICMP is used in paying and trace route for communicating network communications information.

(MMv2C04Q15): What feature of switches prevents the problem of bridge loops? STP TCP/IP IEEE 802.3 UTP

STP Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) prevents bridge loops. STP also stands for shielded twisted pair, so it is important to know the context in which the acronym is being used.

(LS Specifications Q04): Your network file is the 100BaseTX specifications for Fast Ethernet. What is the maximum cable segment length allowed? Segment length of 100 meters Segment length of 1,000 meters Segment length of 500 meters Segment length of 412 meters Segment length of 2,000 meters

Segment length of 100 meters Fast Ethernet using twisted pair cables (either 100BaseT4 or 100BaseTX) has a maximum segment length of 100 meters. Keep in mind, for exam purposes as well, that all Ethernet networks that use twisted pair cable (Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, and Gigabit Ethernet) have a distance limitation of 100 meters per segment

(LS Specifications Q03): Your network follows the 100BaseFX specifications for Fast Ethernet, and uses half duplex, multimode cable. What is the maximum cable segment length allowed? Segment length of 100 meters Segment length of 412 meters Segment length of 550 meters Segment length of 1,000 meters Segment length of 2,000 meters

Segment length of 412 meters For 100BaseFX, half duplex, multimode cable has a maximum segment length of 412 meters. 1000BaseSX and 1000BaseLX support multimode cable up to 550 meters. 10BaseFL fiber-optic cable between 1,000 and 2,000 meters.

(LS Connecting Devices Q01): Which of the following connectors is typically used on one end of a rollover cable? Serial SC LC ST BNC F-type

Serial A rollover cable has a serial connector on one end and an RJ-45 connector on the other end. Alternatively, it might have an RJ-45 connector on both ends, and a serial converter is used to convert from the RJ-45 connector to a serial connector. BNC and F-type connectors are used with coaxial cables. ST, SC, and LC connectors are used with fiber optic cables.

(LS Specifications Q12): You want to implement an Ethernet network at very long distances using fiber optic cables. Which standard and cable types would you choose? (There are two possible answers here. Select two answers only. You must have both answers correct for credit. There is no partial credit for this question). Multimode fiber Single Mode fiber 1000BaseSX 1000BaseCX 1000BaseLX

Single Mode fiber 1000BaseLX Of the standards listed in this question,1000BaseLX provides the greatest cable length. (Again, try to think of L in 1000BaseLX as "long"). When using long distances for fiber-optic you should then use single mode fiber. Multimode fiber is cheaper but has a shorter maximum distance than single mode fiber. 1000BaseSX is for short fiber optic, and 1000BaseCX uses short copper within a wiring closet.

(LS Section 4_4 Troubleshooting Q15): Users report that the Internet is no longer accessible. You suspect that the line connecting your building to the Internet is not working properly.Which of the following allows the service provider to remotely test the local loop? Smart Jack Demarc Demarc extension. Horizontal crossconnect. Loopback plug

Smart Jack A smart jack is a special loopback plug installed at the demarcation point for a WAN service. Technicians at the central office can send diagnostic commands to the smart plug to test connectivity between the central office and the demarc.A smart jack is similar to a loopback plug; however, the loopback plug must be manually inserted into a jack to test the line, while the smart jack is a special plug that includes loopback support and can be used for remote testing of a local loop. With a smart jack, technicians can diagnose the local loop without visiting your location.The demarcation point (demac) is the line that marks the boundary between the telco equipment and the private network or telephone system. A demarc extension extends the demarcation point from its original location to another location within the building. A horizontal crossconnect connects wiring closets on the same floor.

(MMv2C04Q09): What is a valuable network tool that can be used to examine all frames on the network, regardless of their intended recipient? Repeater Media converter STP Sniffer

Sniffer

(TRANS Q2-6-11): What is the transmission speed of the Speed of 1 Mbps Speed of 10 Mbps Speed of 100 Mbps Speed of 1,000 Mbps

Speed of 100 Mbps The IEEE 802.3u standard is known as Fast Ethernet because of its 100 Mbps transmission speed, which is faster than the previous 10 Mbps Ethernet standard. The 'u' refers to the 100 Mbps transmission speed. The 802.3z IEEE standard (Gigabit Ethernet) has an even faster rate of data transmission. It transmits at 1,000 Mbps. The Ethernet naming scheme identifies the transmission speed of the standard. Also included in the name is the type of signaling band that is used, as well as the network medium. For example, the 10BaseF name can be broken down as follows: * 10 = 10 Mbps* * Base = baseband signaling * F = fiber -optic cabling Common 10 Mbps 802.3 Ethernet standards include 10Base2, 10Base5, 10BaseT, and 10BaseF. Common 100 Mbps 802.3u Fast Ethernet standards include 100Base-TX, 100Base-T4, and 100Base-FX. Common 1,000 Mbps 802.3z Gigabit Ethernet standards include 1000Base-SX, 1000Base-LX, 1000Base-CX, and 1000BaseT.

(TRANS Q2-3-1): Which network topology terminates each node's connection in a hub or switch, thus reducing the risk of complete failure of the network should a single node fail? Bus Star Ring Mesh

Star A star topology connects all of the nodes, or computers, to a central device such as a hub. The hub has a connection port for each node. This arrangement minimizes the risk of failure of the entire network. For example, if one node on the network fails, only that node will be impacted by the failure. All other nodes on the network will continue to operate. A 100BaseT network uses a star topology. A bus topology uses a single cable to connect all networked devices. This single cable, also known as a segment, backbone, or trunk, means that a bus topology uses less cabling than other topologies. However, it also means that the entire network will stop responding if a cable failure occurs. A ring topology uses multiple cables to connect each device to two other devices, forming a loop, or "ring." In a ring topology, signals generally travel in one direction around the ring as they are passed from one computer to another. If a cable failure occurs, there is a break in the ring, which causes the entire network to stop responding. In a mesh topology, every device has a dedicated connection to every other device using a series of point-to-point connections. This makes the mesh topology very expensive, but it creates several possible signal paths, providing a high level of fault tolerance.

(TRANS Q2-3-11): What is the physical topology of the IEEE 802.5 standard? Bus Ring Mesh Star

Star The IEEE 802.5 standard, known as Token Ring, functions as a logical ring but uses a physical star topology. Like an Ethernet star topology, a Token Ring network uses a central device to connect all the network devices. This device is known as a multistation access unit (MAU). Typically, either UTP or STP twisted -pair cabling, using RJ -45 connectors, links computers to the MAU.

(LS Connecting Devices Q04): You need to connect a workstation to a switch using a regular port on the switch (not an uplink port). The switch does not support auto-MDI. Which type of cable should you use? Loopback Crossover Rollover Straight-through

Straight-through You would use a straight through cable to connect a workstation or router to a regular switch port. Use a crossover cable, to connect the workstation to the uplink port. You would use a rollover cable to connect the workstation to the console port of the switch. Finally, you would use a loopback plug to allow a workstation to communicate with itself through its own network adapter.

(TRANS Q2-5-3): Your Company consists of 75 employees. Your company has entered into a partnership with another company that is located across the country. Your company's users must be able to connect to the partner's network quickly and reliably. Support for voice, data, and imaging transmissions and a dedicated 24 -hour link are required. Your solution must be as inexpensive as possible while providing enough bandwidth for your company's employees.What should you implement? T1 ATM FDDI ISDN POTS

T1 T1 lines can provide fast, digital connections of up to 1.544 Mbps, transmitting voice, data, and video. A T1 line also provides a dedicated connection, which means that it provides a 24 -hour link. A T1 line is more expensive than a dial -up connection using Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS) or an Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) connection, but this company needs enough bandwidth to accommodate its 75 users, which justifies the additional cost. If the full bandwidth of the T1 proves too costly or unnecessary, fractional T1 is available. With a fractional T1, you can subscribe to one or more of the 24 available channels at a lower cost than T1. Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) is a high -speed, cell -switching link type transmitting up to 2,488 Mbps. ATM requires expensive equipment to implement. Therefore, it is a costly alternative and is typically used by Internet backbones. Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) is a high -speed, Token Ring network that uses fiber-optic cable transmitting up to 100 Mbps. Although it does offer speed, it is limited to a ring distance of 100 kilometers, or 62 miles. Even if distance were not a factor, the fiber medium makes this alternative too costly. Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) provides a direct, point-to-point digital connection at a speed of up to 2 Mbps. Usually, speeds of 128 Kbps are seen with ISDN. However, because it is a dial -up connection, it would not provide a dedicated 24 -hour link. Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS) uses standard telephone wiring, which makes it a low -cost solution, but it would not offer the fast connection desired, nor would it offer a dedicated 24 -hour link, as it is a dial -up connection.

(MMv2C04Q10): For what purpose is a crimping tool used? To splice a 10BaseT cable with a 10BaseFL cable. To attach an RJ-45 connector to a UTP cable. To attach a 10BaseT cable to a media converter. To connect two hubs together.

To attach an RJ-45 connector to a UTP cable.

(LS Specifications Q06): Which of the following are requirements of the 1000BaseT Ethernet standards? (Select three answers only. Two of the answers have been selected for you. Those answers are B and D. Which is the other missing third answer? SC or ST connectors CAT 5e cabling Fiber Optic Cable RJ-45 connectors The cable length must be less than or equal to 100 meters the cable length must be less than or equal to 1000 meters

The cable length must be less than or equal to 100 meters is the missing answer Gigabit Ethernet (1000BaseT) has similar requirements to 100BaseT with connectors, cabling, and distances. The network cards are simply designed to transfer data 10 times as fast.

(LS Section 2_5 Troubleshooting Q11): While viewing the status of the interfaces on a Cisco switch, you see an abnormally large number of oversized Ethernet frames being received on an interface. This interface is connected to a workstation located on the second floor.What could be causing this to happen? A strong EMI emitter near the cable that connects the workstation to the interface. Collisions between two or more network hosts are occurring. Two hosts on the network have the same MAC address An incorrect subnet mask has been configured on the workstation. The workstations network board is jabbering.

The workstations network board is jabbering. Frames that are too long are typically caused by a faulty network card that jabber's (constantly sending garbage data)On a hub-based Ethernet network, these errors could possibly be caused by collisions. However, because a switch is being used in this scenario, collisions cannot occur. EMI or crosstalk on the UTP cabling would cause corrupted frames and result in CRC errors. Oversized frame errors are Layer 1 errors. Duplicate MAC addresses would result in a Layer 2 error. Incorrect protocol or IP addressing configurations would result in Layer 3 errors.

(TRANS Q2-7-10): What is a characteristic of clients? They are only allowed to request services. They are only allowed to provide services. They are allowed to request and provide services. They are not allowed to request or provide services.

They are only allowed to request services Clients are service requesters and can only request services. On server -centric networks, clients request services from the network servers. The servers then validate the requests and provide the requested services to the clients. Clients also present data to users.Servers are service providers, and can only provide services.Peers are both service requesters and service providers.

(TRANS Q2-4-5): You have several devices that need to be directly connected. You need to determine how many crossover cables you need. The connections are as follows: Connection 1 - two computers with legacy network interface cards (NICs) Connection 2 - two legacy hubs Connection 3 - a legacy switch and an MDIX -compliant switch Connection 4 - two MDIX -compliant switches How many crossover cables do you need? One crossover cable Two crossover cables Three crossover cables Four crossover cables

Three crossover cables You will need three crossover cables for the given connections. Crossover cables physically perform the crossover function when connecting two devices. A crossover cable should be used when connecting legacy NICs, hubs, and switches.An MDIX -compliant switch will perform the crossover function internally. A crossover cable is not required when two MDIX -compliant devices are attached, but both devices must be MDIX - compliant. In a crossover cable, each end of the crossover cable is configured differently.

(TRANS Q2-1-3): You must propose a cabling scheme for your company's new location. Several departments are located on the same floor with a maximum distance of 61 meters (200 feet) between departments. You want a relatively easy, low -cost installation with simple connections.Which type of cabling would you propose? ThinNet ThickNet Fiber-optic Twisted-pair

Twisted-pair Twisted-pair cabling is the least expensive cabling media. Because unshielded twisted -pair (UTP) is commonly used in telephone systems, it is mass -produced, making it inexpensive and widely available. In addition, twisted -pair cabling is very easy to work with, meaning that very little training is required for its installation.As in telephone systems, twisted -pair cabling uses Registered Jack (RJ) connectors to connect cables to components. Computer networks use the larger RJ -45 connectors, which are very similar to the commonly known RJ -11 connectors used in telephone systems; this adds to the simplicity of installing twisted -pair.Twisted -pair has a maximum length of 100 meters (328 feet), which will work for the company in the scenario because the offices are located within 61 meters (200 feet) of each other. It is important to note that twisted -pair is the networking -cable type most susceptible to attenuation, which is why its maximum distance is 100 meters (328 feet).

(LS Specifications Q05): What type of cabling is used with 100BaseTX Fast Ethernet networks? Type 1A STP or Category 5 UTP Type 5 STP or Category 1 UTP Category 3 UTP, Category 4 UTP, or Category 5 UTP None of the above

Type 1A STP or Category 5 UTP

(LS Section 4_4 Troubleshooting Q21): You are troubleshooting a connectivity problem in which one client system is unable to connect to a server. Both the server and the client system are connected to the same Ethernet network switch. No other users have complained of a problem, and you suspect that faulty network cabling might be the issue here.Which of the following troubleshooting steps are you most likely to perform first? Use a punch down tool to test the network cable between the computer system and the network switch. Use a media tester to test the cable between the computer system in a network switch. Use a wire crimper to ensure that the cable ends are still fully attached to the cable between both the computer and the network switch, and between the network switch and the server system. Use a tone generated to test the network cables between the computer and the network switch, and between the network switch and the server system. Use a media tester to test the cable between the network switch and the server system.

Use a media tester to test the cable between the computer system in a network switch. A media tester is a hardware device that can be used to verify the correct operation of network cabling. In this scenario, because no other systems are having problems connecting to the server, you are most likely to use the media tester to check the cable between the client system and the network switch.A punch down tool is used to connect network cabling to physical endpoints such as sockets and demarcation points. You would not use it to test a suspected faulty cable. A tone generator is used to locate network cables. Successful use of a tone generated does not necessarily indicate that the cable is functioning correctly. You might use a wire crimper to repair a cable, but you would not use it to locate a fault cable.

(TRANS Q2-4-1): You are wiring a small office for a client. The client has purchased several 568A and 568B wall jacks and enough 568A wiring cables to attach all devices correctly. You want to configure the network for ease of administration.What should you do? Use only the 568A wall jacks. Use only the 568B wall jacks. Use both the 568A and 568B wall jacks. Purchase 568B wiring cables.

Use only the 568A wall jacks. You should use only 568A wall jacks. Both the 568A and 568B wiring specifications will work for a network configuration. However, you must use the same specification throughout your network. Because the client has purchased enough 568A wiring cables to attach all devices correctly, you should choose to use the 568A wiring scheme.You should not use only the 568B wall jacks. Because the client has purchased 568A wiring cables, you should use wall jacks that use the 568A specification.You should not use both the 568A and 568B wall jacks. The same specification should be used throughout your network configuration.You should not purchase 568B wiring cables. You have 568A wiring cables that can be used. It is not necessary to purchase more cables.

(TRANS Q2-6-7): Which technique could you use to secure communications between network segments sending order - status data via the Internet? VPN VLAN Extranet Certificate server

VPN A virtual private network (VPN) is not a physical network. In a VPN, a public network such as the Internet is used to allow secure communication between companies that are not located together. A VPN transports encrypted data. VPNs use what is known as a tunneling protocol for the secure transfer of data via the Internet. A common tunneling protocol for this purpose is Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP). The term "tunnel" refers to how the information is privately sent. Data being sent is encapsulated into what are called network packets. Packets are encrypted from where they originate before they are sent via the Internet. The information travels in an encrypted, or non -readable, form. Once the information arrives at its destination, it is decrypted. By using a VPN, a company avoids the expense of leased lines for secure communication, but instead can use public networks to transfer data in a secure way. Client computers can connect to the VPN by dial-up, DSL, ISDN, or cable modems.

(TRANS Q2-5-7): What is the advantage of using wireless bridges over E1/T1 leased lines? Wireless bridges generate less noise than E1/T1 lines. Wireless bridges support higher bandwidth than E1/T1. Wireless bridges support more distance than E1/T1 lines. Wireless bridges support higher reliability than E1/T1 lines.

Wireless bridges support higher bandwidth than E1/T1. The advantage of wireless bridges over E1/T1 lines is that wireless bridges support higher bandwidth than E1/T1 lines, and E1/T1 lines tend to be more expensive in the long term.Wireless bridges provide connectivity between two geographically separated LANs. These bridges are designed to provide outdoor deployments for connecting two or more remote locations. These bridges can be deployed for either point -to -point or point-to-multipoint wireless local area networks (WLANs). Wireless bridges can be deployed to interconnect two remote locations, up to a distance of 25 miles (40.2 Kms), with the integration of high -gain antennas. A wireless bridge products support a maximum of 54 Mbps of bandwidth.The disadvantage of using wireless bridging is that you need line-of-sight between the installation sites to provide WLAN connectivity.

(MMC05Q16): What kind of connection does a 10Base5 NIC provide to connect to an external transceiver? a 15-pin female DB connection called an AUI a 9-pin female DB connection called an RS232 an RJ-45 connector

a 15-pin female DB connection called an AUI The 10Base5 cabling standard strictly defines how nodes connect to the segment. Unlike nodes in many other cabling systems, 10Base5 nodes do not connect directly to the bus cable. Instead, 10Base5 NICs use a 15 pin female DB connector, which is called an AUI connector to connect to an external transceiver.

(TRANS Q2-7-9): Mary has opened a file from the network using a computer on a 15 node network. As a part of this process, her computer formats the file so that the file can be presented to her in an interface that will allow her to view the file's contents. However, her computer does not process the actual fileWhich type of computer is Mary using on this network? a file server a print server a peer computer a client computer

a client computer This scenario describes a server-centric network where computers acting as clients request resources from the network servers. These resources may be file requests, print requests, or storage requests. Clients typically perform several functions in a network. They format the data so that it can be presented; they provide an interface for viewing data contents; and finally, they present the data. However, clients do not process network requests. Processing network requests is a function of the network servers.Server, client, and workstation are terms commonly used in conjunction with a server -centric network. However, peer is a term used with another broad network category, which is a peer -to - peer network. Peer -to -peer networks are small networks usually consisting of no more than ten computers.

(TRANS Q2-2-2): Which connection scenario would use an RJ-11 connector? an external transceiver to a NIC a modem to a telephone wall jack a twisted -pair cable to a computer a coaxial cable to a network router

a modem to a telephone wall jack An RJ -11 connector connects the serial (RS -232) wire from a modem to the telephone wall jack. The RJ -11 connector is a common telephone connector that uses four wires.A Registered Jack (RJ) connector uses a small tab to lock the connector in place.An external transceiver connects to a network interface card (NIC) with an AUI connector.A twisted -pair cable connects to a computer with an RJ -45 connector.A coaxial cable connects to a network router with a BNC connector.

(TRANS Q2-7-2): You need to implement an independent network within your private LAN. Only users in the Research and Development department should be able to access the independent network. The solution must be hardware based. Which type of network should you deploy? a virtual private network (VPN) a virtual local area network (VLAN) a demilitarized zone (DMZ) an extranet

a virtual local area network (VLAN) You should deploy a VLAN. This type of network can be used to ensure that internal access to other parts of the network is controlled and restricted. A VLAN is usually created using a switch. VLANs provide a layer of protection against sniffers and can also decrease broadcast traffic. Creating a VLAN is much simpler than using firewalls or implementing a virtual private network (VPN).A VPN is a private network that is implemented over a public network, such as the Internet. A DMZ or screened subnet is a subnet on a LAN that is screened from the private network using firewalls and contains the publicly accessed servers, such as a Web server. An extranet is a secure network connection through the Internet that is designed for business -to -business communications.

(TRANS Q2-2-1): The network that you administer uses fiber-optic cable on the network backbone. A device connects to the backbone by using a barrel connector that has pins on the female connector. The female connector fits into slots in a rotating coupling collar on the male connector. The coupling collar is then twisted slightly to seat the pins in the slots. Which connector is being used? an SC connector an SMA 905 connector an SMA 906 connector an ST connector

an ST connector An ST connector is being used to connect the device to the fiber -optic backbone on the network that you administer.To connect a fiber -optic ST connector, the coupling collar on the male connector, which is the connector with the exposed fiber -optic cable, fits over the pins on the female connector. The coupling collar is then twisted slightly to seat the pins on the female connector into the slots.SMA 905 and SMA 906 fiber -optic connectors resemble the threaded connectors that are used on household coaxial cable. The male connector has a threaded coupling collar that attaches to the female connector. An SC connector is a square fiber -optic connector. The male SC connector has tabs that lock into slots on the female SC connector.

(MMC05Q10): What kind of channel access method is CSMA/CD? deterministic proprietary chaotic assigned

chaotic Since there can be collisions on a CSMA/CD network, chaotic would be the best kind of description from the choices presented

(TRANS Q2-1-5): Which cable type consists of an inner conductor core made of solid copper surrounded by insulation, a braided metal shielding, a second conductor, and an outer cover? coaxial fiber -optic shielded twisted -pair unshielded twisted -pair

coaxial Coaxial cable has two conductors. These two conductors share the same axis, providing the derivation of the name "coaxial." The inner conductor is covered by foam insulation. This insulation is covered by a braided metal shielding that protects the signal from crosstalk. A second conductor covers the shielding, which is covered by a non -conducting plastic encasement, providing protection for the cable.Coaxial cable comes in two varieties: ThinNet and ThickNet. ThinNet cable is .64 centimeters (.25 inches) thick and carries signals up to 185 meters (607 feet). ThickNet is 1.27 centimeters (.5 inches) thick and carries signals up to 500 meters (1,640 feet).

(TRANS Q2-6-5): Which type of cable is used in a 1000Base -LX or 1000Base -SX network? UTP STP coaxial fiber optic

fiber optic The 1000Base-SX and 1000Base-LX standards use fiber optic cable. They are Gigabit Ethernet technologies. 1000Base-SX uses multi-mode fiber optic cable. 1000Base-LX uses single-mode or multi-mode fiber optic cable. 1000Base-SX and 1000Base-LX do not use unshielded twisted pair (UTP), shielded twisted pair (STP), or coaxial cable. 1000Base -CX uses shielded twisted pair (STP) cable for short-haul cable runs.

(TRANS Q2-1-4): Which type of network media is the least susceptible to interference or signal capture? coaxial fiber -optic shielded twisted -pair unshielded twisted -pair

fiber-optic Fiber-optic cable carries its signals in the form of modulated pulses of light. Because fiber -optic uses light pulses rather than electric signals, it is virtually impossible to intercept the signal without interrupting it and, thus, being detected.In addition, fiber -optic cable is not susceptible to interference. It can span distances of up to 2 kilometers, or 2,000 meters (6,562 feet), and transmit data at a rate in excess of 100 Mbps. However, fiber -optic cable is the most expensive type of networking cable.

(TRANS Q2-8-2): What is another term for a horizontal cross-connect? backbone wiring main cross-connect floor distributor transition point

floor distributor A horizontal cross-connect is also known as a floor distributor. It is part of the horizontal wiring in a network. Horizontal wiring includes the cabling between the communication outlet and the floor distributor in the wiring closet, the communications outlet, an optional consolidation or transition point, and the horizontal cross-connect itself. Horizontal wiring runs below the floor or above the ceiling. Backbone wiring is also known as vertical wiring. Vertical wiring runs from the communications closet to equipment rooms on the same floor, from floor to floor, or between buildings. The main cross-connect is usually the communications closet. It is the central location from which all vertical wiring originates. A transition point is also known as a consolidation point. It is an optional component in horizontal wiring.

(TRANS Q2-4-6): You need to create a cable that will allow you to get a link light on your network interface card (NIC) when the NIC is not plugged into a hub or switch.Which type of cable should you use? crossover cable loopback cable straight -through cable rollover cable

loopback cable You should use a loopback cable. A loopback cable is used to test the network function of the NIC by allowing it to send and receive network communication with itself.A crossover cable connects two legacy or non -MDIX compliant devices, such as two computers, two hubs, or two switches.A patch cable and a straight -through cable are the same thing. This is the standard cable used to connect networking devices.You should not use a rollover cable. A rollover cable connects the console port on any Cisco device. The pin configuration for a rollover cable is easy to remember because of the cable name. The cable pin configuration is "rolled over" so that pin 1 on end 1 is pin 8 on the other, pin 2 on end 1 is pin 7 on the other, and so on until a complete reversal is made. The wires are in reverse order on opposite ends.

(TRANS Q2-8-3): You are installing the wiring for a small office. You want to connect the fifty computers in the office to the switch. The Cat6 cables that you plan to use have RJ -45 connectors on both ends. Which component should you use? 66 block 110 block patch panel demarcation extension

patch panel You should use a patch panel to connect the fifty computers in the office to the switch using Cat6 cables with RJ-45 connectors on both ends.You should not use a 66 block or 110 block because these devices require that the cable be directly terminated into the device. If the cables are terminated with a jack, such as an RJ-45 connector, a patch panel should be used.You should not use a demarcation extension. A demarcation extension is used to extend a leased line from its original demarcation point. For example, suppose your network was located in a suite on the 48th floor of a building and that the Internet Service Provider (ISP) technician connected your leased T1 line demarcation to a central wiring closet located near the elevator shaft. If you needed to connect your suite to that demarcation point, a demarcation extension should be used.

(MMv2C04Q16): Which are two valid ways that using frames helps move data along a network? Select two answers only. prevents any single computer from monopolizing the cable makes the retransmission of lost data more efficient provides an IP address for the destination computer does not provide the MAC address of the sending computer.

prevents any single computer from monopolizing the cable makes the retransmission of lost data more efficient Ethernet frames, also called packets, (1) prevent any single computer from monopolizing the cable, and (2) make the retransmission of lost data more efficient.

(TRANS Q2-7-4): What is another term for a demilitarized zone (DMZ)? screened host screened subnet dual -homed firewall virtual private network (VPN)

screened subnet A screened subnet is another term for a demilitarized zone (DMZ). Two firewalls are used in this configuration: one firewall resides between the public network and DMZ, and the other resides between the DMZ and private network. A DMZ is a separate network segment that contains Internet -accessible servers, which is separated from the Internet and the rest of the private network by a firewall. A system administrator would deploy a Web server on a DMZ if the Web server needed to be separated from other networked servers. The general standpoint behind a DMZ is that all the systems on the DMZ can be compromised because the DMZ can be accessed from the Internet. An e-mail server and FTP server could also be located on a DMZ. If you locate the e-mail server on the private network, you could place an e -mail proxy on the DMZ. An extranet is similar to a DMZ, but is only accessible to partners or clients. Firewall architectures include bastion hosts, dual -homed firewalls, screened hosts, and screened subnets. A screened host is a firewall that resides between the router that connects a network to the Internet and the private network. The router acts as a screening device, and the firewall is the screen host. A dual-homed firewall is one that has two network interfaces: one interface connects to the Internet, and the other connects to the private network. A virtual private network (VPN) is not a physical network. As its name implies, it is a virtual network that allows users connecting over the Internet to access private network resources while providing the maximum level of security. An encrypted VPN connection should be used to ensure the privacy and integrity of data that is transmitted between entities over a public network, whether those entities are clients, servers, firewalls, or other network hardware. A VPN can use a tunneling protocol, such as IPSec. process, her computer formats the file so that the file can be presented to her in an interface that will allow her to view the file's contents. However, her computer does not process the actual file request.

(TRANS Q2-6-12): Which physical topology do 100BaseT networks use? bus star mesh ring

star The Fast Ethernet 100BaseT standard is built using a physical star topology. In a star topology, computers are connected by unshielded twisted -pair (UTP) cables to a centralized point, which is typically a hub or switch. While this requires more cabling than a bus topology, this centralized connection makes troubleshooting and reconfiguring the network relatively easy. Should a cable failure occur, only that cable will experience a disruption, rather than the entire network, making the problem easy to pinpoint. Because all of the cables connect at a central point, it is easy to add to or change the network configuration.

(MMC05Q08): With an IP network, the data portion of the Ethernet frame will include all of the following except the data being sent sequencing numbers the IP addresses of the sending and receiving systems the length of the data being transmitted

the length of the data being transmitted The data part of the frame contains whatever data the frame carries. If this is an IP network, it will include extra information, such as the IP addresses of both systems, sequencing numbers, and other information as well as data. It does not contain the length of the data being transmitted

(MMC05Q03): The Ethernet family of networking topologies share all of the following except ___________. the same logical bus topology the same frame type the same kind of cabling the same network access method

the same kind of cabling Ethernet today is not a single network technology, but rather a standard for a family of networking technologies that share the same basic bus topology, frame type, and network access method

(TRANS Q2-7-11): What is the primary purpose of a domain controller? to provide fault tolerance for UNIX and Linux Web servers to provide fault tolerance for Windows 2000 and Windows NT Web servers j to provide user authentication for UNIX and Linux server -based systems to provide user authentication for Windows 2000, 2003, and 2008 server -based systems

to provide user authentication for Windows 2000, 2003, and 2008 server -based systems Domain controllers provide user authentication for Windows 2000, 2003, and 2008 server -based networks. NetWare, Linux and UNIX server -based networks do not use domain controllers.Domain controllers must be readily available to validate login requests. Windows NT systems use a primary domain controller (PDC) and one or more backup domain controllers (BDCs) to validate login requests. BDCs are used to provide fault tolerance for login requests and to speed the logon process for remote clients.Domain controllers are not used for fault tolerance on Web servers.Windows 2000 no longer differentiates between PDCs and BDCs. All domain controllers act as peers. There are no longer master domain controllers. There is no single point of failure.In Windows NT, the PDC is in charge of the Security Accounts Manager (SAM) database, which contains the user -account records for the entire domain. A synchronized copy of the SAM database is also kept on the BDC.

(TRANS Q2-6-13): Which type of cable does a 100BaseT network use? coaxial drop cables fiber -optic unshielded twisted -pair

unshielded twisted -pair The 100BaseT standard is based on the IEEE 802.3 standard, which specifies an Ethernet network using twisted -pair cabling with RJ -45 connectors, a maximum segment length of 100 meters (328 feet), and a maximum of 1,024 computers for each LAN. 100BaseT normally uses unshielded twisted -pair (UTP), but can use shielded twisted -pair (STP). UTP is the least expensive network - cabling medium; however, it is also the most susceptible to crosstalk. If crosstalk is a major concern, it is best to use STP