1.3: Stars and our Sun

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supernova

A gigantic explosion in which a massive star collapses and throws its outer layers into space

star

A mass of gas and plasma held together by its own gravity that produces its own light through nuclear fusion

main sequence star

A normal star that is undergoing nuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium. Our sun is a typical main sequence star.

white dwarf

A small, hot, dim star that is the leftover center of an old star

red giant

A star that expands and cools once it runs out of hydrogen fuel

sun

A typical star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system.

nuclear fusion

The process by which hydrogen atoms join together to form helium, releasing energy. How stars produce their energy

nebula

a collection of gas and dust that is the birth place of stars

sun spot

a dark spot on the sun, which is cool by contrast to the surrounding area

black hole

final stage in the evolution of a very massive star, where the core's mass collapses to a point that its gravity is so strong that not even light can escape

neutron star

the small, dense remains of a high-mass star after a supernova

luminosity

the true brightness of an object


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