(14) CSS (Text)
Text Color and Background Color
In this example, we define both the background-color property and the color property: <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <style> body { background-color: lightgrey; color: blue; } h1 { background-color: black; color: white; } </style> </head> <body> <h1>This Heading is Black with White Text</h1> <p>This page has a grey background color and a blue text.</p> <p>Another paragraph.</p> </body> </html>
All CSS Text Properties
Property Description color Sets the color of text direction Specifies the text direction/writing direction letter-spacing Increases or decreases the space between characters in a text line-height Sets the line height text-align Specifies the horizontal alignment of text text-decoration Specifies the decoration added to text text-indent Specifies the indentation of the first line in a text-block text-shadow Specifies the shadow effect added to text text-transform Controls the capitalization of text text-overflow Specifies how overflowed content that is not displayed should be signaled to the user unicode-bidi Used together with the direction property to set or return whether the text should be overridden to support multiple languages in the same document vertical-align Sets the vertical alignment of an element white-space Specifies how white-space inside an element is handled word-spacing Increases or decreases the space between words in a text
Text Decoration
The text-decoration property is used to set or remove decorations from text. The value text-decoration: none; is often used to remove underlines from links: Example a { text-decoration: none; } The other text-decoration values are used to decorate text: Example h1 { text-decoration: overline; } h2 { text-decoration: line-through; } h3 { text-decoration: underline; } Note: It is not recommended to underline text that is not a link, as this often confuses the reader.
Text Indentation
The text-indent property is used to specify the indentation of the first line of a text: Example p { text-indent: 50px; }
Text Shadow
The text-shadow property adds shadow to text. The following example specifies the position of the horizontal shadow (3px), the position of the vertical shadow (2px) and the color of the shadow (red): Example h1 { text-shadow: 3px 2px red; }
Text Transformation
The text-transform property is used to specify uppercase and lowercase letters in a text. It can be used to turn everything into uppercase or lowercase letters, or capitalize the first letter of each word: Example p.uppercase { text-transform: uppercase; } p.lowercase { text-transform: lowercase; } p.capitalize { text-transform: capitalize; }
Vertical Alignment
The vertical-align property sets the vertical alignment of an element. This example demonstrates how to set the vertical alignment of an image in a text: <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <style> img.top { vertical-align: top; } img.middle { vertical-align: middle; } img.bottom { vertical-align: bottom; } </style> </head> <body> <p>An <img src="w3schools_logo.gif" alt="W3Schools" width="270" height="50"> image with a default alignment.</p><br> <p>An <img class="top" src="w3schools_logo.gif" alt="W3Schools" width="270" height="50"> image with a top alignment.</p><br> <p>An <img class="middle" src="w3schools_logo.gif" alt="W3Schools" width="270" height="50"> image with a middle alignment.</p><br> <p>An <img class="bottom" src="w3schools_logo.gif" alt="W3Schools" width="270" height="50"> image with a bottom alignment.</p> </body> </html>
White Space
The white-space property specifies how white-space inside an element is handled. This example demonstrates how to disable text wrapping inside an element: <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <style> p { white-space: nowrap; } </style> </head> <body> <h2>White Space</h2> <p> This is some text. This is some text. This is some text. This is some text. This is some text. This is some text. This is some text. This is some text. This is some text. This is some text. This is some text. This is some text. This is some text. This is some text. This is some text. </p> <p>Try to remove the white-space property to see the difference.</p> </body> </html>
Word Spacing
The word-spacing property is used to specify the space between the words in a text. The following example demonstrates how to increase or decrease the space between words: Example h1 { word-spacing: 10px; } h2 { word-spacing: -5px; }
Text Color
The color property is used to set the color of the text. The color is specified by: a color name - like "red" a HEX value - like "#ff0000" an RGB value - like "rgb(255,0,0)" Look at CSS Color Values for a complete list of possible color values. The default text color for a page is defined in the body selector. Example body { color: blue; } h1 { color: green; } Note: For W3C compliant CSS: If you define the color property, you must also define the background-color.
Text Direction
The direction property is used to change the text direction of an element: Example p { direction: rtl; }
Letter Spacing
The letter-spacing property is used to specify the space between the characters in a text. The following example demonstrates how to increase or decrease the space between characters: Example h1 { letter-spacing: 3px; } h2 { letter-spacing: -3px; }
Line Height
The line-height property is used to specify the space between lines: Example p.small { line-height: 0.8; } p.big { line-height: 1.8; }
Text Alignment
The text-align property is used to set the horizontal alignment of a text. A text can be left or right aligned, centered, or justified. The following example shows center aligned, and left and right aligned text (left alignment is default if text direction is left-to-right, and right alignment is default if text direction is right-to-left): Example h1 { text-align: center; } h2 { text-align: left; } h3 { text-align: right; } When the text-align property is set to "justify", each line is stretched so that every line has equal width, and the left and right margins are straight (like in magazines and newspapers): Example div { text-align: justify; }
