1222 final prep Exam 1

A child has been diagnosed with febrile seizures. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the parent teaching session? -"Whenever your child develops a fever, place him in a warm bath and pour the water over his arms and legs." -"It should be comforting to know that most children outgrow the febrile seizures by the time they reach 6 years of age." -"it is important that your child have not more seizures to prevent him from experiencing permanent injury to his brain." -"Make sure to give your child high dosages of acetaminophen whenever his temperature goes above 104. F"

"It should be comforting to know that most children outgrow the febrile seizures by the time they reach 6 years of age."

Nursing Management of patient with RSV includes (select all that apply) -Administer oxygen -Decongestants -albuterol -Suction nose -Steriods

-Administer oxygen -albuterol -Suction nose

Select all the physical assessment findings that are associated with Down Syndrome. -Clinodactyly -Moist Skin -Enlarged anterior fontanel -Epicanthal folds -Hypotonia -Tall Stature -High-arched narrow palate

-Clinodactyly -Enlarged anterior fontanel -Epicanthal folds -Hypotonia -High-arched narrow palate *everything but moist skin and tall stature

The nurse is caring for a 10-month-old infant with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis. Which interventions should be included in the child's care (Select all that apply)? -Institute cluster care to encourage adequate rest. -Answer Encourage infant to drink 8 ounces of formula every 4 hours. -Administer cough syrup. -Place on noninvasive oxygen monitoring. -Administer antibiotics.

-Institute cluster care to encourage adequate rest. -Answer Encourage infant to drink 8 ounces of formula every 4 hours. -Place on noninvasive oxygen monitoring.

Assessment findings in a child with Laryngotracheitis include (select all that apply) -Lower airway obstruction -Respiratory Distress -Stridor -Drooling -Thick nasal secretions -Upper airway obstruction

-Respiratory Distress -Stridor -Drooling -Upper airway obstruction

TICLS is an acronym used in Pediatric assessment please describe what TICLS represents.

-Used in determining the appearance of a child (in the Pediatric Assessment Triangle) *TICLS: -Tone -Instructiveness -Consolability -Look/Gaze -Speech/Cry

Medications that can be used to treat severe Laryngotracheitis (Croup) include (select all that apply) -oxygen -nebulized epinephrine -albuterol -dexamethasone

-oxygen -nebulized epinephrine -dexamethasone

List a laboratory diagnostic test that can be used to identify Down Syndrome prenatally _______________ .

alpha-fetoprotein in maternal serum

Describe pediatric variations you will include on the following Pediatric Head -Toe Assessments. Use ATI PN Chapter 2-7 Infant Preschool Age Adolescent

need a shorter answer, included for reference

Please match the pathogen with the disorder RSV Croup Epiglottis -HIB -Bronchiolitis -Parainfluenza virus type 1

RSV -Bronchiolitis Croup -Parainfluenza virus type 1 Epiglottis -HIB

Please match the disorder with the area of airway involvement RSV Croup upper airway VS lower airway

RSV - lower Croup - upper

Which information should the nurse teach workers at a day care center about respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)? -Frequent hand washing can decrease the spread of the virus. -RSV can survive on nonporous surfaces for about 60 minutes. -RSV is transmitted through particles in the air. -RSV can live on skin or paper for up to a few seconds after contact.

-Frequent hand washing can decrease the spread of the virus.

A nurse is assessing an infant following a motor vehicle crash. Which of the following findings should the nurse monitor to identify increased intracranial pressure? -Depressed fontanels -Increased sleeping -Tachycardia -Brisk pupillary reaction to light

-Increased sleeping

Key assessment findings in child with bronchiolitis secondary to RSV include -retractions -hypoinflation -hyperinflation -substernal retractions -cyanosis

-retractions -cyanosis

A child has a chronic, nonproductive cough and diffuse wheezing during the expiratory phase of respiration. This suggests: Bronchiolitis. Pneumonia. Asthma. Foreign body in the trachea

Asthma

Please provide the normal vital sign ranges for the following: Infant Toddler School-aged Adolescent Include HR, Respiratory Rate, & B/P

BP formula per Tim*: 70 + (Age x2), min systolic 90 after 10yrs Infant resp: 30-60 HR: 100-160 BP: 65-78/41-52 Toddler (1yr) resp:24-40 HR: 90-150 BP: 83-114/38-67 Preschooler (3yrs) resp: 22-34 HR: 80-140 BP: 86-117/47-76 School age (6-10yrs combined range) resp: 18-34 HR: 70-120 BP (6yrs): 91-122/54-83 BP (10yrs): 98-129/59-88 Adolescent (16yrs) resp: 12-16 HR: 60-110 BP: 108-138/64-93

You are caring for Crista a 4-year-old female in an urgent care setting. Crista's complaint is right ear pain. Her mother states the pain started 2 days ago after returning from the pool. The pain is now keeping her awake and night. List 5 basic principles (Dos & Don'ts) in a pediatric assessment, and how you will use these principles with Crista.

Basic Do's and Don't's: -slow down when possible, introduce to kid and parent -DO NOT lead w/ med procedures or vitals (when possible) -DO NOT take child away from parent -perform as much of your assessment with the parent holding the child or next to the child. -Get to childs level -Be as goofy/approachable as appropriately possible -Explain all procedures in age appropriate way. Avoid medical terms -DO NOT approach child w/ lots of equipment, hide excess stuff. -De scary your equipment and procedures -let child handle equipment before you use it on them

You are caring for a 12-month-old patient with RSV. The best and quickest way for the nurse to assess circulation is to evaluate and look for at the child's. Capillary Refill Time Mottling Skin Turgor Pallor

Capillary Refill Time

List two ways to diagnosis and two ways to treat childhood ADHD.

DX: -History (esp social): multidisciplinary approach that includes child in several settings Testing: *rule out IQ/other deficits, projective, psychologic, spatial organization. Tx: Medication/Pharmacology: stimulant's, SNRIs. Environmental Manage: consistency, emphasis on organizational strategies, require personal responsibility

List the rationale for Pediatric Lumbar Puncture and the nursing interventions surrounding the procedure.

Rationale - includes poss of bleeding in brain, leukemia, meningitis, encephalitis, MS, myelitis, blockage of or excess CSF. Other things they might find - bacteria/fungi/abnorm cells in CSF, glucose in CSF, protein type/amount CSF, WBC type amount CSF, ***not answered yet LONG

Match the nursing interventions you will deliver to a newborn with Down Syndrome with the rationale. -Swaddle the infant -Provide a specialized bottle -Assist with newborn resuscitation Nasal congestion Hypotonicity musculoskeletal injury

Swaddle the infant -Prevent musculoskeletal injury Provide a specialized bottle -Nasal congestion Assist with newborn resuscitation -Hypotonicity

Which intervention for treating croup at home should be taught to parents? -Have the child sleep in a dry room. -Give the child an antibiotic at bedtime. -Have a decongestant available to give the child when an attack occurs. -Take the child outside.

Take the child outside.

The nurse encourages the mother of a toddler with acute laryngotracheobronchitis to stay at the bedside as much as possible. The nurse's rationale for this action is primarily that: -The mother's presence will reduce anxiety and ease the child's respiratory efforts. -Mothers of hospitalized toddlers often experience guilt. -Separation from the mother is a major developmental threat at this age. -The mother can provide constant observations of the child's respiratory efforts.

The mother's presence will reduce anxiety and ease the child's respiratory efforts.

List the variations needed when delivering medications Oral and IM medications to a 6-year-old child. (ch8 ATI care of children's)

both, Oral and IM Oral: -swallow pills (or liquid needed) -dont mix into formula, infant may not finish all -liquid in = side of mouth -add flavor if poss/needed (make it suck less) IM: -Assistance (how much help do you need) -Site (by age) 6yrs = deltoid or anterolateral thigh Both: -6 rights -length tx -contra's

The steeple sign is demonstrated on X-ray in a child with ______________.

croup

The parent of a toddler calls the nurse, asking about croup. What is a distinguishing manifestation of spasmodic croup? -It is bacterial in nature. -Wheezing is heard audibly. -It has a harsh, barky cough. -The child has a high fever.

It has a harsh, barky cough.

What nursing intervention listed below is an appropriate intervention to provide to a patient with RSV bronchiolitis -Reduce fever with anipyretics -Administer antiviral medications -Administer dexamethasone -Keep oxygen levels above 93%

Keep oxygen levels above 93%

Which term is used to describe a child's level of consciousness when the child can be aroused with stimulation? Stupor Confusion Obtundation Disorientation

Obtundation

A nurse is caring for a child who is experiencing a seizure. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? -Restrain the child's arms. -Attempt to stop the seizure by holding child's arms -Use a padded tongue blade. -Position the child laterally.

Position the child laterally.

Describe Decorticate and Decerebrate Postures. What areas of the brain are altered?

Decorticate: to core, rigid flexion arms light to body, legs extended/internal rotated, cerebral hemisphere (upper part of brain) Deceberate: rigid extension/pronation (arms/legs), worse, mid brain injury

Which type of croup is always considered a medical emergency? Spasmodic croup Laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB) Laryngitis Epiglottitis

Epiglottitis

Adults can develop the croup pattern of symptoms with parainfluenza. (T/F?)

False

Which type of seizure involves both hemispheres of the brain? Acquired Partial Focal Generalized

Generalized