12.1 Earth's Oceans

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The third largest ocean

Indian Ocean

The largest ocean

Pacific Ocean

What is happening as the rivers and streams flow toward the oceans?

Rivers and streams dissolve minerals from rocks and soil, which they carry to the ocean.

71%

The amount of the earth's surface that is covered in water

Water cycle

The continuous movement of water from the ocean to the atmosphere to the land and back to the ocean.

At this level, the ocean water is very cold and dense; it moves slowly across the ocean floor and forms deep ocean currents

deep zone

deep zone

deepest layer of ocean water

The term that refers to all the oceans on Earth and what divides it into five parts

global ocean, divided into five parts by the continents

thermocline

layer just beneath the surface zone

Salt is called...

sodium chloride

At this level, ocean water temperature is fairly uniform. The ocean water is heated by energy from the sun, convection currents form as heated, less dense water rises above the cooler, denser water.

surface zone

surface zone

top layer of ocean water

salinity

A measure of the amount of dissolved salts in a given amount of liquid

The ocean that extends from the coast of Antarctica to 60*S latitude

Antarctic Ocean also called Southern Ocean

The smallest ocean

Arctic Ocean

The second largest ocean

Atlantic Ocean

Parts of the ocean along the equator...

... are warmer because they receive more direct sunlight per year than areas closer to the poles.

Coastal water in cooler, more humid places...

... have a lower salinity.

Coastal water in places with hotter drier climate...

...have a higher salinity.

Parts of the water cycle

1. Evaporation, 2. Condensation, 3. Precipitation.

The five oceans

1. Pacific, 2. Atlantic, 3. Indian, 4. Arctic, 5. Antarctic also called the Southern.

Temperature zones in the ocean

1. Surface zone, 2. Thermocline, 3. Deep zone.


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